feat: vendor gitea 1.16.2

2026-06-02 08:36:01 +00:00
parent 247cd60f69
commit 54798b4615
2145 changed files with 162965 additions and 126447 deletions
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  lib,
-  buildGoModule,
+  buildGo126Module,
  makeWrapper,
  git,
  bash,
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  openssh,
  fetchPnpmDeps,
  pnpmConfigHook,
-  pnpm,
+  pnpm_10,
  stdenv,
  sqliteSupport ? true,
  nixosTests,
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@
 let
  pname = "gitea";
-  version = "1.25.4";
+  version = "1.26.2";
  src = ./source;
  pnpm = pnpm_10;
  frontend = stdenv.mkDerivation {
    pname = "gitea-frontend";
@@ -28,8 +29,9 @@ let
    pnpmDeps = fetchPnpmDeps {
      pname = "gitea-frontend";
      inherit version src;
-      fetcherVersion = 2;
+      inherit pnpm;
-      hash = "sha256-0p7P68BvO3hv0utUbnPpHSpGLlV7F9HHmOITvJAb/ww=";
+      fetcherVersion = 3;
      hash = "sha256-Qo0DLuZv+2GVLsBfCv/6CC9E/qhSE4HwV4StQL4HX4Y=";
    };
    nativeBuildInputs = [
@@ -48,11 +50,11 @@ let
    '';
  };
 in
-buildGoModule rec {
+buildGo126Module rec {
  inherit pname version src;
  proxyVendor = true;
-  vendorHash = "sha256-y7HurJg+/V1cn8iKDXepk/ie/iNgiJXsQbDi1dhgark=";
+  vendorHash = "sha256-7+M1n8RSgB3gZ/2na4RF9kYOf90H0bnsJZMDKpgAy64=";
  outputs = [
    "out"
@@ -61,10 +63,17 @@ buildGoModule rec {
  patches = [ ./static-root-path.patch ];
-  overrideModAttrs = _: { postPatch = null; };
+  overrideModAttrs = _: {
    postPatch = ''
      substituteInPlace go.mod \
        --replace-fail "go 1.26.3" "go 1.26"
    '';
  };
  postPatch = ''
    substituteInPlace modules/setting/server.go --subst-var data
    substituteInPlace go.mod \
      --replace-fail "go 1.26.3" "go 1.26"
  '';
  subPackages = [ "." ];
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ tmp_dir = ".air"
 [build]
 pre_cmd = ["killall -9 gitea 2>/dev/null || true"] # kill off potential zombie processes from previous runs
 cmd = "make --no-print-directory backend"
-bin = "gitea"
+entrypoint = ["./gitea"]
 delay = 2000
 include_ext = ["go", "tmpl"]
 include_file = ["main.go"]
@@ -13,14 +13,13 @@
    "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/git-lfs:1.2.5": {},
    "ghcr.io/jsburckhardt/devcontainer-features/uv:1": {},
    "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/python:1": {
-      "version": "3.13"
+      "version": "3.14"
    },
    "ghcr.io/warrenbuckley/codespace-features/sqlite:1": {}
  },
  "customizations": {
    "vscode": {
      "settings": {},
      // same extensions as Gitpod, should match /.gitpod.yml
      "extensions": [
        "editorconfig.editorconfig",
        "dbaeumer.vscode-eslint",
@@ -74,6 +74,9 @@ cpu.out
 /VERSION
 /.air
 /.go-licenses
 /Dockerfile
 /Dockerfile.rootless
 /.venv
 # Files and folders that were previously generated
 /public/assets/img/webpack
@@ -8,3 +8,4 @@
 /vendor/** -text -eol linguist-vendored
 /web_src/js/vendor/** -text -eol linguist-vendored
 Dockerfile.* linguist-language=Dockerfile
 Makefile.* linguist-language=Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
 version: 2
 updates:
  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
    labels: [modifies/dependencies]
    directory: /
    schedule:
      interval: daily
    cooldown:
      default-days: 5
@@ -43,15 +43,13 @@ modifies/internal:
          - ".editorconfig"
          - ".eslintrc.cjs"
          - ".golangci.yml"
          - ".gitpod.yml"
          - ".markdownlint.yaml"
          - ".spectral.yaml"
-          - "stylelint.config.js"
+          - "stylelint.config.*"
          - ".yamllint.yaml"
          - ".github/**"
          - ".gitea/**"
          - ".devcontainer/**"
          - "build.go"
          - "build/**"
          - "contrib/**"
@@ -85,9 +83,9 @@ docs-update-needed:
 topic/code-linting:
  - changed-files:
      - any-glob-to-any-file:
          - ".eslintrc.cjs"
          - ".golangci.yml"
          - ".markdownlint.yaml"
          - ".spectral.yaml"
          - ".yamllint.yaml"
-          - "stylelint.config.js"
+          - "eslint*.config.*"
          - "stylelint.config.*"
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
 name: cron-flake-updater
 on:
  workflow_dispatch:
  schedule:
    - cron: '0 0 * * 0' # runs weekly on Sunday at 00:00
 jobs:
  nix-flake-update:
    permissions:
      contents: write
      issues: write
      pull-requests: write
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: DeterminateSystems/determinate-nix-action@v3
      - uses: DeterminateSystems/update-flake-lock@main
        with:
          pr-title: "Update Nix flake"
          pr-labels: |
            dependencies
@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ jobs:
  cron-licenses:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.repository == 'go-gitea/gitea'
    permissions:
      contents: write
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -18,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
      - run: make generate-gitignore
        timeout-minutes: 40
      - name: push translations to repo
-        uses: appleboy/git-push-action@v0.0.3
+        uses: appleboy/git-push-action@v1.2.0
        with:
          author_email: "teabot@gitea.io"
          author_name: GiteaBot
@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ jobs:
  crowdin-pull:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.repository == 'go-gitea/gitea'
    permissions:
      contents: write
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: crowdin/github-action@v1
+      - uses: crowdin/github-action@v2
        with:
          upload_sources: true
          upload_translations: false
@@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: update locales
        run: ./build/update-locales.sh
      - name: push translations to repo
-        uses: appleboy/git-push-action@v0.0.3
+        uses: appleboy/git-push-action@v1.2.0
        with:
          author_email: "teabot@gitea.io"
          author_name: GiteaBot
@@ -19,11 +19,15 @@ on:
        value: ${{ jobs.detect.outputs.swagger }}
      yaml:
        value: ${{ jobs.detect.outputs.yaml }}
      json:
        value: ${{ jobs.detect.outputs.json }}
 jobs:
  detect:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 3
    permissions:
      contents: read
    outputs:
      backend: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.backend }}
      frontend: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.frontend }}
@@ -33,9 +37,10 @@ jobs:
      docker: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.docker }}
      swagger: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.swagger }}
      yaml: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.yaml }}
      json: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.json }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
+      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v4
        id: changes
        with:
          filters: |
@@ -48,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
              - "Makefile"
              - ".golangci.yml"
              - ".editorconfig"
-              - "options/locale/locale_en-US.ini"
+              - "options/locale/locale_en-US.json"
            frontend:
              - "*.js"
@@ -80,6 +85,7 @@ jobs:
              - "uv.lock"
            docker:
              - ".github/workflows/pull-docker-dryrun.yml"
              - "Dockerfile"
              - "Dockerfile.rootless"
              - "docker/**"
@@ -98,3 +104,6 @@ jobs:
              - "**/*.yaml"
              - ".yamllint.yaml"
              - "pyproject.toml"
            json:
              - "**/*.json"
@@ -10,13 +10,17 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
  files-changed:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/files-changed.yml
    permissions:
      contents: read
  lint-backend:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -30,14 +34,18 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.templates == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.0.0
-      - run: uv python install 3.12
+      - run: uv python install 3.14
-      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
        with:
          node-version: 24
          cache: pnpm
          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
      - run: make deps-py
      - run: make deps-frontend
      - run: make lint-templates
@@ -46,23 +54,44 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.yaml == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.0.0
-      - run: uv python install 3.12
+      - run: uv python install 3.14
      - run: make deps-py
      - run: make lint-yaml
  lint-json:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.json == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
        with:
          node-version: 24
      - run: make deps-frontend
      - run: make lint-json
  lint-swagger:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.swagger == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
        with:
          node-version: 24
          cache: pnpm
          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
      - run: make deps-frontend
      - run: make lint-swagger
@@ -70,8 +99,10 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.frontend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.docs == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.templates == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -82,8 +113,10 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -99,8 +132,10 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -114,8 +149,10 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -127,12 +164,16 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.frontend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
        with:
          node-version: 24
          cache: pnpm
          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
      - run: make deps-frontend
      - run: make lint-frontend
      - run: make checks-frontend
@@ -143,8 +184,10 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -175,12 +218,16 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.docs == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
        with:
          node-version: 24
          cache: pnpm
          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
      - run: make deps-frontend
      - run: make lint-md
@@ -188,8 +235,10 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -10,11 +10,15 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
  files-changed:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/files-changed.yml
    permissions:
      contents: read
  test-pgsql:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    services:
      pgsql:
        image: postgres:14
@@ -38,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - "9000:9000"
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -59,37 +63,39 @@ jobs:
          RACE_ENABLED: true
          TEST_TAGS: gogit
          TEST_LDAP: 1
          USE_REPO_TEST_DIR: 1
  test-sqlite:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
      - run: make deps-backend
-      - run: make backend
+      - run: GOEXPERIMENT='' make backend
        env:
          TAGS: bindata gogit sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify
      - name: run migration tests
        run: make test-sqlite-migration
      - name: run tests
-        run: make test-sqlite
+        run: GOEXPERIMENT='' make test-sqlite
        timeout-minutes: 50
        env:
          TAGS: bindata gogit sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify
          RACE_ENABLED: true
          TEST_TAGS: gogit sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify
          USE_REPO_TEST_DIR: 1
  test-unit:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    services:
      elasticsearch:
        image: elasticsearch:7.5.0
@@ -124,7 +130,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 10000:10000
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -142,7 +148,7 @@ jobs:
          RACE_ENABLED: true
          GITHUB_READ_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_READ_TOKEN }}
      - name: unit-tests-gogit
-        run: make unit-test-coverage test-check
+        run: GOEXPERIMENT='' make unit-test-coverage test-check
        env:
          TAGS: bindata gogit
          RACE_ENABLED: true
@@ -152,6 +158,8 @@ jobs:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    services:
      mysql:
        # the bitnami mysql image has more options than the official one, it's easier to customize
@@ -177,7 +185,7 @@ jobs:
          - "587:587"
          - "993:993"
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -196,13 +204,14 @@ jobs:
        env:
          TAGS: bindata
          RACE_ENABLED: true
          USE_REPO_TEST_DIR: 1
          TEST_INDEXER_CODE_ES_URL: "http://elastic:changeme@elasticsearch:9200"
  test-mssql:
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    services:
      mssql:
        image: mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2019-latest
@@ -217,7 +226,7 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 10000:10000
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
@@ -234,4 +243,3 @@ jobs:
        timeout-minutes: 50
        env:
          TAGS: bindata
          USE_REPO_TEST_DIR: 1
@@ -10,26 +10,31 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
  files-changed:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/files-changed.yml
    permissions:
      contents: read
-  regular:
+  container:
-    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.docker == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
+    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.docker == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
+      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
      - name: Build regular container image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          push: false
-          tags: gitea/gitea:linux-amd64
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea:buildcache-rootful
-
+      - name: Build rootless container image
-  rootless:
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.docker == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      - uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
          context: .
          push: false
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          file: Dockerfile.rootless
-          tags: gitea/gitea:linux-amd64
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea:buildcache-rootless
@@ -10,26 +10,34 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
  files-changed:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/files-changed.yml
    permissions:
      contents: read
  test-e2e:
-    # the "test-e2e" won't pass, and it seems that there is no useful test, so skip
+    if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.frontend == 'true'
    # if: needs.files-changed.outputs.backend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.frontend == 'true' || needs.files-changed.outputs.actions == 'true'
    if: false
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
-      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
        with:
          node-version: 24
-      - run: make deps-frontend frontend deps-backend
+          cache: pnpm
-      - run: pnpm exec playwright install --with-deps
+          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
-      - run: make test-e2e-sqlite
+      - run: make deps-frontend
-        timeout-minutes: 40
+      - run: make frontend
      - run: make deps-backend
      - run: make gitea-e2e
      - run: make playwright
      - run: make test-e2e
        timeout-minutes: 10
        env:
-          USE_REPO_TEST_DIR: 1
+          FORCE_COLOR: 1
          GITEA_TEST_E2E_DEBUG: 1
@@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ jobs:
      contents: read
      pull-requests: write
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/labeler@v5
+      - uses: actions/labeler@v6
        with:
          sync-labels: true
@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
  nightly-binary:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-binary
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
@@ -20,10 +22,12 @@ jobs:
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
-      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
        with:
          node-version: 24
          cache: pnpm
          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
      - run: make deps-frontend deps-backend
      # xgo build
      - run: make release
@@ -31,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
          TAGS: bindata sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify
      - name: import gpg key
        id: import_gpg
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v7
        with:
          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_KEY }}
          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_PASSPHRASE }}
@@ -48,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
          echo "Cleaned name is ${REF_NAME}"
          echo "branch=${REF_NAME}-nightly" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: configure aws
-        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v6
        with:
          aws-region: ${{ secrets.AWS_REGION }}
          aws-access-key-id: ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
@@ -56,88 +60,76 @@ jobs:
      - name: upload binaries to s3
        run: |
          aws s3 sync dist/release s3://${{ secrets.AWS_S3_BUCKET }}/gitea/${{ steps.clean_name.outputs.branch }} --no-progress
-  nightly-docker-rootful:
+
  nightly-container:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-docker
    permissions:
      contents: read
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
-        with:
+      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      - name: Get cleaned branch name
        id: clean_name
        run: |
          REF_NAME=$(echo "${{ github.ref }}" | sed -e 's/refs\/heads\///' -e 's/refs\/tags\///' -e 's/release\/v//')
          echo "branch=${REF_NAME}-nightly" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        id: meta
        with:
          images: |-
            gitea/gitea
            ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea
          tags: |
            type=raw,value=${{ steps.clean_name.outputs.branch }}
          annotations: |
            org.opencontainers.image.authors="maintainers@gitea.io"
      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        id: meta_rootless
        with:
          images: |-
            gitea/gitea
            ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea
          # each tag below will have the suffix of -rootless
          flavor: |
            suffix=-rootless
          tags: |
            type=raw,value=${{ steps.clean_name.outputs.branch }}
          annotations: |
            org.opencontainers.image.authors="maintainers@gitea.io"
      - name: Login to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Login to GHCR using PAT
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: fetch go modules
+      - name: build regular docker image
-        run: make vendor
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
      - name: build rootful docker image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          push: true
-          tags: |-
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
-            gitea/gitea:${{ steps.clean_name.outputs.branch }}
+          annotations: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.annotations }}
-            ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea:${{ steps.clean_name.outputs.branch }}
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea:buildcache-rootful
-  nightly-docker-rootless:
+          cache-to: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea:buildcache-rootful,mode=max
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-docker
    permissions:
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      - name: Get cleaned branch name
        id: clean_name
        run: |
          REF_NAME=$(echo "${{ github.ref }}" | sed -e 's/refs\/heads\///' -e 's/refs\/tags\///' -e 's/release\/v//')
          echo "branch=${REF_NAME}-nightly" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: Login to Docker Hub
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Login to GHCR using PAT
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: fetch go modules
        run: make vendor
      - name: build rootless docker image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
-          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
+          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          push: true
          file: Dockerfile.rootless
-          tags: |-
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta_rootless.outputs.tags }}
-            gitea/gitea:${{ steps.clean_name.outputs.branch }}-rootless
+          annotations: ${{ steps.meta_rootless.outputs.annotations }}
-            ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea:${{ steps.clean_name.outputs.branch }}-rootless
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea:buildcache-rootless
          cache-to: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/go-gitea/gitea:buildcache-rootless,mode=max
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
  binary:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-binary
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
@@ -21,10 +23,12 @@ jobs:
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
-      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
        with:
          node-version: 24
          cache: pnpm
          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
      - run: make deps-frontend deps-backend
      # xgo build
      - run: make release
@@ -32,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
          TAGS: bindata sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify
      - name: import gpg key
        id: import_gpg
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v7
        with:
          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_KEY }}
          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_PASSPHRASE }}
@@ -49,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
          echo "Cleaned name is ${REF_NAME}"
          echo "branch=${REF_NAME}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: configure aws
-        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v6
        with:
          aws-region: ${{ secrets.AWS_REGION }}
          aws-access-key-id: ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
@@ -58,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          aws s3 sync dist/release s3://${{ secrets.AWS_S3_BUCKET }}/gitea/${{ steps.clean_name.outputs.branch }} --no-progress
      - name: Install GH CLI
-        uses: dev-hanz-ops/install-gh-cli-action@v0.1.0
+        uses: dev-hanz-ops/install-gh-cli-action@v0.2.1
        with:
          gh-cli-version: 2.39.1
      - name: create github release
@@ -66,18 +70,20 @@ jobs:
          gh release create ${{ github.ref_name }} --title ${{ github.ref_name }} --draft --notes-from-tag dist/release/*
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
-  docker-rootful:
+
  container:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-docker
    permissions:
      contents: read
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
-      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
-      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
-      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        id: meta
        with:
          images: |-
@@ -88,38 +94,10 @@ jobs:
          # 1.2.3-rc0
          tags: |
            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
-      - name: Login to Docker Hub
+          annotations: |
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+            org.opencontainers.image.authors="maintainers@gitea.io"
-        with:
+      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
-          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+        id: meta_rootless
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Login to GHCR using PAT
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: build rootful docker image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          push: true
          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
  docker-rootless:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-docker
    permissions:
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
        id: meta
        with:
          images: |-
            gitea/gitea
@@ -131,23 +109,33 @@ jobs:
          # 1.2.3-rc0
          tags: |
            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
          annotations: |
            org.opencontainers.image.authors="maintainers@gitea.io"
      - name: Login to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Login to GHCR using PAT
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: build rootless docker image
+      - name: build regular container image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          push: true
          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
          annotations: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.annotations }}
      - name: build rootless container image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          push: true
          file: Dockerfile.rootless
-          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta_rootless.outputs.tags }}
-          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
+          annotations: ${{ steps.meta_rootless.outputs.annotations }}
@@ -15,9 +15,10 @@ jobs:
  binary:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-binary
    permissions:
      contents: read
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
@@ -25,10 +26,12 @@ jobs:
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
-      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v5
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
        with:
          node-version: 24
          cache: pnpm
          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
      - run: make deps-frontend deps-backend
      # xgo build
      - run: make release
@@ -36,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
          TAGS: bindata sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify
      - name: import gpg key
        id: import_gpg
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v7
        with:
          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_KEY }}
          passphrase: ${{ secrets.GPGSIGN_PASSPHRASE }}
@@ -53,7 +56,7 @@ jobs:
          echo "Cleaned name is ${REF_NAME}"
          echo "branch=${REF_NAME}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: configure aws
-        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v4
+        uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v6
        with:
          aws-region: ${{ secrets.AWS_REGION }}
          aws-access-key-id: ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
@@ -62,7 +65,7 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          aws s3 sync dist/release s3://${{ secrets.AWS_S3_BUCKET }}/gitea/${{ steps.clean_name.outputs.branch }} --no-progress
      - name: Install GH CLI
-        uses: dev-hanz-ops/install-gh-cli-action@v0.1.0
+        uses: dev-hanz-ops/install-gh-cli-action@v0.2.1
        with:
          gh-cli-version: 2.39.1
      - name: create github release
@@ -70,18 +73,20 @@ jobs:
          gh release create ${{ github.ref_name }} --title ${{ github.ref_name }} --notes-from-tag dist/release/*
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
-  docker-rootful:
+
  container:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-docker
    permissions:
      contents: read
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
-      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
-      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
-      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
+      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        id: meta
        with:
          images: |-
@@ -96,36 +101,10 @@ jobs:
            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
            type=semver,pattern={{major}}
            type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}}
-      - name: Login to Docker Hub
+          annotations: |
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+            org.opencontainers.image.authors="maintainers@gitea.io"
-        with:
+      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
-          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+        id: meta_rootless
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Login to GHCR using PAT
        uses: docker/login-action@v3
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: build rootful docker image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          push: true
          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
  docker-rootless:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-docker
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
      - uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
        id: meta
        with:
          images: |-
            gitea/gitea
@@ -142,23 +121,33 @@ jobs:
            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
            type=semver,pattern={{major}}
            type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}}
          annotations: |
            org.opencontainers.image.authors="maintainers@gitea.io"
      - name: Login to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      - name: Login to GHCR using PAT
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          registry: ghcr.io
          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: build rootless docker image
+      - name: build regular container image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          push: true
          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
          annotations: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.annotations }}
      - name: build rootless container image
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
          push: true
          file: Dockerfile.rootless
-          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta_rootless.outputs.tags }}
-          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
+          annotations: ${{ steps.meta_rootless.outputs.annotations }}
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ __debug_bin*
 # Visual Studio
 /.vs/
 # mise version managment tool
 mise.toml
 *.cgo1.go
 *.cgo2.c
 _cgo_defun.c
@@ -52,6 +55,7 @@ cpu.out
 *.log.*.gz
 /gitea
 /gitea-e2e
 /gitea-vet
 /debug
 /integrations.test
@@ -64,13 +68,9 @@ cpu.out
 /indexers
 /log
 /public/assets/img/avatar
 /tests/e2e-output
 /tests/integration/gitea-integration-*
 /tests/integration/indexers-*
 /tests/e2e/gitea-e2e-*
 /tests/e2e/indexers-*
 /tests/e2e/reports
 /tests/e2e/test-artifacts
 /tests/e2e/test-snapshots
 /tests/*.ini
 /tests/**/*.git/**/*.sample
 /node_modules
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ cpu.out
 /yarn-error.log
 /npm-debug.log*
 /.pnpm-store
 /public/assets/.vite
 /public/assets/js
 /public/assets/css
 /public/assets/fonts
@@ -86,10 +87,7 @@ cpu.out
 /vendor
 /VERSION
 /.air
 /.go-licenses
 # Files and folders that were previously generated
 /public/assets/img/webpack
 # Snapcraft
 /gitea_a*.txt
@@ -118,7 +116,10 @@ prime/
 /.goosehints
 /.windsurfrules
 /.github/copilot-instructions.md
 /AGENT.md
 /CLAUDE.md
 /llms.txt
 # Ignore worktrees when working on multiple branches
 .worktrees/
 # A Makefile for custom make targets
 Makefile.local
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
 tasks:
  - name: Setup
    init: |
      cp -r contrib/ide/vscode .vscode
      make deps
      make build
    command: |
      gp sync-done setup
      exit 0
  - name: Run backend
    command: |
      gp sync-await setup
      # Get the URL and extract the domain
      url=$(gp url 3000)
      domain=$(echo $url | awk -F[/:] '{print $4}')
      if [ -f custom/conf/app.ini ]; then
        sed -i "s|^ROOT_URL =.*|ROOT_URL = ${url}/|" custom/conf/app.ini
        sed -i "s|^DOMAIN =.*|DOMAIN = ${domain}|" custom/conf/app.ini
        sed -i "s|^SSH_DOMAIN =.*|SSH_DOMAIN = ${domain}|" custom/conf/app.ini
        sed -i "s|^NO_REPLY_ADDRESS =.*|SSH_DOMAIN = noreply.${domain}|" custom/conf/app.ini
      else
        mkdir -p custom/conf/
        echo -e "[server]\nROOT_URL = ${url}/" > custom/conf/app.ini
        echo -e "\n[database]\nDB_TYPE = sqlite3\nPATH = $GITPOD_REPO_ROOT/data/gitea.db" >> custom/conf/app.ini
      fi
      export TAGS="sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify"
      make watch-backend
  - name: Run frontend
    command: |
      gp sync-await setup
      make watch-frontend
    openMode: split-right
 vscode:
  extensions:
    - editorconfig.editorconfig
    - dbaeumer.vscode-eslint
    - golang.go
    - stylelint.vscode-stylelint
    - DavidAnson.vscode-markdownlint
    - Vue.volar
    - ms-azuretools.vscode-docker
    - vitest.explorer
    - cweijan.vscode-database-client2
    - GitHub.vscode-pull-request-github
 ports:
  - name: Gitea
    port: 3000
@@ -6,15 +6,19 @@ linters:
  default: none
  enable:
    - bidichk
    - bodyclose
    - depguard
    - dupl
    - errcheck
    - forbidigo
    - gocheckcompilerdirectives
    - gocritic
    - govet
    - ineffassign
    - mirror
    - modernize
    - nakedret
    - nilnil
    - nolintlint
    - perfsprint
    - revive
@@ -45,6 +49,8 @@ linters:
              desc: do not use the ini package, use gitea's config system instead
            - pkg: gitea.com/go-chi/cache
              desc: do not use the go-chi cache package, use gitea's cache system
            - pkg: github.com/pkg/errors
              desc: use builtin errors package instead
    nolintlint:
      allow-unused: false
      require-explanation: true
@@ -55,38 +61,28 @@ linters:
      disabled-checks:
        - ifElseChain
        - singleCaseSwitch # Every time this occurred in the code, there was no other way.
        - deprecatedComment # conflicts with go-swagger comments
    revive:
      severity: error
      rules:
        - name: atomic
        - name: bare-return
        - name: blank-imports
        - name: constant-logical-expr
        - name: context-as-argument
        - name: context-keys-type
        - name: dot-imports
        - name: duplicated-imports
        - name: empty-lines
        - name: error-naming
        - name: error-return
        - name: error-strings
        - name: errorf
        - name: exported
        - name: identical-branches
        - name: if-return
        - name: increment-decrement
        - name: indent-error-flow
        - name: modifies-value-receiver
        - name: package-comments
        - name: range
        - name: receiver-naming
        - name: redefines-builtin-id
        - name: string-of-int
        - name: superfluous-else
        - name: time-naming
        - name: unconditional-recursion
        - name: unexported-return
        - name: unreachable-code
        - name: var-declaration
        - name: var-naming
          arguments:
@@ -107,6 +103,12 @@ linters:
        - require-error
    usetesting:
      os-temp-dir: true
    perfsprint:
      concat-loop: false
    govet:
      enable:
        - nilness
        - unusedwrite
  exclusions:
    generated: lax
    presets:
@@ -118,16 +120,12 @@ linters:
      - linters:
          - dupl
          - errcheck
          - gocyclo
          - gosec
          - staticcheck
          - unparam
        path: _test\.go
      - linters:
          - dupl
          - errcheck
          - gocyclo
          - gosec
        path: models/migrations/v
      - linters:
          - forbidigo
@@ -139,12 +137,8 @@ linters:
          - gocritic
        text: (?i)`ID' should not be capitalized
      - linters:
          - deadcode
          - unused
        text: (?i)swagger
      - linters:
          - staticcheck
        text: (?i)argument x is overwritten before first use
      - linters:
          - gocritic
        text: '(?i)commentFormatting: put a space between `//` and comment text'
@@ -153,6 +147,7 @@ linters:
        text: '(?i)exitAfterDefer:'
    paths:
      - node_modules
      - .venv
      - public
      - web_src
      - third_party$
@@ -172,6 +167,7 @@ formatters:
    generated: lax
    paths:
      - node_modules
      - .venv
      - public
      - web_src
      - third_party$
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ rules:
  comments-indentation:
    level: error
-  document-start:
+  document-start: disable
    level: error
    present: false
  document-end:
    present: false
@@ -4,7 +4,538 @@ This changelog goes through the changes that have been made in each release
 without substantial changes to our git log; to see the highlights of what has
 been added to each release, please refer to the [blog](https://blog.gitea.com).
-## [1.25.4](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/1.25.4) - 2026-01-15
+## [1.26.2](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/1.26.2) - 2026-05-20
 * SECURITY
  * fix(permissions): Fix reading permission (#37769)
  * fix(actions): make artifact signature payloads unambiguous (#37707)
  * fix: Unify public-only token filtering in API queries and repo access checks (#37118)
  * fix: Add missed token scope checking (#37735)
  * fix(oauth): bind token exchanges to the original client request (#37704)
  * fix(oauth): strengthen PKCE validation and refresh token replay protection (#37706)
  * fix(web): enforce token scopes on raw, media, and attachment downloads (#37698)
  * fix(security): enforce wiki git writes and LFS token access at request time (#37695)
  * feat(api): encrypt AWS creds (#37679)
  * fix(deps): update dependency mermaid to v11.15.0 [security], add e2e test
  * fix(packages): Add label for private and internal package and fix composor package source permission check (#37610)
  * fix(git): Fix smart http request scope bug (#37583)
  * Fix basic auth bug (#37503)
  * Fix allow maintainer edit permission check (#37479) (#37484)
  * Fix URL sanitization to handle schemeless credentials (#37440) (#37471)
  * Fix attachment Content-Security-Policy (#37455) (#37464)
  * chore(deps): bump go-git/go-git/v5 to 5.19.0 (#37608)
 * BUGFIXES
  * fix(pull): handle empty pull request files view to allow reviews (#37783)
  * fix(markup): make RenderString never fail (#37779)
  * fix: add natural sort to sortTreeViewNodes (#37772)
  * fix: package creation unique conflict (#37774)
  * fix!: add DEFAULT_TITLE_SOURCE setting for pull request title default behavior (#37465)
  * fix: Allow direct commits for unprotected files with push restrictions (#37657)
  * fix(actions): wrong assumption that run id always >= job id (#37737)
  * fix(auth): set User-Agent on avatar fetch and sync avatar on link-account register (#37564) (#37588)
  * fix(actions): deadlock between PrepareRunAndInsert and UpdateTaskByState (#37692)
  * fix(repo): /generate must sync the branch table for the new repo (#37693)
  * build: Fix snap build (1.26)
  * fix(actions): run TransferLogs on UpdateLog{Rows:[], NoMore:true} (#37631)
  * fix show correct mergebase
  * fix: make clone URL respect public URL detection setting (#37615)
  * fix: "run as root" check (#37622)
  * chore(deps): update dependency go to v1.26.3 (#37601)
  * Compare dropdown fails when selecting branch with no common merge-base (#37470)
  * fix: treat email addresses case-insensitively (#37600)
  * fix(actions): fix blank lines after ::endgroup:: (#37597)
  * fix(actions): report individual step status in workflow job API response (#37592)
  * fix: Invalid UTF-8 commit messages in JSON API responses (#37542)
  * fix: use consistent GetUser family functions (#37553)
  * fix(api): return 409 message instead of empty JSON for wrong commit id (#37572)
  * fix(actions): prevent panic when workflow contains null jobs (#37570)
  * Make ServeSetHeaders default to download attachment if filename exists (#37552) (#37555)
  * Fix(actions): validate workflow param to prevent 500 error (#37546) (#37554)
  * Don't unblock run-level-concurrency-blocked runs in the resolver (#37461) (#37538)
  * Fix(packages): use file names for generic web downloads (#37514) (#37520)
  * Fix merge autodetect can't close other PRs but only the last one when multiple PRs are pushed at once (#37512) (#37516)
  * Fix update branch protection order (#37508) (#37513)
  * Fix mCaptcha broken after Vite migration (#37492) (#37509)
  * Fix review submission from single-commit PR view (#37475) (#37485)
  * Fix scheduled action panic with null event payload (#37459) (#37466)
  * Make GetPossibleUserByID can handle deleted user (#37430) (#37431)
  * Remove excessive quote from terraform instructions (#37424) (#37426)
  * Fix color regressions, add `priority` color (#37417) (#37421)
 * MISC
  * Add CurrentURL template variable back (#37444) (#37449)
 ## [1.26.1](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.26.1) - 2026-04-21
 * BUGFIXES
  * Add event.schedule context for schedule actions task (#37320) (#37348)
  * Fix an issue where changing an organization's visibility caused problems when users had forked its repositories. (#37324) (#37344)
  * Use modern "git update-index --cacheinfo" syntax to support more file names (#37338) (#37343)
  * Fix URL related escaping for oauth2 (#37334) (#37340)
  * When the requested arch rpm is missing fall back to noarch (#37236) (#37339)
  * Fix actions concurrency groups cross-branch leak (#37311) (#37331)
  * Fix bug when accessing user badges (#37321) (#37329)
  * Fix AppFullLink (#37325) (#37328)
  * Fix container auth for public instance (#37290) (#37294)
  * Enhance GetActionWorkflow to support fallback references (#37189) (#37283)
  * Fix vite manifest update masking build errors (#37279) (#37310)
  * Fix Mermaid diagrams failing when node labels contain line breaks (#37296) (#37299)
  * Use TriggerEvent instead of Event in workflow runs API response for scheduled runs (#37288) #37360
  * Add URL to Learn more about blocking a user. (#37355) #37367
  * Fix button layout shift when collapsing file tree in editor (#37363) #37375
  * Fix org team assignee/reviewer lookups for team member permissions (#37365) #37391
  * Fix repo init README EOL (#37388) #37399
  * Fix: dump with default zip type produces uncompressed zip (#37401)#37402
 ## [1.26.0](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.26.0) - 2026-04-17
 * BREAKING
  * Correct swagger annotations for enums, status codes, and notification state (#37030)
  * Remove GET API registration-token (#36801)
  * Support Actions `concurrency` syntax (#32751)
  * Make PUBLIC_URL_DETECTION default to "auto" (#36955)
 * SECURITY
  * Bound PageSize in `ListUnadoptedRepositories` (#36884)
 * FEATURES
  * Support Actions `concurrency` syntax (#32751)
  * Add terraform state registry (#36710)
  * Instance-wide (global) info banner and maintenance mode (#36571)
  * Support rendering OpenAPI spec (#36449)
  * Add keyboard shortcuts for repository file and code search (#36416)
  * Add support for archive-upload rpc (#36391)
  * Add ability to download subpath archive (#36371)
  * Add workflow dependencies visualization (#26062) (#36248) & Restyle Workflow Graph (#36912)
  * Automatic generation of release notes (#35977)
  * Add "Go to file", "Delete Directory" to repo file list page (#35911)
  * Introduce "config edit-ini" sub command to help maintaining INI config file (#35735)
  * Add button to re-run failed jobs in Actions (#36924)
  * Support actions and reusable workflows from private repos (#32562)
  * Add summary to action runs view (#36883)
  * Add user badges (#36752)
  * Add configurable permissions for Actions automatic tokens (#36173)
  * Add per-runner "Disable/Pause"  (#36776)
  * Feature non-zipped actions artifacts (action v7 / nodejs / npm v6.2.0) (#36786)
 * PERFORMANCE
  * WorkflowDispatch API optionally return runid (#36706)
  * Add render cache for SVG icons (#36863)
  * Load `mentionValues` asynchronously (#36739)
  * Lazy-load some Vue components, fix heatmap chunk loading on every page (#36719)
  * Load heatmap data asynchronously (#36622)
  * Use prev/next pagination for user profile activities page to speed up (#36642)
  * Refactor cat-file batch operations and support `--batch-command` approach (#35775)
  * Use merge tree to detect conflicts when possible (#36400)
 * ENHANCEMENTS
  * Implement logout redirection for reverse proxy auth setups (#36085) (#37171)
  * Adds option to force update new branch in contents routes (#35592)
  * Add viewer controller for mermaid (zoom, drag) (#36557)
  * Add code editor setting dropdowns (#36534)
  * Add `elk` layout support to mermaid (#36486)
  * Add resolve/unresolve review comment API endpoints (#36441)
  * Allow configuring default PR base branch (fixes #36412) (#36425)
  * Add support for RPM Errata (updateinfo.xml) (#37125)
  * Require additional user confirmation for making repo private (#36959)
  * Add `actions.WORKFLOW_DIRS` setting (#36619)
  * Avoid opening new tab when downloading actions logs (#36740)
  * Implements OIDC RP-Initiated Logout (#36724)
  * Show workflow link (#37070)
  * Desaturate dark theme background colors (#37056)
  * Refactor "org teams" page and help new users to "add member" to an org (#37051)
  * Add webhook name field to improve webhook identification (#37025) (#37040)
  * Make task list checkboxes clickable in the preview tab (#37010)
  * Improve severity labels in Actions logs and tweak colors (#36993)
  * Linkify URLs in Actions workflow logs (#36986)
  * Allow text selection on checkbox labels (#36970)
  * Support dark/light theme images in markdown (#36922)
  * Enable native dark mode for swagger-ui (#36899)
  * Rework checkbox styling, remove `input` border hover effect (#36870)
  * Refactor storage content-type handling of ServeDirectURL (#36804)
  * Use "Enable Gravatar" but not "Disable" (#36771)
  * Use case-insensitive matching for Git error "Not a valid object name" (#36728)
  * Add "Copy Source" to markup comment menu (#36726)
  * Change image transparency grid to CSS (#36711)
  * Add "Run" prefix for unnamed action steps (#36624)
  * Persist actions log time display settings in `localStorage` (#36623)
  * Use first commit title for multi-commit PRs and fix auto-focus title field (#36606)
  * Improve BuildCaseInsensitiveLike with lowercase (#36598)
  * Improve diff highlighting (#36583)
  * Exclude cancelled runs from failure-only email notifications (#36569)
  * Use full-file highlighting for diff sections (#36561)
  * Color command/error logs in Actions log (#36538)
  * Add paging headers (#36521)
  * Improve timeline entries for WIP prefix changes in pull requests (#36518)
  * Add FOLDER_ICON_THEME configuration option (#36496)
  * Normalize guessed languages for code highlighting (#36450)
  * Add chunked transfer encoding support for LFS uploads (#36380)
  * Indicate when only optional checks failed (#36367)
  * Add 'allow_maintainer_edit' API option for creating a pull request (#36283)
  * Support closing keywords with URL references (#36221)
  * Improve diff file headers (#36215)
  * Fix and enhance comment editor monospace toggle (#36181)
  * Add git.DIFF_RENAME_SIMILARITY_THRESHOLD option (#36164)
  * Add matching pair insertion to markdown textarea (#36121)
  * Add sorting/filtering to admin user search API endpoint (#36112)
  * Allow action user have read permission in public repo like other user (#36095)
  * Disable matchBrackets in monaco (#36089)
  * Use GitHub-style commit message for squash merge (#35987)
  * Make composer registry support tar.gz and tar.bz2 and fix bugs (#35958)
  * Add GITEA_PR_INDEX env variable to githooks (#35938)
  * Add proper error message if session provider can not be created (#35520)
  * Add button to copy file name in PR files (#35509)
  * Move `X_FRAME_OPTIONS` setting from `cors` to `security` section (#30256)
  * Add placeholder content for empty content page (#37114)
  * Add `DEFAULT_DELETE_BRANCH_AFTER_MERGE` setting (#36917)
  * Redirect to the only OAuth2 provider when no other login methods and fix various problems (#36901)
  * Add admin badge to navbar avatar (#36790)
  * Add `never` option to `PUBLIC_URL_DETECTION` configuration (#36785)
  * Add background and run count to actions list page (#36707)
  * Add icon to buttons "Close with Comment", "Close Pull Request", "Close Issue" (#36654)
  * Add support for in_progress event in workflow_run webhook (#36979)
  * Report commit status for pull_request_review events (#36589)
  * Render merged pull request title as such in dashboard feed (#36479)
  * Feature to be able to filter project boards by milestones (#36321)
  * Use user id in noreply emails (#36550)
  * Enable pagination on GiteaDownloader.getIssueReactions() (#36549)
  * Remove striped tables in UI (#36509)
  * Improve control char rendering and escape button styling (#37094)
  * Support legacy run/job index-based URLs and refactor migration 326 (#37008)
  * Add date to "No Contributions" tooltip (#36190)
  * Show edit page confirmation dialog on tree view file change (#36130)
  * Mention proc-receive in text for dashboard.resync_all_hooks func (#35991)
  * Reuse selectable style for wiki (#35990)
  * Support blue yellow colorblind theme (#35910)
  * Support selecting theme on the footer (#35741)
  * Improve online runner check (#35722)
  * Add quick approve button on PR page (#35678)
  * Enable commenting on expanded lines in PR diffs (#35662)
  * Print PR-Title into tooltip for actions (#35579)
  * Use explicit, stronger defaults for newly generated repo signing keys for Debian (#36236)
  * Improve the compare page (#36261)
  * Unify repo names in system notices (#36491)
  * Move package settings to package instead of being tied to version (#37026)
  * Add Actions API rerun endpoints for runs and jobs (#36768)
  * Add branch_count to repository API (#35351) (#36743)
  * Add created_by filter to SearchIssues (#36670)
  * Allow admins to rename non-local users (#35970)
  * Support updating branch via API (#35951)
  * Add an option to automatically verify SSH keys from LDAP (#35927)
  * Make "update file" API can create a new file when SHA is not set (#35738)
  * Update issue.go with labels documentation (labels content, not ids) (#35522)
  * Expose content_version for optimistic locking on issue and PR edits (#37035)
  * Pass ServeHeaderOptions by value instead of pointer, fine tune httplib tests (#36982)
 * BUGFIXES
  * Frontend iframe renderer framework: 3D models, OpenAPI (#37233) (#37273)
  * Fix CODEOWNERS absolute path matching. (#37244) (#37264)
  * Swift registry metadata: preserve more JSON fields and accept empty metadata (#37254) (#37261)
  * Fix user ssh key exporting and tests (#37256) (#37258)
  * Fix team member avatar size and add tooltip (#37253)
  * Fix commit title rendering in action run and blame (#37243) (#37251)
  * Fix corrupted JSON caused by goccy library (#37214) (#37220)
  * Add test for "fetch redirect", add CSS value validation for external render (#37207) (#37216)
  * Fix incorrect concurrency check (#37205) (#37215)
  * Fix handle missing base branch in PR commits API (#37193) (#37203)
  * Fix encoding for Matrix Webhooks (#37190) (#37201)
  * Fix handle fork-only commits in compare API (#37185) (#37199)
  * Indicate form field readonly via background, fix RunUser config (#37175, #37180) (#37178)
  * Report structurally invalid workflows to users (#37116) (#37164)
  * Fix API not persisting pull request unit config when has_pull_requests is not set (#36718)
  * Rename CSS variables and improve colorblind themes (#36353)
  * Hide `add-matcher` and `remove-matcher` from actions job logs (#36520)
  * Prevent navigation keys from triggering actions during IME composition (#36540)
  * Fix vertical alignment of `.commit-sign-badge` children (#36570)
  * Fix duplicate startup warnings in admin panel (#36641)
  * Fix CODEOWNERS review request attribution using comment metadata (#36348)
  * Fix HTML tags appearing in wiki table of contents (#36284)
  * Fix various bugs (#37096)
  * Fix various legacy problems (#37092)
  * Fix RPM Registry 404 when package name contains 'package' (#37087)
  * Merge some standalone Vite entries into index.js (#37085)
  * Fix various problems (#37077)
  * Fix issue label deletion with Actions tokens (#37013)
  * Hide delete branch or tag buttons in mirror or archived repositories. (#37006)
  * Fix org contact email not clearable once set (#36975)
  * Fix a bug when forking a repository in an organization (#36950)
  * Preserve sort order of exclusive labels from template repo (#36931)
  * Make container registry support Apple Container (basic auth) (#36920)
  * Fix the wrong push commits in the pull request when force push (#36914)
  * Add class "list-header-filters" to the div for projects (#36889)
  * Fix dbfs error handling (#36844)
  * Fix incorrect viewed files counter if reverted change was viewed (#36819)
  * Refactor avatar package, support default avatar fallback (#36788)
  * Fix README symlink resolution in subdirectories like .github (#36775)
  * Fix CSS stacking context issue in actions log (#36749)
  * Add gpg signing for merge rebase and update by rebase (#36701)
  * Delete non-exist branch should return 404 (#36694)
  * Fix `TestActionsCollaborativeOwner` (#36657)
  * Fix multi-arch Docker build SIGILL by splitting frontend stage (#36646)
  * Fix linguist-detectable attribute being ignored for configuration files (#36640)
  * Fix state desync in ComboMarkdownEditor (#36625)
  * Unify DEFAULT_SHOW_FULL_NAME output in templates and dropdown (#36597)
  * Pull Request Pusher should be the author of the merge (#36581)
  * Fix various version parsing problems (#36553)
  * Fix highlight diff result (#36539)
  * Fix mirror sync parser and fix mirror messages (#36504)
  * Fix bug when list pull request commits (#36485)
  * Fix various bugs (#36446)
  * Fix issue filter menu layout (#36426)
  * Restrict branch naming when new change matches with protection rules (#36405)
  * Fix link/origin referrer and login redirect (#36279)
  * Generate IDs for HTML headings without id attribute (#36233)
  * Use a migration test instead of a wrong test which populated the meta test repositories and fix a migration bug (#36160)
  * Fix issue close timeline icon (#36138)
  * Fix diff blob excerpt expansion (#35922)
  * Fix external render (#35727)
  * Fix review request webhook bug (#35339) (#35723)
  * Fix shutdown waitgroup panic (#35676)
  * Cleanup ActionRun creation (#35624)
  * Fix possible bug when migrating issues/pull requests (#33487)
  * Various fixes (#36697)
  * Apply notify/register mail flags during install load (#37120)
  * Repair duration display for bad stopped timestamps (#37121)
  * Fix(upgrade.sh): use HTTPS for GPG key import and restore SELinux context after upgrade (#36930)
  * Fix various trivial problems (#36921)
  * Fix various trivial problems (#36953)
  * Fix NuGet package upload error handling (#37074)
  * Fix CodeQL code scanning alerts (#36858)
  * Refactor issue sidebar and fix various problems (#37045)
  * Fix various problems (#37029)
  * Fix relative-time RangeError (#37021)
  * Fix chroma lexer mapping (#36629)
  * Fix typos and grammar in English locale (#36751)
  * Fix milestone/project text overflow in issue sidebar (#36741)
  * Fix `no-content` message not rendering after comment edit (#36733)
  * Fix theme loading in development (#36605)
  * Fix workflow run jobs API returning null steps (#36603)
  * Fix timeline event layout overflow with long content (#36595)
  * Fix minor UI issues in runner edit page (#36590)
  * Fix incorrect vendored detections (#36508)
  * Fix editorconfig not respected in PR Conversation view (#36492)
  * Don't create self-references in merged PRs (#36490)
  * Fix potential incorrect runID in run status update (#36437)
  * Fix file-tree ui error when adding files to repo without commits (#36312)
  * Improve image captcha contrast for dark mode (#36265)
  * Fix panic in blame view when a file has only a single commit (#36230)
  * Fix spelling error in migrate-storage cmd utility (#36226)
  * Fix code highlighting on blame page (#36157)
  * Fix nilnil in onedev downloader (#36154)
  * Fix actions lint (#36029)
  * Fix oauth2 session gob register (#36017)
  * Fix Arch repo pacman.conf snippet (#35825)
  * Fix a number of `strictNullChecks`-related issues (#35795)
  * Fix URLJoin, markup render link reoslving, sign-in/up/linkaccount page common data (#36861)
  * Hide delete directory button for mirror or archive repository and disable the menu item if user have no permission (#36384)
  * Update message severity colors, fix navbar double border (#37019)
  * Inline and lazy-load EasyMDE CSS, fix border colors (#36714)
  * Closed milestones with no issues now show as 100% completed (#36220)
  * Add test for ExtendCommentTreePathLength migration and fix bugs (#35791)
  * Only turn links to current instance into hash links (#36237)
  * Fix typos in code comments: doesnt, dont, wont (#36890)
 * REFACTOR
  * Clean up and improve non-gitea js error filter (#37148) (#37155)
  * Always show owner/repo name in compare page dropdowns (#37172) (#37200)
  * Remove dead CSS rules (#37173) (#37177)
  * Replace Monaco with CodeMirror (#36764)
  * Replace CSRF cookie with `CrossOriginProtection` (#36183)
  * Replace index with id in actions routes (#36842)
  * Remove unnecessary function parameter (#35765)
  * Move jobparser from act repository to Gitea (#36699)
  * Refactor compare router param parse (#36105)
  * Optimize 'refreshAccesses' to perform update without removing then adding (#35702)
  * Clean up checkbox cursor styles (#37016)
  * Remove undocumented support of signing key in the repository git configuration file (#36143)
  * Switch `cmd/` to use constructor functions. (#36962)
  * Use `relative-time` to render absolute dates (#36238)
  * Some refactors about GetMergeBase (#36186)
  * Some small refactors (#36163)
  * Use gitRepo as parameter instead of repopath when invoking sign functions (#36162)
  * Move blame to gitrepo (#36161)
  * Move some functions to gitrepo package to reduce RepoPath reference directly (#36126)
  * Use gitrepo's clone and push when possible (#36093)
  * Remove mermaid margin workaround (#35732)
  * Move some functions to gitrepo package (#35543)
  * Move GetDiverging functions to gitrepo (#35524)
  * Use global lock instead of status pool for cron lock (#35507)
  * Use explicit mux instead of DefaultServeMux (#36276)
  * Use gitrepo's push function (#36245)
  * Pass request context to generateAdditionalHeadersForIssue (#36274)
  * Move assign project when creating pull request to the same database transaction (#36244)
  * Move catfile batch to a sub package of git module (#36232)
  * Use gitrepo.Repository instead of wikipath (#35398)
  * Use experimental go json v2 library (#35392)
  * Refactor template render (#36438)
  * Refactor GetRepoRawDiffForFile to avoid unnecessary pipe or goroutine (#36434)
  * Refactor text utility classes to Tailwind CSS (#36703)
  * Refactor git command stdio pipe (#36422)
  * Refactor git command context & pipeline (#36406)
  * Refactor git command stdio pipe (#36393)
  * Remove unused functions (#36672)
  * Refactor Actions Token Access (#35688)
  * Move commit related functions to gitrepo package (#35600)
  * Move archive function to repo_model and gitrepo (#35514)
  * Move some functions to gitrepo package (#35503)
  * Use git model to detect whether branch exist instead of gitrepo method (#35459)
  * Some refactor for repo path (#36251)
  * Extract helper functions from SearchIssues (#36158)
  * Refactor merge conan and container auth preserve actions taskID (#36560)
  * Refactor Nuget Auth to reuse Basic Auth Token Validation (#36558)
  * Refactor ActionsTaskID (#36503)
  * Refactor auth middleware (#36848)
  * Refactor code render and render control chars (#37078)
  * Clean up AppURL, remove legacy origin-url webcomponent (#37090)
  * Remove `util.URLJoin` and replace all callers with direct path concatenation (#36867)
  * Replace legacy tw-flex utility classes with flex-text-block/inline (#36778)
  * Mark unused&immature activitypub as "not implemented" (#36789)
 * TESTING
  * Add e2e tests for server push events (#36879)
  * Rework e2e tests (#36634)
  * Add e2e reaction test, improve accessibility, enable parallel testing (#37081)
  * Increase e2e test timeouts on CI to fix flaky tests (#37053)
 * BUILD
  * Upgrade go-git to v5.18.0 (#37269)
  * Replace rollup-plugin-license with rolldown-license-plugin (#37130) (#37158)
  * Bump min go version to 1.26.2 (#37139) (#37143)
  * Convert locale files from ini to json format (#35489)
  * Bump golangci-lint to 2.7.2, enable modernize stringsbuilder (#36180)
  * Port away from `flake-utils` (#35675)
  * Remove nolint (#36252)
  * Update the Unlicense copy to latest version (#36636)
  * Update to go 1.26.0 and golangci-lint 2.9.0 (#36588)
  * Replace `google/go-licenses` with custom generation (#36575)
  * Update go dependencies (#36548)
  * Bump appleboy/git-push-action from 1.0.0 to 1.2.0 (#36306)
  * Remove fomantic form module (#36222)
  * Bump setup-node to v6, re-enable cache (#36207)
  * Bump crowdin/github-action from 1 to 2 (#36204)
  * Revert "Bump alpine to 3.23 (#36185)" (#36202)
  * Update chroma to v2.21.1 (#36201)
  * Bump astral-sh/setup-uv from 6 to 7 (#36198)
  * Bump docker/build-push-action from 5 to 6 (#36197)
  * Bump aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials from 4 to 5 (#36196)
  * Bump dev-hanz-ops/install-gh-cli-action from 0.1.0 to 0.2.1 (#36195)
  * Add JSON linting (#36192)
  * Enable dependabot for actions (#36191)
  * Bump alpine to 3.23 (#36185)
  * Update chroma to v2.21.0 (#36171)
  * Update JS deps and eslint enhancements (#36147)
  * Update JS deps (#36091)
  * update golangci-lint to v2.7.0 (#36079)
  * Update JS deps, fix deprecations (#36040)
  * Update JS deps (#35978)
  * Add toolchain directive to go.mod (#35901)
  * Move `gitea-vet` to use `go tool` (#35878)
  * Update to go 1.25.4 (#35877)
  * Enable TypeScript `strictNullChecks` (#35843)
  * Enable `vue/require-typed-ref` eslint rule (#35764)
  * Update JS dependencies (#35759)
  * Move `codeformat` folder to tools (#35758)
  * Update dependencies (#35733)
  * Bump happy-dom from 20.0.0 to 20.0.2 (#35677)
  * Bump setup-go to v6 (#35660)
  * Update JS deps, misc tweaks (#35643)
  * Bump happy-dom from 19.0.2 to 20.0.0 (#35625)
  * Use bundled version of spectral (#35573)
  * Update JS and PY deps (#35565)
  * Bump github.com/wneessen/go-mail from 0.6.2 to 0.7.1 (#35557)
  * Migrate from webpack to vite (#37002)
  * Update JS dependencies and misc tweaks (#37064)
  * Update to eslint 10 (#36925)
  * Optimize Docker build with dependency layer caching (#36864)
  * Update JS deps (#36850)
  * Update tool dependencies and fix new lint issues (#36702)
  * Remove redundant linter rules (#36658)
  * Move Fomantic dropdown CSS to custom module (#36530)
  * Remove and forbid `@ts-expect-error` (#36513)
  * Refactor git command stderr handling (#36402)
  * Enable gocheckcompilerdirectives linter (#36156)
  * Replace `lint-go-gopls` with additional `govet` linters (#36028)
  * Update golangci-lint to v2.6.0 (#35801)
  * Misc tool tweaks (#35734)
  * Add cache to container build (#35697)
  * Upgrade vite (#37126)
  * Update `setup-uv` to v8.0.0 (#37101)
  * Upgrade `go-git` to v5.17.2 and related dependencies (#37060)
  * Raise minimum Node.js version to 22.18.0 (#37058)
  * Upgrade `golang.org/x/image` to v0.38.0 (#37054)
  * Update minimum go version to 1.26.1, golangci-lint to 2.11.2, fix test style (#36876)
  * Enable eslint concurrency (#36878)
  * Vendor relative-time-element as local web component (#36853)
  * Update material-icon-theme v5.32.0 (#36832)
  * Update Go dependencies (#36781)
  * Upgrade minimatch (#36760)
  * Remove i18n backport tool at the moment because of translation format changed (#36643)
  * Update emoji data for Unicode 16 (#36596)
  * Update JS dependencies, adjust webpack config, misc fixes (#36431)
  * Update material-icon-theme to v5.31.0 (#36427)
  * Update JS and PY deps (#36383)
  * Bump alpine to 3.23, add platforms to `docker-dryrun` (#36379)
  * Update JS deps (#36354)
  * Update goldmark to v1.7.16 (#36343)
  * Update chroma to v2.22.0 (#36342)
 * DOCS
  * Update AI Contribution Policy (#37022)
  * Update AGENTS.md with additional guidelines (#37018)
  * Add missing cron tasks to example ini (#37012)
  * Add AI Contribution Policy to CONTRIBUTING.md (#36651)
  * Minor punctuation improvement in CONTRIBUTING.md (#36291)
  * Add documentation for markdown anchor post-processing (#36443)
 * MISC
  * Correct spelling (#36783)
  * Update Nix flake (#37110)
  * Update Nix flake (#37024)
  * Add valid github scopes (#36977)
  * Update Nix flake (#36943)
  * Update Nix flake (#36902)
  * Update Nix flake (#36857)
  * Update Nix flake (#36787)
 ## [1.25.5](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.25.5) - 2026-03-10
 * SECURITY
  * Toolchain Update to Go 1.25.6 (#36480) (#36487)
  * Adjust the toolchain version (#36537) (#36542)
  * Update toolchain to 1.25.8 for v1.25 (#36888)
  * Prevent redirect bypasses via backslash-encoded paths (#36660) (#36716)
  * Fix get release draft permission check (#36659) (#36715)
  * Fix a bug user could change another user's primary email (#36586) (#36607)
  * Fix OAuth2 authorization code expiry and reuse handling (#36797) (#36851)
  * Add validation constraints for repository creation fields (#36671) (#36757)
  * Fix bug to check whether user can update pull request branch or rebase branch (#36465) (#36838)
  * Add migration http transport for push/sync mirror lfs (#36665) (#36691)
  * Fix track time list permission check (#36662) (#36744)
  * Fix track time issue id (#36664) (#36689)
  * Fix path resolving (#36734) (#36746)
  * Fix dump release asset bug (#36799) (#36839)
  * Fix org permission API visibility checks for hidden members and private orgs (#36798) (#36841)
  * Fix forwarded proto handling for public URL detection (#36810) (#36836)
  * Add a git grep search timeout (#36809) (#36835)
  * Fix oauth2 s256 (#36462) (#36477)
 * ENHANCEMENTS
  * Make `security-check` informational only (#36681) (#36852)
  * Upgrade to github.com/cloudflare/circl 1.6.3, svgo 4.0.1, markdownlint-cli 0.48.0 (#36840)
  * Add some validation on values provided to USER_DISABLED_FEATURES and EXTERNAL_USER_DISABLED_FEATURES (#36688) (#36692)
  * Upgrade gogit to 5.16.5 (#36687)
  * Add wrap to runner label list (#36565) (#36574)
  * Add dnf5 command for Fedora in RPM package instructions (#36527) (#36572)
  * Allow scroll propagation outside code editor (#36502) (#36510)
 * BUGFIXES
  * Fix non-admins unable to automerge PRs from forks (#36833) (#36843)
  * Fix bug when pushing mirror with wiki (#36795) (#36807)
  * Fix artifacts v4 backend upload problems (#36805) (#36834)
  * Fix CRAN package version validation to allow more than 4 version components (#36813) (#36821)
  * Fix force push time-line commit comments of pull request (#36653) (#36717)
  * Fix SVG height calculation in diff viewer (#36748) (#36750)
  * Fix push time bug (#36693) (#36713)
  * Fix bug the protected branch rule name is conflicted with renamed branch name (#36650) (#36661)
  * Fix bug when do LFS GC (#36500) (#36608)
  * Fix focus lost bugs in the Monaco editor (#36609)
  * Reprocess htmx content after loading more files (#36568) (#36577)
  * Fix assignee sidebar links and empty placeholder (#36559) (#36563)
  * Fix issues filter dropdown showing empty label scope section (#36535) (#36544)
  * Fix various mermaid bugs (#36547) (#36552)
  * Fix data race when uploading container blobs concurrently (#36524) (#36526)
  * Correct spacing between username and bot label (#36473) (#36484)
 ## [1.25.4](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.25.4) - 2026-01-15
 * SECURITY
  * Release attachments must belong to the intended repo (#36347) (#36375)
@@ -20,7 +551,8 @@ been added to each release, please refer to the [blog](https://blog.gitea.com).
  * Add more routes to the "expensive" list (#36290)
  * Make "commit statuses" API accept slashes in "ref" (#36264) (#36275)
 * BUGFIXES
-  * Fix markdown newline handling during IME composition (#36421) #36424
+  * Fix git http service handling (#36396)
  * Fix markdown newline handling during IME composition (#36421) (#36424)
  * Fix missing repository id when migrating release attachments (#36389)
  * Fix bug when compare in the pull request (#36363) (#36372)
  * Fix incorrect text content detection (#36364) (#36369)
@@ -35,7 +567,7 @@ been added to each release, please refer to the [blog](https://blog.gitea.com).
  * Fix regression in writing authorized principals (#36213) (#36218)
  * Fix WebAuthn error checking (#36219) (#36235)
-## [1.25.3](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/1.25.3) - 2025-12-17
+## [1.25.3](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.25.3) - 2025-12-17
 * SECURITY
  * Bump toolchain to go1.25.5, misc fixes (#36082)
@@ -62,7 +594,7 @@ been added to each release, please refer to the [blog](https://blog.gitea.com).
  * Fix error handling in mailer and wiki services (#36041) (#36053)
  * Fix bugs when comparing and creating pull request (#36166) (#36144)
-## [1.25.2](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/1.25.2) - 2025-11-23
+## [1.25.2](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.25.2) - 2025-11-23
 * SECURITY
  * Upgrade golang.org/x/crypto to 0.45.0 (#35985) (#35988)
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
@AGENTS.md
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 - [Contribution Guidelines](#contribution-guidelines)
  - [Introduction](#introduction)
  - [AI Contribution Policy](#ai-contribution-policy)
  - [Issues](#issues)
    - [How to report issues](#how-to-report-issues)
    - [Types of issues](#types-of-issues)
@@ -67,6 +68,21 @@ Sensitive security-related issues should be reported to [security@gitea.io](mail
 For configuring IDEs for Gitea development, see the [contributed IDE configurations](contrib/ide/).
 ## AI Contribution Policy
 Contributions made with the assistance of AI tools are welcome, but contributors must use them responsibly and disclose that use clearly.
 1. Review AI-generated code closely before marking a pull request ready for review.
 2. Manually test the changes and add appropriate automated tests where feasible.
 3. Only use AI to assist in contributions that you understand well enough to explain, defend, and revise yourself during review.
 4. Disclose AI-assisted content clearly.
 5. Do not use AI to reply to questions about your issue or pull request. The questions are for you, not an AI model.
 6. AI may be used to help draft issues and pull requests, but contributors remain responsible for the accuracy, completeness, and intent of what they submit.
 Maintainers reserve the right to close pull requests and issues that do not disclose AI assistance, that appear to be low-quality AI-generated content, or where the contributor cannot explain or defend the proposed changes themselves.
 We welcome new contributors, but cannot sustain the effort of supporting contributors who primarily defer to AI rather than engaging substantively with the review process.
 ## Issues
 ### How to report issues
@@ -80,7 +96,7 @@ The more detailed and specific you are, the faster we can fix the issue. \
 It is really helpful if you can reproduce your problem on a site running on the latest commits, i.e. <https://demo.gitea.com>, as perhaps your problem has already been fixed on a current version. \
 Please follow the guidelines described in [How to Report Bugs Effectively](http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html) for your report.
-Please be kind, remember that Gitea comes at no cost to you, and you're getting free help.
+Please be kind—remember that Gitea comes at no cost to you, and you're getting free help.
 ### Types of issues
@@ -166,24 +182,32 @@ Here's how to run the test suite:
 - code lint
-|                       |                                                                   |
+|                       |                                                                              |
-| :-------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| :-------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 |``make lint``          | lint everything (not needed if you only change the front- **or** backend)    |
-|``make lint-frontend`` | lint frontend files  |
+|``make lint-frontend`` | lint frontend files                                                          |
-|``make lint-backend``  | lint backend files   |
+|``make lint-backend``  | lint backend files                                                           |
 - run tests (we suggest running them on Linux)
-|  Command                               | Action                                           |              |
+|  Command                                    | Action                                                   |                                             |
-| :------------------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------- | ------------ |
+| :------------------------------------------ | :------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
-|``make test[\#SpecificTestName]``       |  run unit test(s)  | |
+|``make test[\#SpecificTestName]``            |  run unit test(s)                                        |                                             |
-|``make test-sqlite[\#SpecificTestName]``|  run [integration](tests/integration) test(s) for SQLite |[More details](tests/integration/README.md)  |
+|``make test-sqlite[\#SpecificTestName]``     |  run [integration](tests/integration) test(s) for SQLite | [More details](tests/integration/README.md) |
-|``make test-e2e-sqlite[\#SpecificTestName]``|  run [end-to-end](tests/e2e) test(s) for SQLite |[More details](tests/e2e/README.md)  |
+|``make test-e2e``                            |  run [end-to-end](tests/e2e) test(s) using Playwright    |                                             |
 - E2E test environment variables
 | Variable                          | Description                                                 |
 | :-------------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------- |
 | ``GITEA_TEST_E2E_DEBUG``          | When set, show Gitea server output                          |
 | ``GITEA_TEST_E2E_FLAGS``          | Additional flags passed to Playwright, for example ``--ui`` |
 | ``GITEA_TEST_E2E_TIMEOUT_FACTOR`` | Timeout multiplier (default: 3 on CI, 1 locally)            |
 ## Translation
 All translation work happens on [Crowdin](https://translate.gitea.com).
-The only translation that is maintained in this repository is [the English translation](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/blob/main/options/locale/locale_en-US.ini).
+The only translation that is maintained in this repository is [the English translation](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/blob/main/options/locale/locale_en-US.json).
 It is synced regularly with Crowdin. \
 Other locales on main branch **should not** be updated manually as they will be overwritten with each sync. \
 Once a language has reached a **satisfactory percentage** of translated keys (~25%), it will be synced back into this repo and included in the next released version.
@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
-# Build stage
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
-FROM docker.io/library/golang:1.25-alpine3.22 AS build-env
+# Build frontend on the native platform to avoid QEMU-related issues with nodejs ecosystem
 FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM docker.io/library/golang:1.26-alpine3.23 AS frontend-build
 RUN apk --no-cache add build-base git nodejs pnpm
 WORKDIR /src
 COPY package.json pnpm-lock.yaml .npmrc ./
 RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.local/share/pnpm/store pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
 COPY --exclude=.git/ . .
 RUN make frontend
-ARG GOPROXY
+# Build backend for each target platform
-ENV GOPROXY=${GOPROXY:-direct}
+FROM docker.io/library/golang:1.26-alpine3.23 AS build-env
 ARG GITEA_VERSION
 ARG TAGS="sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify"
@@ -12,37 +19,32 @@ ARG CGO_EXTRA_CFLAGS
 # Build deps
 RUN apk --no-cache add \
    build-base \
-    git \
+    git
    nodejs \
    npm \
    && npm install -g pnpm@10 \
    && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
 # Setup repo
 COPY . ${GOPATH}/src/code.gitea.io/gitea
 WORKDIR ${GOPATH}/src/code.gitea.io/gitea
 COPY go.mod go.sum ./
 RUN go mod download
 # Use COPY instead of bind mount as read-only one breaks makefile state tracking and read-write one needs binary to be moved as it's discarded.
 # ".git" directory is mounted separately later only for version data extraction.
 COPY --exclude=.git/ . .
 COPY --from=frontend-build /src/public/assets public/assets
-# Checkout version if set
+# Build gitea, .git mount is required for version data
-RUN if [ -n "${GITEA_VERSION}" ]; then git checkout "${GITEA_VERSION}"; fi \
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target="/root/.cache/go-build" \
- && make clean-all build
+    --mount=type=bind,source=".git/",target=".git/" \
    make backend
 # Begin env-to-ini build
 RUN go build contrib/environment-to-ini/environment-to-ini.go
 # Copy local files
 COPY docker/root /tmp/local
-# Set permissions
+# Set permissions for builds that made under windows which strips the executable bit from file
 RUN chmod 755 /tmp/local/usr/bin/entrypoint \
-              /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/gitea \
+              /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/* \
              /tmp/local/etc/s6/gitea/* \
              /tmp/local/etc/s6/openssh/* \
              /tmp/local/etc/s6/.s6-svscan/* \
-              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea \
+              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea
              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/environment-to-ini
-FROM docker.io/library/alpine:3.22
+FROM docker.io/library/alpine:3.23 AS gitea
 LABEL maintainer="maintainers@gitea.io"
 EXPOSE 22 3000
@@ -57,8 +59,7 @@ RUN apk --no-cache add \
    s6 \
    sqlite \
    su-exec \
-    gnupg \
+    gnupg
    && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
 RUN addgroup \
    -S -g 1000 \
@@ -72,14 +73,14 @@ RUN addgroup \
    git && \
  echo "git:*" | chpasswd -e
 COPY --from=build-env /tmp/local /
 COPY --from=build-env /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea /app/gitea/gitea
 ENV USER=git
 ENV GITEA_CUSTOM=/data/gitea
 VOLUME ["/data"]
 # HINT: HEALTH-CHECK-ENDPOINT: don't use HEALTHCHECK, search this hint keyword for more information
 ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/entrypoint"]
 CMD ["/usr/bin/s6-svscan", "/etc/s6"]
 COPY --from=build-env /tmp/local /
 COPY --from=build-env /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea /app/gitea/gitea
 COPY --from=build-env /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/environment-to-ini /usr/local/bin/environment-to-ini
@@ -1,46 +1,45 @@
-# Build stage
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
-FROM docker.io/library/golang:1.25-alpine3.22 AS build-env
+# Build frontend on the native platform to avoid QEMU-related issues with nodejs ecosystem
 FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM docker.io/library/golang:1.26-alpine3.23 AS frontend-build
 RUN apk --no-cache add build-base git nodejs pnpm
 WORKDIR /src
 COPY package.json pnpm-lock.yaml .npmrc ./
 RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.local/share/pnpm/store pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
 COPY --exclude=.git/ . .
 RUN make frontend
-ARG GOPROXY
+# Build backend for each target platform
-ENV GOPROXY=${GOPROXY:-direct}
+FROM docker.io/library/golang:1.26-alpine3.23 AS build-env
 ARG GITEA_VERSION
 ARG TAGS="sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify"
 ENV TAGS="bindata timetzdata $TAGS"
 ARG CGO_EXTRA_CFLAGS
-#Build deps
+# Build deps
 RUN apk --no-cache add \
    build-base \
-    git \
+    git
    nodejs \
    npm \
    && npm install -g pnpm@10 \
    && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
 # Setup repo
 COPY . ${GOPATH}/src/code.gitea.io/gitea
 WORKDIR ${GOPATH}/src/code.gitea.io/gitea
 COPY go.mod go.sum ./
 RUN go mod download
 # See the comments in Dockerfile
 COPY --exclude=.git/ . .
 COPY --from=frontend-build /src/public/assets public/assets
-# Checkout version if set
+# Build gitea, .git mount is required for version data
-RUN if [ -n "${GITEA_VERSION}" ]; then git checkout "${GITEA_VERSION}"; fi \
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target="/root/.cache/go-build" \
- && make clean-all build
+    --mount=type=bind,source=".git/",target=".git/" \
    make backend
 # Begin env-to-ini build
 RUN go build contrib/environment-to-ini/environment-to-ini.go
 # Copy local files
 COPY docker/rootless /tmp/local
-# Set permissions
+# Set permissions for builds that made under windows which strips the executable bit from file
-RUN chmod 755 /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh \
+RUN chmod 755 /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/* \
-              /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/docker-setup.sh \
+              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea
              /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/gitea \
              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea \
              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/environment-to-ini
-FROM docker.io/library/alpine:3.22
+FROM docker.io/library/alpine:3.23 AS gitea-rootless
 LABEL maintainer="maintainers@gitea.io"
 EXPOSE 2222 3000
@@ -52,8 +51,7 @@ RUN apk --no-cache add \
    git \
    curl \
    gnupg \
-    openssh-keygen \
+    openssh-keygen
    && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
 RUN addgroup \
    -S -g 1000 \
@@ -71,7 +69,6 @@ RUN chown git:git /var/lib/gitea /etc/gitea
 COPY --from=build-env /tmp/local /
 COPY --from=build-env --chown=root:root /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea /app/gitea/gitea
 COPY --from=build-env --chown=root:root /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/environment-to-ini /usr/local/bin/environment-to-ini
 # git:git
 USER 1000:1000
@@ -86,5 +83,6 @@ ENV HOME="/var/lib/gitea/git"
 VOLUME ["/var/lib/gitea", "/etc/gitea"]
 WORKDIR /var/lib/gitea
 # HINT: HEALTH-CHECK-ENDPOINT: don't use HEALTHCHECK, search this hint keyword for more information
 ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/dumb-init", "--", "/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh"]
 CMD []
@@ -64,3 +64,4 @@ metiftikci <metiftikci@hotmail.com> (@metiftikci)
 Christopher Homberger <christopher.homberger@web.de> (@ChristopherHX)
 Tobias Balle-Petersen <tobiasbp@gmail.com> (@tobiasbp)
 TheFox <thefox0x7@gmail.com> (@TheFox0x7)
 Nicolas <bircni@icloud.com> (@bircni)
@@ -1,22 +1,9 @@
 ifeq ($(USE_REPO_TEST_DIR),1)
 # This rule replaces the whole Makefile when we're trying to use /tmp repository temporary files
 location = $(CURDIR)/$(word $(words $(MAKEFILE_LIST)),$(MAKEFILE_LIST))
 self := $(location)
 %:
 	@tmpdir=`mktemp --tmpdir -d` ; \
 	echo Using temporary directory $$tmpdir for test repositories ; \
 	USE_REPO_TEST_DIR= $(MAKE) -f $(self) --no-print-directory REPO_TEST_DIR=$$tmpdir/ $@ ; \
 	STATUS=$$? ; rm -r "$$tmpdir" ; exit $$STATUS
 else
 # This is the "normal" part of the Makefile
 DIST := dist
 DIST_DIRS := $(DIST)/binaries $(DIST)/release
-IMPORT := code.gitea.io/gitea
+
 # By default use go's 1.25 experimental json v2 library when building
 # TODO: remove when no longer experimental
 export GOEXPERIMENT ?= jsonv2
 GO ?= go
 SHASUM ?= shasum -a 256
@@ -27,17 +14,14 @@ XGO_VERSION := go-1.25.x
 AIR_PACKAGE ?= github.com/air-verse/air@v1
 EDITORCONFIG_CHECKER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/editorconfig-checker/editorconfig-checker/v3/cmd/editorconfig-checker@v3
-GOFUMPT_PACKAGE ?= mvdan.cc/gofumpt@v0.9.1
+GOFUMPT_PACKAGE ?= mvdan.cc/gofumpt@v0.9.2
-GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@v2.4.0
+GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@v2.11.4
 GXZ_PACKAGE ?= github.com/ulikunitz/xz/cmd/gxz@v0.5.15
-MISSPELL_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/misspell/cmd/misspell@v0.7.0
+MISSPELL_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/misspell/cmd/misspell@v0.8.0
-SWAGGER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/go-swagger/go-swagger/cmd/swagger@717e3cb29becaaf00e56953556c6d80f8a01b286
+SWAGGER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/go-swagger/go-swagger/cmd/swagger@v0.33.1
 XGO_PACKAGE ?= src.techknowlogick.com/xgo@latest
 GO_LICENSES_PACKAGE ?= github.com/google/go-licenses@v1
 GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE ?= golang.org/x/vuln/cmd/govulncheck@v1
-ACTIONLINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/rhysd/actionlint/cmd/actionlint@v1.7.8
+ACTIONLINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/rhysd/actionlint/cmd/actionlint@v1.7.11
 GOPLS_PACKAGE ?= golang.org/x/tools/gopls@v0.20.0
 GOPLS_MODERNIZE_PACKAGE ?= golang.org/x/tools/gopls/internal/analysis/modernize/cmd/modernize@v0.20.0
 DOCKER_IMAGE ?= gitea/gitea
 DOCKER_TAG ?= latest
@@ -69,9 +53,11 @@ endif
 ifeq ($(IS_WINDOWS),yes)
 	GOFLAGS := -v -buildmode=exe
 	EXECUTABLE ?= gitea.exe
 	EXECUTABLE_E2E ?= gitea-e2e.exe
 else
 	GOFLAGS := -v
 	EXECUTABLE ?= gitea
 	EXECUTABLE_E2E ?= gitea-e2e
 endif
 ifeq ($(shell sed --version 2>/dev/null | grep -q GNU && echo gnu),gnu)
@@ -82,7 +68,6 @@ endif
 EXTRA_GOFLAGS ?=
 MAKE_VERSION := $(shell "$(MAKE)" -v | cat | head -n 1)
 MAKE_EVIDENCE_DIR := .make_evidence
 GOTESTFLAGS ?=
@@ -96,15 +81,6 @@ STORED_VERSION_FILE := VERSION
 GITHUB_REF_TYPE ?= branch
 GITHUB_REF_NAME ?= $(shell git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)
 # Enable typescript support in Node.js before 22.18
 # TODO: Remove this once we can raise the minimum Node.js version to 22.18 (alpine >= 3.23)
 NODE_VERSION := $(shell printf "%03d%03d%03d" $(shell node -v 2>/dev/null | cut -c2- | tr '.' ' '))
 ifeq ($(shell test "$(NODE_VERSION)" -lt "022018000"; echo $$?),0)
 	NODE_VARS := NODE_OPTIONS="--experimental-strip-types"
 else
 	NODE_VARS :=
 endif
 ifneq ($(GITHUB_REF_TYPE),branch)
 	VERSION ?= $(subst v,,$(GITHUB_REF_NAME))
 	GITEA_VERSION ?= $(VERSION)
@@ -128,17 +104,18 @@ ifeq ($(VERSION),main)
 	VERSION := main-nightly
 endif
-LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS) -X "main.MakeVersion=$(MAKE_VERSION)" -X "main.Version=$(GITEA_VERSION)" -X "main.Tags=$(TAGS)"
+LDFLAGS := $(LDFLAGS) -X "main.Version=$(GITEA_VERSION)" -X "main.Tags=$(TAGS)"
 LINUX_ARCHS ?= linux/amd64,linux/386,linux/arm-5,linux/arm-6,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64
-GO_TEST_PACKAGES ?= $(filter-out $(shell $(GO) list code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/...) code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration/migration-test code.gitea.io/gitea/tests code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/e2e,$(shell $(GO) list ./... | grep -v /vendor/))
+GO_TEST_PACKAGES ?= $(filter-out $(shell $(GO) list code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/...) code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration/migration-test code.gitea.io/gitea/tests code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration,$(shell $(GO) list ./... | grep -v /vendor/))
 MIGRATE_TEST_PACKAGES ?= $(shell $(GO) list code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/...)
-WEBPACK_SOURCES := $(shell find web_src/js web_src/css -type f)
+FRONTEND_SOURCES := $(shell find web_src/js web_src/css -type f)
-WEBPACK_CONFIGS := webpack.config.ts tailwind.config.ts
+FRONTEND_CONFIGS := vite.config.ts tailwind.config.ts
-WEBPACK_DEST := public/assets/js/index.js public/assets/css/index.css
+FRONTEND_DEST := public/assets/.vite/manifest.json
-WEBPACK_DEST_ENTRIES := public/assets/js public/assets/css public/assets/fonts
+FRONTEND_DEST_ENTRIES := public/assets/js public/assets/css public/assets/fonts public/assets/.vite
 FRONTEND_DEV_LOG_LEVEL ?= warn
 BINDATA_DEST_WILDCARD := modules/migration/bindata.* modules/public/bindata.* modules/options/bindata.* modules/templates/bindata.*
@@ -148,7 +125,6 @@ SVG_DEST_DIR := public/assets/img/svg
 AIR_TMP_DIR := .air
 GO_LICENSE_TMP_DIR := .go-licenses
 GO_LICENSE_FILE := assets/go-licenses.json
 TAGS ?=
@@ -157,24 +133,21 @@ TAGS_EVIDENCE := $(MAKE_EVIDENCE_DIR)/tags
 TEST_TAGS ?= $(TAGS_SPLIT) sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify
-TAR_EXCLUDES := .git data indexers queues log node_modules $(EXECUTABLE) $(DIST) $(MAKE_EVIDENCE_DIR) $(AIR_TMP_DIR) $(GO_LICENSE_TMP_DIR)
+TAR_EXCLUDES := .git data indexers queues log node_modules $(EXECUTABLE) $(DIST) $(MAKE_EVIDENCE_DIR) $(AIR_TMP_DIR)
-GO_DIRS := build cmd models modules routers services tests
+GO_DIRS := build cmd models modules routers services tests tools
 WEB_DIRS := web_src/js web_src/css
 ESLINT_FILES := web_src/js tools *.ts tests/e2e
 STYLELINT_FILES := web_src/css web_src/js/components/*.vue
-SPELLCHECK_FILES := $(GO_DIRS) $(WEB_DIRS) templates options/locale/locale_en-US.ini .github $(filter-out CHANGELOG.md, $(wildcard *.go *.md *.yml *.yaml *.toml)) $(filter-out tools/misspellings.csv, $(wildcard tools/*))
+SPELLCHECK_FILES := $(GO_DIRS) $(WEB_DIRS) templates options/locale/locale_en-US.json .github $(filter-out CHANGELOG.md, $(wildcard *.go *.md *.yml *.yaml *.toml))
-EDITORCONFIG_FILES := templates .github/workflows options/locale/locale_en-US.ini
+EDITORCONFIG_FILES := templates .github/workflows options/locale/locale_en-US.json
 GO_SOURCES := $(wildcard *.go)
 GO_SOURCES += $(shell find $(GO_DIRS) -type f -name "*.go")
 GO_SOURCES += $(GENERATED_GO_DEST)
-# Force installation of playwright dependencies by setting this flag
+ESLINT_CONCURRENCY ?= 2
 ifdef DEPS_PLAYWRIGHT
 	PLAYWRIGHT_FLAGS += --with-deps
 endif
 SWAGGER_SPEC := templates/swagger/v1_json.tmpl
 SWAGGER_SPEC_INPUT := templates/swagger/v1_input.json
@@ -195,26 +168,20 @@ TEST_MSSQL_DBNAME ?= gitea
 TEST_MSSQL_USERNAME ?= sa
 TEST_MSSQL_PASSWORD ?= MwantsaSecurePassword1
 # Include local Makefile
 # Makefile.local is listed in .gitignore
 sinclude Makefile.local
 .PHONY: all
 all: build
 .PHONY: help
 help: Makefile ## print Makefile help information.
 	@awk 'BEGIN {FS = ":.*##"; printf "\nUsage:\n  make \033[36m[TARGETS] default target: build\033[0m\n\n\033[35mTargets:\033[0m\n"} /^[0-9A-Za-z._-]+:.*?##/ { printf "  \033[36m%-45s\033[0m %s\n", $$1, $$2 }' Makefile #$(MAKEFILE_LIST)
-	@printf "  \033[36m%-46s\033[0m %s\n" "test-e2e[#TestSpecificName]" "test end to end using playwright"
+	@printf "  \033[36m%-46s\033[0m %s\n" "test-e2e" "test end to end using playwright"
 	@printf "  \033[36m%-46s\033[0m %s\n" "test[#TestSpecificName]" "run unit test"
 	@printf "  \033[36m%-46s\033[0m %s\n" "test-sqlite[#TestSpecificName]" "run integration test for sqlite"
 .PHONY: go-check
 go-check:
 	$(eval MIN_GO_VERSION_STR := $(shell grep -Eo '^go\s+[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' go.mod | cut -d' ' -f2))
 	$(eval MIN_GO_VERSION := $(shell printf "%03d%03d" $(shell echo '$(MIN_GO_VERSION_STR)' | tr '.' ' ')))
 	$(eval GO_VERSION := $(shell printf "%03d%03d" $(shell $(GO) version | grep -Eo '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' | tr '.' ' ');))
 	@if [ "$(GO_VERSION)" -lt "$(MIN_GO_VERSION)" ]; then \
 		echo "Gitea requires Go $(MIN_GO_VERSION_STR) or greater to build. You can get it at https://go.dev/dl/"; \
 		exit 1; \
 	fi
 .PHONY: git-check
 git-check:
 	@if git lfs >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then : ; else \
@@ -222,39 +189,24 @@ git-check:
 		exit 1; \
 	fi
 .PHONY: node-check
 node-check:
 	$(eval MIN_NODE_VERSION_STR := $(shell grep -Eo '"node":.*[0-9.]+"' package.json | sed -n 's/.*[^0-9.]\([0-9.]*\)"/\1/p'))
 	$(eval MIN_NODE_VERSION := $(shell printf "%03d%03d%03d" $(shell echo '$(MIN_NODE_VERSION_STR)' | tr '.' ' ')))
 	$(eval PNPM_MISSING := $(shell hash pnpm > /dev/null 2>&1 || echo 1))
 	@if [ "$(NODE_VERSION)" -lt "$(MIN_NODE_VERSION)" ]; then \
 		echo "Gitea requires Node.js $(MIN_NODE_VERSION_STR) or greater to build. You can get it at https://nodejs.org/en/download/"; \
 		exit 1; \
 	fi
 	@if [ "$(PNPM_MISSING)" = "1" ]; then \
 		echo "Gitea requires pnpm to build. You can install it at https://pnpm.io/installation"; \
 		exit 1; \
 	fi
 .PHONY: clean-all
 clean-all: clean ## delete backend, frontend and integration files
-	rm -rf $(WEBPACK_DEST_ENTRIES) node_modules
+	rm -rf $(FRONTEND_DEST_ENTRIES) node_modules
 .PHONY: clean
 clean: ## delete backend and integration files
-	rm -rf $(EXECUTABLE) $(DIST) $(BINDATA_DEST_WILDCARD) \
+	rm -rf $(EXECUTABLE) $(EXECUTABLE_E2E) $(DIST) $(BINDATA_DEST_WILDCARD) \
 		integrations*.test \
 		e2e*.test \
 		tests/integration/gitea-integration-* \
 		tests/integration/indexers-* \
-		tests/mysql.ini tests/pgsql.ini tests/mssql.ini man/ \
+		tests/sqlite.ini tests/mysql.ini tests/pgsql.ini tests/mssql.ini man/ \
 		tests/e2e/gitea-e2e-*/ \
 		tests/e2e/indexers-*/ \
 		tests/e2e/reports/ tests/e2e/test-artifacts/ tests/e2e/test-snapshots/
 .PHONY: fmt
 fmt: ## format the Go and template code
-	@GOFUMPT_PACKAGE=$(GOFUMPT_PACKAGE) $(GO) run build/code-batch-process.go gitea-fmt -w '{file-list}'
+	@GOFUMPT_PACKAGE=$(GOFUMPT_PACKAGE) $(GO) run tools/code-batch-process.go gitea-fmt -w '{file-list}'
 	$(eval TEMPLATES := $(shell find templates -type f -name '*.tmpl'))
 	@# strip whitespace after '{{' or '(' and before '}}' or ')' unless there is only
 	@# whitespace before it
@@ -272,19 +224,6 @@ fmt-check: fmt
 	  exit 1; \
 	fi
 .PHONY: fix
 fix: ## apply automated fixes to Go code
 	$(GO) run $(GOPLS_MODERNIZE_PACKAGE) -fix ./...
 .PHONY: fix-check
 fix-check: fix
 	@diff=$$(git diff --color=always $(GO_SOURCES)); \
 	if [ -n "$$diff" ]; then \
 	  echo "Please run 'make fix' and commit the result:"; \
 	  printf "%s" "$${diff}"; \
 	  exit 1; \
 	fi
 .PHONY: $(TAGS_EVIDENCE)
 $(TAGS_EVIDENCE):
 	@mkdir -p $(MAKE_EVIDENCE_DIR)
@@ -324,7 +263,7 @@ checks: checks-frontend checks-backend ## run various consistency checks
 checks-frontend: lockfile-check svg-check ## check frontend files
 .PHONY: checks-backend
-checks-backend: tidy-check swagger-check fmt-check fix-check swagger-validate security-check ## check backend files
+checks-backend: tidy-check swagger-check fmt-check swagger-validate security-check ## check backend files
 .PHONY: lint
 lint: lint-frontend lint-backend lint-spell ## lint everything
@@ -339,44 +278,48 @@ lint-frontend: lint-js lint-css ## lint frontend files
 lint-frontend-fix: lint-js-fix lint-css-fix ## lint frontend files and fix issues
 .PHONY: lint-backend
-lint-backend: lint-go lint-go-gitea-vet lint-go-gopls lint-editorconfig ## lint backend files
+lint-backend: lint-go lint-go-gitea-vet lint-editorconfig ## lint backend files
 .PHONY: lint-backend-fix
 lint-backend-fix: lint-go-fix lint-go-gitea-vet lint-editorconfig ## lint backend files and fix issues
 .PHONY: lint-js
-lint-js: node_modules ## lint js files
+lint-js: node_modules ## lint js and ts files
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec eslint --color --max-warnings=0 --flag unstable_native_nodejs_ts_config $(ESLINT_FILES)
+	pnpm exec eslint --color --max-warnings=0 --concurrency $(ESLINT_CONCURRENCY) $(ESLINT_FILES)
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec vue-tsc
+	pnpm exec vue-tsc
 .PHONY: lint-js-fix
-lint-js-fix: node_modules ## lint js files and fix issues
+lint-js-fix: node_modules ## lint js and ts files and fix issues
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec eslint --color --max-warnings=0 --flag unstable_native_nodejs_ts_config $(ESLINT_FILES) --fix
+	pnpm exec eslint --color --max-warnings=0 --concurrency $(ESLINT_CONCURRENCY) $(ESLINT_FILES) --fix
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec vue-tsc
+	pnpm exec vue-tsc
 .PHONY: lint-css
 lint-css: node_modules ## lint css files
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec stylelint --color --max-warnings=0 $(STYLELINT_FILES)
+	pnpm exec stylelint --color --max-warnings=0 $(STYLELINT_FILES)
 .PHONY: lint-css-fix
 lint-css-fix: node_modules ## lint css files and fix issues
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec stylelint --color --max-warnings=0 $(STYLELINT_FILES) --fix
+	pnpm exec stylelint --color --max-warnings=0 $(STYLELINT_FILES) --fix
 .PHONY: lint-swagger
 lint-swagger: node_modules ## lint swagger files
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec spectral lint -q -F hint $(SWAGGER_SPEC)
+	pnpm exec spectral lint -q -F hint $(SWAGGER_SPEC)
 .PHONY: lint-md
 lint-md: node_modules ## lint markdown files
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec markdownlint *.md
+	pnpm exec markdownlint *.md
 .PHONY: lint-md-fix
 lint-md-fix: node_modules ## lint markdown files and fix issues
 	pnpm exec markdownlint --fix *.md
 .PHONY: lint-spell
 lint-spell: ## lint spelling
-	@go run $(MISSPELL_PACKAGE) -dict tools/misspellings.csv -error $(SPELLCHECK_FILES)
+	@git ls-files $(SPELLCHECK_FILES) | xargs go run $(MISSPELL_PACKAGE) -dict assets/misspellings.csv -error
 .PHONY: lint-spell-fix
 lint-spell-fix: ## lint spelling and fix issues
-	@go run $(MISSPELL_PACKAGE) -dict tools/misspellings.csv -w $(SPELLCHECK_FILES)
+	@git ls-files $(SPELLCHECK_FILES) | xargs go run $(MISSPELL_PACKAGE) -dict assets/misspellings.csv -w
 .PHONY: lint-go
 lint-go: ## lint go files
@@ -396,13 +339,7 @@ lint-go-windows:
 .PHONY: lint-go-gitea-vet
 lint-go-gitea-vet: ## lint go files with gitea-vet
 	@echo "Running gitea-vet..."
-	@GOOS= GOARCH= $(GO) build code.gitea.io/gitea-vet
+	@$(GO) vet -vettool="$(shell GOOS= GOARCH= go tool -n gitea-vet)" ./...
 	@$(GO) vet -vettool=gitea-vet ./...
 .PHONY: lint-go-gopls
 lint-go-gopls: ## lint go files with gopls
 	@echo "Running gopls check..."
 	@GO=$(GO) GOPLS_PACKAGE=$(GOPLS_PACKAGE) tools/lint-go-gopls.sh $(GO_SOURCES)
 .PHONY: lint-editorconfig
 lint-editorconfig:
@@ -422,17 +359,24 @@ lint-templates: .venv node_modules ## lint template files
 lint-yaml: .venv ## lint yaml files
 	@uv run --frozen yamllint -s .
 .PHONY: lint-json
 lint-json: node_modules ## lint json files
 	pnpm exec eslint -c eslint.json.config.ts --color --max-warnings=0 --concurrency $(ESLINT_CONCURRENCY)
 .PHONY: lint-json-fix
 lint-json-fix: node_modules ## lint and fix json files
 	pnpm exec eslint -c eslint.json.config.ts --color --max-warnings=0 --concurrency $(ESLINT_CONCURRENCY) --fix
 .PHONY: watch
 watch: ## watch everything and continuously rebuild
 	@bash tools/watch.sh
 .PHONY: watch-frontend
-watch-frontend: node-check node_modules ## watch frontend files and continuously rebuild
+watch-frontend: node_modules ## start vite dev server for frontend
-	@rm -rf $(WEBPACK_DEST_ENTRIES)
+	NODE_ENV=development pnpm exec vite --logLevel $(FRONTEND_DEV_LOG_LEVEL)
 	NODE_ENV=development $(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec webpack --watch --progress --disable-interpret
 .PHONY: watch-backend
-watch-backend: go-check ## watch backend files and continuously rebuild
+watch-backend: ## watch backend files and continuously rebuild
 	GITEA_RUN_MODE=dev $(GO) run $(AIR_PACKAGE) -c .air.toml
 .PHONY: test
@@ -445,7 +389,7 @@ test-backend: ## test backend files
 .PHONY: test-frontend
 test-frontend: node_modules ## test frontend files
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec vitest
+	pnpm exec vitest
 .PHONY: test-check
 test-check:
@@ -468,7 +412,7 @@ test\#%:
 coverage:
 	grep '^\(mode: .*\)\|\(.*:[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+,[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+ [0-9]\+ [0-9]\+\)$$' coverage.out > coverage-bodged.out
 	grep '^\(mode: .*\)\|\(.*:[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+,[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+ [0-9]\+ [0-9]\+\)$$' integration.coverage.out > integration.coverage-bodged.out
-	$(GO) run build/gocovmerge.go integration.coverage-bodged.out coverage-bodged.out > coverage.all
+	$(GO) run tools/gocovmerge.go integration.coverage-bodged.out coverage-bodged.out > coverage.all
 .PHONY: unit-test-coverage
 unit-test-coverage:
@@ -498,25 +442,20 @@ tidy-check: tidy
 go-licenses: $(GO_LICENSE_FILE) ## regenerate go licenses
 $(GO_LICENSE_FILE): go.mod go.sum
-	@rm -rf $(GO_LICENSE_FILE)
+	GO=$(GO) $(GO) run build/generate-go-licenses.go $(GO_LICENSE_FILE)
 	$(GO) install $(GO_LICENSES_PACKAGE)
 	-GOOS=linux CGO_ENABLED=1 go-licenses save . --force --save_path=$(GO_LICENSE_TMP_DIR) 2>/dev/null
 	$(GO) run build/generate-go-licenses.go $(GO_LICENSE_TMP_DIR) $(GO_LICENSE_FILE)
 	@rm -rf $(GO_LICENSE_TMP_DIR)
 generate-ini-sqlite:
-	sed -e 's|{{REPO_TEST_DIR}}|${REPO_TEST_DIR}|g' \
+	sed -e 's|{{WORK_PATH}}|$(CURDIR)/tests/$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)/gitea-$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)-sqlite|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_LOGGER}}|$(or $(TEST_LOGGER),test$(COMMA)file)|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_TYPE}}|$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)|g' \
 			tests/sqlite.ini.tmpl > tests/sqlite.ini
 .PHONY: test-sqlite
 test-sqlite: integrations.sqlite.test generate-ini-sqlite
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./integrations.sqlite.test
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./integrations.sqlite.test
 .PHONY: test-sqlite\#%
 test-sqlite\#%: integrations.sqlite.test generate-ini-sqlite
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./integrations.sqlite.test -test.run $(subst .,/,$*)
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./integrations.sqlite.test -test.run $(subst .,/,$*)
 .PHONY: test-sqlite-migration
 test-sqlite-migration:  migrations.sqlite.test migrations.individual.sqlite.test
@@ -526,18 +465,17 @@ generate-ini-mysql:
 		-e 's|{{TEST_MYSQL_DBNAME}}|${TEST_MYSQL_DBNAME}|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_MYSQL_USERNAME}}|${TEST_MYSQL_USERNAME}|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_MYSQL_PASSWORD}}|${TEST_MYSQL_PASSWORD}|g' \
-		-e 's|{{REPO_TEST_DIR}}|${REPO_TEST_DIR}|g' \
+		-e 's|{{WORK_PATH}}|$(CURDIR)/tests/$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)/gitea-$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)-mysql|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_LOGGER}}|$(or $(TEST_LOGGER),test$(COMMA)file)|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_TYPE}}|$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)|g' \
 			tests/mysql.ini.tmpl > tests/mysql.ini
 .PHONY: test-mysql
 test-mysql: integrations.mysql.test generate-ini-mysql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./integrations.mysql.test
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./integrations.mysql.test
 .PHONY: test-mysql\#%
 test-mysql\#%: integrations.mysql.test generate-ini-mysql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./integrations.mysql.test -test.run $(subst .,/,$*)
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./integrations.mysql.test -test.run $(subst .,/,$*)
 .PHONY: test-mysql-migration
 test-mysql-migration: migrations.mysql.test migrations.individual.mysql.test
@@ -549,18 +487,17 @@ generate-ini-pgsql:
 		-e 's|{{TEST_PGSQL_PASSWORD}}|${TEST_PGSQL_PASSWORD}|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_PGSQL_SCHEMA}}|${TEST_PGSQL_SCHEMA}|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_MINIO_ENDPOINT}}|${TEST_MINIO_ENDPOINT}|g' \
-		-e 's|{{REPO_TEST_DIR}}|${REPO_TEST_DIR}|g' \
+		-e 's|{{WORK_PATH}}|$(CURDIR)/tests/$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)/gitea-$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)-pgsql|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_LOGGER}}|$(or $(TEST_LOGGER),test$(COMMA)file)|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_TYPE}}|$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)|g' \
 			tests/pgsql.ini.tmpl > tests/pgsql.ini
 .PHONY: test-pgsql
 test-pgsql: integrations.pgsql.test generate-ini-pgsql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./integrations.pgsql.test
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./integrations.pgsql.test
 .PHONY: test-pgsql\#%
 test-pgsql\#%: integrations.pgsql.test generate-ini-pgsql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./integrations.pgsql.test -test.run $(subst .,/,$*)
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./integrations.pgsql.test -test.run $(subst .,/,$*)
 .PHONY: test-pgsql-migration
 test-pgsql-migration: migrations.pgsql.test migrations.individual.pgsql.test
@@ -570,89 +507,53 @@ generate-ini-mssql:
 		-e 's|{{TEST_MSSQL_DBNAME}}|${TEST_MSSQL_DBNAME}|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_MSSQL_USERNAME}}|${TEST_MSSQL_USERNAME}|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_MSSQL_PASSWORD}}|${TEST_MSSQL_PASSWORD}|g' \
-		-e 's|{{REPO_TEST_DIR}}|${REPO_TEST_DIR}|g' \
+		-e 's|{{WORK_PATH}}|$(CURDIR)/tests/$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)/gitea-$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)-mssql|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_LOGGER}}|$(or $(TEST_LOGGER),test$(COMMA)file)|g' \
 		-e 's|{{TEST_TYPE}}|$(or $(TEST_TYPE),integration)|g' \
 			tests/mssql.ini.tmpl > tests/mssql.ini
 .PHONY: test-mssql
 test-mssql: integrations.mssql.test generate-ini-mssql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./integrations.mssql.test
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./integrations.mssql.test
 .PHONY: test-mssql\#%
 test-mssql\#%: integrations.mssql.test generate-ini-mssql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./integrations.mssql.test -test.run $(subst .,/,$*)
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./integrations.mssql.test -test.run $(subst .,/,$*)
 .PHONY: test-mssql-migration
 test-mssql-migration: migrations.mssql.test migrations.individual.mssql.test
 .PHONY: playwright
 playwright: deps-frontend
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec playwright install $(PLAYWRIGHT_FLAGS)
+	@# on GitHub Actions VMs, playwright's system deps are pre-installed
-
+	@pnpm exec playwright install $(if $(GITHUB_ACTIONS),,--with-deps) chromium firefox $(PLAYWRIGHT_FLAGS)
 .PHONY: test-e2e%
 test-e2e%: TEST_TYPE ?= e2e
 	# Clear display env variable. Otherwise, chromium tests can fail.
 	DISPLAY=
 .PHONY: test-e2e
-test-e2e: test-e2e-sqlite
+test-e2e: playwright $(EXECUTABLE_E2E)
-
+	@EXECUTABLE=$(EXECUTABLE_E2E) ./tools/test-e2e.sh $(GITEA_TEST_E2E_FLAGS)
 .PHONY: test-e2e-sqlite
 test-e2e-sqlite: playwright e2e.sqlite.test generate-ini-sqlite
 	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./e2e.sqlite.test
 .PHONY: test-e2e-sqlite\#%
 test-e2e-sqlite\#%: playwright e2e.sqlite.test generate-ini-sqlite
 	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./e2e.sqlite.test -test.run TestE2e/$*
 .PHONY: test-e2e-mysql
 test-e2e-mysql: playwright e2e.mysql.test generate-ini-mysql
 	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./e2e.mysql.test
 .PHONY: test-e2e-mysql\#%
 test-e2e-mysql\#%: playwright e2e.mysql.test generate-ini-mysql
 	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./e2e.mysql.test -test.run TestE2e/$*
 .PHONY: test-e2e-pgsql
 test-e2e-pgsql: playwright e2e.pgsql.test generate-ini-pgsql
 	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./e2e.pgsql.test
 .PHONY: test-e2e-pgsql\#%
 test-e2e-pgsql\#%: playwright e2e.pgsql.test generate-ini-pgsql
 	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./e2e.pgsql.test -test.run TestE2e/$*
 .PHONY: test-e2e-mssql
 test-e2e-mssql: playwright e2e.mssql.test generate-ini-mssql
 	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./e2e.mssql.test
 .PHONY: test-e2e-mssql\#%
 test-e2e-mssql\#%: playwright e2e.mssql.test generate-ini-mssql
 	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./e2e.mssql.test -test.run TestE2e/$*
 .PHONY: bench-sqlite
 bench-sqlite: integrations.sqlite.test generate-ini-sqlite
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./integrations.sqlite.test -test.cpuprofile=cpu.out -test.run DontRunTests -test.bench .
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./integrations.sqlite.test -test.cpuprofile=cpu.out -test.run DontRunTests -test.bench .
 .PHONY: bench-mysql
 bench-mysql: integrations.mysql.test generate-ini-mysql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./integrations.mysql.test -test.cpuprofile=cpu.out -test.run DontRunTests -test.bench .
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./integrations.mysql.test -test.cpuprofile=cpu.out -test.run DontRunTests -test.bench .
 .PHONY: bench-mssql
 bench-mssql: integrations.mssql.test generate-ini-mssql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./integrations.mssql.test -test.cpuprofile=cpu.out -test.run DontRunTests -test.bench .
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./integrations.mssql.test -test.cpuprofile=cpu.out -test.run DontRunTests -test.bench .
 .PHONY: bench-pgsql
 bench-pgsql: integrations.pgsql.test generate-ini-pgsql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./integrations.pgsql.test -test.cpuprofile=cpu.out -test.run DontRunTests -test.bench .
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./integrations.pgsql.test -test.cpuprofile=cpu.out -test.run DontRunTests -test.bench .
 .PHONY: integration-test-coverage
 integration-test-coverage: integrations.cover.test generate-ini-mysql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./integrations.cover.test -test.coverprofile=integration.coverage.out
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./integrations.cover.test -test.coverprofile=integration.coverage.out
 .PHONY: integration-test-coverage-sqlite
 integration-test-coverage-sqlite: integrations.cover.sqlite.test generate-ini-sqlite
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./integrations.cover.sqlite.test -test.coverprofile=integration.coverage.out
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./integrations.cover.sqlite.test -test.coverprofile=integration.coverage.out
 integrations.mysql.test: git-check $(GO_SOURCES)
 	$(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -c code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration -o integrations.mysql.test
@@ -675,66 +576,54 @@ integrations.cover.sqlite.test: git-check $(GO_SOURCES)
 .PHONY: migrations.mysql.test
 migrations.mysql.test: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-mysql
 	$(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -c code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration/migration-test -o migrations.mysql.test
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./migrations.mysql.test
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mysql.ini ./migrations.mysql.test
 .PHONY: migrations.pgsql.test
 migrations.pgsql.test: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-pgsql
 	$(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -c code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration/migration-test -o migrations.pgsql.test
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./migrations.pgsql.test
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini ./migrations.pgsql.test
 .PHONY: migrations.mssql.test
 migrations.mssql.test: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-mssql
 	$(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -c code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration/migration-test -o migrations.mssql.test
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./migrations.mssql.test
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mssql.ini ./migrations.mssql.test
 .PHONY: migrations.sqlite.test
 migrations.sqlite.test: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-sqlite
 	$(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -c code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration/migration-test -o migrations.sqlite.test -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)'
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./migrations.sqlite.test
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini ./migrations.sqlite.test
 .PHONY: migrations.individual.mysql.test
-migrations.individual.mysql.test: $(GO_SOURCES)
+migrations.individual.mysql.test: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-mysql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mysql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags='$(TEST_TAGS)' -p 1 $(MIGRATE_TEST_PACKAGES)
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mysql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags='$(TEST_TAGS)' -p 1 $(MIGRATE_TEST_PACKAGES)
 .PHONY: migrations.individual.sqlite.test\#%
 migrations.individual.sqlite.test\#%: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-sqlite
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)' code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/$*
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)' code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/$*
 .PHONY: migrations.individual.pgsql.test
-migrations.individual.pgsql.test: $(GO_SOURCES)
+migrations.individual.pgsql.test: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-pgsql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags='$(TEST_TAGS)' -p 1 $(MIGRATE_TEST_PACKAGES)
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags='$(TEST_TAGS)' -p 1 $(MIGRATE_TEST_PACKAGES)
 .PHONY: migrations.individual.pgsql.test\#%
 migrations.individual.pgsql.test\#%: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-pgsql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)' code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/$*
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/pgsql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)' code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/$*
 .PHONY: migrations.individual.mssql.test
 migrations.individual.mssql.test: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-mssql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mssql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags='$(TEST_TAGS)' -p 1 $(MIGRATE_TEST_PACKAGES)
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mssql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags='$(TEST_TAGS)' -p 1 $(MIGRATE_TEST_PACKAGES)
 .PHONY: migrations.individual.mssql.test\#%
 migrations.individual.mssql.test\#%: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-mssql
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/mssql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)' code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/$*
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/mssql.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)' code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/$*
 .PHONY: migrations.individual.sqlite.test
 migrations.individual.sqlite.test: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-sqlite
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags='$(TEST_TAGS)' -p 1 $(MIGRATE_TEST_PACKAGES)
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags='$(TEST_TAGS)' -p 1 $(MIGRATE_TEST_PACKAGES)
 .PHONY: migrations.individual.sqlite.test\#%
 migrations.individual.sqlite.test\#%: $(GO_SOURCES) generate-ini-sqlite
-	GITEA_ROOT="$(CURDIR)" GITEA_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)' code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/$*
+	GITEA_TEST_CONF=tests/sqlite.ini $(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)' code.gitea.io/gitea/models/migrations/$*
 e2e.mysql.test: $(GO_SOURCES)
 	$(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -c code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/e2e -o e2e.mysql.test
 e2e.pgsql.test: $(GO_SOURCES)
 	$(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -c code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/e2e -o e2e.pgsql.test
 e2e.mssql.test: $(GO_SOURCES)
 	$(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -c code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/e2e -o e2e.mssql.test
 e2e.sqlite.test: $(GO_SOURCES)
 	$(GO) test $(GOTESTFLAGS) -c code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/e2e -o e2e.sqlite.test -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)'
 .PHONY: check
 check: test
@@ -747,10 +636,10 @@ install: $(wildcard *.go)
 build: frontend backend ## build everything
 .PHONY: frontend
-frontend: $(WEBPACK_DEST) ## build frontend files
+frontend: $(FRONTEND_DEST) ## build frontend files
 .PHONY: backend
-backend: go-check generate-backend $(EXECUTABLE) ## build backend files
+backend: generate-backend $(EXECUTABLE) ## build backend files
 # We generate the backend before the frontend in case we in future we want to generate things in the frontend from generated files in backend
 .PHONY: generate
@@ -766,14 +655,17 @@ generate-go: $(TAGS_PREREQ)
 .PHONY: security-check
 security-check:
-	go run $(GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE) -show color ./...
+	GOEXPERIMENT= go run $(GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE) -show color ./... || true
 $(EXECUTABLE): $(GO_SOURCES) $(TAGS_PREREQ)
 ifneq ($(and $(STATIC),$(findstring pam,$(TAGS))),)
-  $(error pam support set via TAGS doesn't support static builds)
+  $(error pam support set via TAGS does not support static builds)
 endif
 	CGO_ENABLED="$(CGO_ENABLED)" CGO_CFLAGS="$(CGO_CFLAGS)" $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) $(EXTRA_GOFLAGS) -tags '$(TAGS)' -ldflags '-s -w $(EXTLDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)' -o $@
 $(EXECUTABLE_E2E): $(GO_SOURCES) $(FRONTEND_DEST)
 	CGO_ENABLED=1 $(GO) build $(GOFLAGS) $(EXTRA_GOFLAGS) -tags '$(TEST_TAGS)' -ldflags '-s -w $(EXTLDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)' -o $@
 .PHONY: release
 release: frontend generate release-windows release-linux release-darwin release-freebsd release-copy release-compress vendor release-sources release-check
@@ -844,15 +736,12 @@ deps-tools: ## install tool dependencies
 	$(GO) install $(MISSPELL_PACKAGE) & \
 	$(GO) install $(SWAGGER_PACKAGE) & \
 	$(GO) install $(XGO_PACKAGE) & \
 	$(GO) install $(GO_LICENSES_PACKAGE) & \
 	$(GO) install $(GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE) & \
 	$(GO) install $(ACTIONLINT_PACKAGE) & \
 	$(GO) install $(GOPLS_PACKAGE) & \
 	$(GO) install $(GOPLS_MODERNIZE_PACKAGE) & \
 	wait
 node_modules: pnpm-lock.yaml
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
+	pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
 	@touch node_modules
 .venv: uv.lock
@@ -860,36 +749,41 @@ node_modules: pnpm-lock.yaml
 	@touch .venv
 .PHONY: update
-update: update-js update-py ## update js and py dependencies
+update: update-go update-js update-py ## update dependencies
 .PHONY: update-go
 update-go: ## update go dependencies
 	$(GO) get -u ./...
 	$(MAKE) tidy
 .PHONY: update-js
-update-js: node-check | node_modules ## update js dependencies
+update-js: node_modules ## update js dependencies
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec updates -u -f package.json
+	pnpm exec updates -u -f package.json
 	rm -rf node_modules pnpm-lock.yaml
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm install
+	pnpm install
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec nolyfill install
+	pnpm exec nolyfill install
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm install
+	pnpm install
 	@touch node_modules
 .PHONY: update-py
-update-py: node-check | node_modules ## update py dependencies
+update-py: node_modules ## update py dependencies
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec updates -u -f pyproject.toml
+	pnpm exec updates -u -f pyproject.toml
 	rm -rf .venv uv.lock
 	uv sync
 	@touch .venv
-.PHONY: webpack
+.PHONY: vite
-webpack: $(WEBPACK_DEST) ## build webpack files
+vite: $(FRONTEND_DEST) ## build vite files
-$(WEBPACK_DEST): $(WEBPACK_SOURCES) $(WEBPACK_CONFIGS) pnpm-lock.yaml
+$(FRONTEND_DEST): $(FRONTEND_SOURCES) $(FRONTEND_CONFIGS) pnpm-lock.yaml
-	@$(MAKE) -s node-check node_modules
+	@$(MAKE) -s node_modules
-	@rm -rf $(WEBPACK_DEST_ENTRIES)
+	@rm -rf $(FRONTEND_DEST_ENTRIES)
-	@echo "Running webpack..."
+	@echo "Running vite build..."
-	@BROWSERSLIST_IGNORE_OLD_DATA=true $(NODE_VARS) pnpm exec webpack --disable-interpret
+	@pnpm exec vite build
-	@touch $(WEBPACK_DEST)
+	@touch $(FRONTEND_DEST)
 .PHONY: svg
-svg: node-check | node_modules ## build svg files
+svg: node_modules ## build svg files
 	rm -rf $(SVG_DEST_DIR)
 	node tools/generate-svg.ts
@@ -905,7 +799,7 @@ svg-check: svg
 .PHONY: lockfile-check
 lockfile-check:
-	$(NODE_VARS) pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
+	pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
 	@diff=$$(git diff --color=always pnpm-lock.yaml); \
 	if [ -n "$$diff" ]; then \
 		echo "pnpm-lock.yaml is inconsistent with package.json"; \
@@ -914,16 +808,6 @@ lockfile-check:
 		exit 1; \
 	fi
 .PHONY: update-translations
 update-translations:
 	mkdir -p ./translations
 	cd ./translations && curl -L https://crowdin.com/download/project/gitea.zip > gitea.zip && unzip gitea.zip
 	rm ./translations/gitea.zip
 	$(SED_INPLACE) -e 's/="/=/g' -e 's/"$$//g' ./translations/*.ini
 	$(SED_INPLACE) -e 's/\\"/"/g' ./translations/*.ini
 	mv ./translations/*.ini ./options/locale/
 	rmdir ./translations
 .PHONY: generate-gitignore
 generate-gitignore: ## update gitignore files
 	$(GO) run build/generate-gitignores.go
@@ -945,9 +829,6 @@ docker:
 	docker build --disable-content-trust=false -t $(DOCKER_REF) .
 # support also build args docker build --build-arg GITEA_VERSION=v1.2.3 --build-arg TAGS="bindata sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify"  .
 # This endif closes the if at the top of the file
 endif
 # Disable parallel execution because it would break some targets that don't
 # specify exact dependencies like 'backend' which does currently not depend
 # on 'frontend' to enable Node.js-less builds from source tarballs.
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 [![](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea/badges/users.svg)](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea "Help Contribute to Open Source")
 [![](https://opencollective.com/gitea/tiers/backers/badge.svg?label=backers&color=brightgreen)](https://opencollective.com/gitea "Become a backer/sponsor of gitea")
 [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT "License: MIT")
 [![Contribute with Gitpod](https://img.shields.io/badge/Contribute%20with-Gitpod-908a85?logo=gitpod&color=green)](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
 [![](https://badges.crowdin.net/gitea/localized.svg)](https://translate.gitea.com "Crowdin")
 [繁體中文](./README.zh-tw.md) | [简体中文](./README.zh-cn.md)
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 [![](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea/badges/users.svg)](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea "Help Contribute to Open Source")
 [![](https://opencollective.com/gitea/tiers/backers/badge.svg?label=backers&color=brightgreen)](https://opencollective.com/gitea "Become a backer/sponsor of gitea")
 [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT "License: MIT")
 [![Contribute with Gitpod](https://img.shields.io/badge/Contribute%20with-Gitpod-908a85?logo=gitpod&color=green)](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
 [![](https://badges.crowdin.net/gitea/localized.svg)](https://translate.gitea.com "Crowdin")
 [English](./README.md) | [繁體中文](./README.zh-tw.md)
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@
 `build` 目标分为两个子目标：
 - `make backend` 需要 [Go Stable](https://go.dev/dl/)，所需版本在 [go.mod](/go.mod) 中定义。
- `make frontend` 需要 [Node.js LTS](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) 或更高版本。
+- `make frontend` 需要 [Node.js LTS](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) 或更高版本以及 [pnpm](https://pnpm.io/installation)。
 需要互联网连接来下载 go 和 npm 模块。从包含预构建前端文件的官方源代码压缩包构建时，不会触发 `frontend` 目标，因此可以在没有 Node.js 的情况下构建。
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 [![](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea/badges/users.svg)](https://www.codetriage.com/go-gitea/gitea "Help Contribute to Open Source")
 [![](https://opencollective.com/gitea/tiers/backers/badge.svg?label=backers&color=brightgreen)](https://opencollective.com/gitea "Become a backer/sponsor of gitea")
 [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT "License: MIT")
 [![Contribute with Gitpod](https://img.shields.io/badge/Contribute%20with-Gitpod-908a85?logo=gitpod&color=green)](https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea)
 [![](https://badges.crowdin.net/gitea/localized.svg)](https://translate.gitea.com "Crowdin")
 [English](./README.md) | [简体中文](./README.zh-cn.md)
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@
 `build` 目標分為兩個子目標：
 - `make backend` 需要 [Go Stable](https://go.dev/dl/)，所需版本在 [go.mod](/go.mod) 中定義。
- `make frontend` 需要 [Node.js LTS](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) 或更高版本。
+- `make frontend` 需要 [Node.js LTS](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) 或更高版本以及 [pnpm](https://pnpm.io/installation)。
 需要互聯網連接來下載 go 和 npm 模塊。從包含預構建前端文件的官方源代碼壓縮包構建時，不會觸發 `frontend` 目標，因此可以在沒有 Node.js 的情況下構建。
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
 // Copyright 2020 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 //go:build vendor
 package main
 // Libraries that are included to vendor utilities used during Makefile build.
 // These libraries will not be included in a normal compilation.
 import (
 	// for vet
 	_ "code.gitea.io/gitea-vet"
 )
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
 // Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 //go:build ignore
 package main
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 )
 func main() {
 	if len(os.Args) != 2 {
 		println("usage: backport-locales <to-ref>")
 		println("eg: backport-locales release/v1.19")
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 	mustNoErr := func(err error) {
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}
 	}
 	collectInis := func(ref string) map[string]setting.ConfigProvider {
 		inis := map[string]setting.ConfigProvider{}
 		err := filepath.WalkDir("options/locale", func(path string, d os.DirEntry, err error) error {
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 			if d.IsDir() || !strings.HasSuffix(d.Name(), ".ini") {
 				return nil
 			}
 			cfg, err := setting.NewConfigProviderForLocale(path)
 			mustNoErr(err)
 			inis[path] = cfg
 			fmt.Printf("collecting: %s @ %s\n", path, ref)
 			return nil
 		})
 		mustNoErr(err)
 		return inis
 	}
 	// collect new locales from current working directory
 	inisNew := collectInis("HEAD")
 	// switch to the target ref, and collect the old locales
 	cmd := exec.Command("git", "checkout", os.Args[1])
 	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
 	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
 	mustNoErr(cmd.Run())
 	inisOld := collectInis(os.Args[1])
 	// use old en-US as the base, and copy the new translations to the old locales
 	enUsOld := inisOld["options/locale/locale_en-US.ini"]
 	brokenWarned := make(container.Set[string])
 	for path, iniOld := range inisOld {
 		if iniOld == enUsOld {
 			continue
 		}
 		iniNew := inisNew[path]
 		if iniNew == nil {
 			continue
 		}
 		for _, secEnUS := range enUsOld.Sections() {
 			secOld := iniOld.Section(secEnUS.Name())
 			secNew := iniNew.Section(secEnUS.Name())
 			for _, keyEnUs := range secEnUS.Keys() {
 				if secNew.HasKey(keyEnUs.Name()) {
 					oldStr := secOld.Key(keyEnUs.Name()).String()
 					newStr := secNew.Key(keyEnUs.Name()).String()
 					broken := oldStr != "" && strings.Count(oldStr, "%") != strings.Count(newStr, "%")
 					broken = broken || strings.Contains(oldStr, "\n") || strings.Contains(oldStr, "\n")
 					if broken {
 						brokenWarned.Add(secOld.Name() + "." + keyEnUs.Name())
 						fmt.Println("----")
 						fmt.Printf("WARNING: skip broken locale: %s , [%s] %s\n", path, secEnUS.Name(), keyEnUs.Name())
 						fmt.Printf("\told: %s\n", strings.ReplaceAll(oldStr, "\n", "\\n"))
 						fmt.Printf("\tnew: %s\n", strings.ReplaceAll(newStr, "\n", "\\n"))
 						continue
 					}
 					secOld.Key(keyEnUs.Name()).SetValue(newStr)
 				}
 			}
 		}
 		mustNoErr(iniOld.SaveTo(path))
 	}
 	fmt.Println("========")
 	for path, iniNew := range inisNew {
 		for _, sec := range iniNew.Sections() {
 			for _, key := range sec.Keys() {
 				str := sec.Key(key.Name()).String()
 				broken := strings.Contains(str, "\n")
 				broken = broken || strings.HasPrefix(str, "`") != strings.HasSuffix(str, "`")
 				broken = broken || strings.HasPrefix(str, "\"`")
 				broken = broken || strings.HasPrefix(str, "`\"")
 				broken = broken || strings.Count(str, `"`)%2 == 1
 				broken = broken || strings.Count(str, "`")%2 == 1
 				if broken && !brokenWarned.Contains(sec.Name()+"."+key.Name()) {
 					fmt.Printf("WARNING: found broken locale: %s , [%s] %s\n", path, sec.Name(), key.Name())
 					fmt.Printf("\tstr: %s\n", strings.ReplaceAll(str, "\n", "\\n"))
 					fmt.Println("----")
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ import (
 )
 const (
-	gemojiURL         = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/github/gemoji/master/db/emoji.json"
+	gemojiURL         = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rhysd/gemoji/537ff2d7e0496e9964824f7f73ec7ece88c9765a/db/emoji.json"
-	maxUnicodeVersion = 15
+	maxUnicodeVersion = 16
 )
 var flagOut = flag.String("o", "modules/emoji/emoji_data.go", "out")
@@ -149,8 +149,8 @@ func generate() ([]byte, error) {
 	}
 	// write a JSON file to use with tribute (write before adding skin tones since we can't support them there yet)
-	file, _ := json.Marshal(data)
+	file, _ := json.MarshalIndent(data, "", "  ")
-	_ = os.WriteFile("assets/emoji.json", file, 0o644)
+	_ = os.WriteFile("assets/emoji.json", append(file, '\n'), 0o644)
 	// Add skin tones to emoji that support it
 	var (
@@ -8,99 +8,220 @@ package main
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io/fs"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"slices"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
 )
 // regexp is based on go-license, excluding README and NOTICE
 // https://github.com/google/go-licenses/blob/master/licenses/find.go
 // also defined in vite.config.ts
 var licenseRe = regexp.MustCompile(`^(?i)((UN)?LICEN(S|C)E|COPYING).*$`)
 // primaryLicenseRe matches exact primary license filenames without suffixes.
 // When a directory has both primary and variant files (e.g. LICENSE and
 // LICENSE.docs), only the primary files are kept.
 var primaryLicenseRe = regexp.MustCompile(`^(?i)(LICEN[SC]E|COPYING)$`)
 // ignoredNames are LicenseEntry.Name values to exclude from the output.
 var ignoredNames = map[string]bool{
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea":                 true,
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/options/license": true,
 }
 var excludedExt = map[string]bool{
 	".gitignore": true,
 	".go":        true,
 	".mod":       true,
 	".sum":       true,
 	".toml":      true,
 	".yaml":      true,
 	".yml":       true,
 }
 type ModuleInfo struct {
 	Path    string
 	Dir     string
 	PkgDirs []string // directories of packages imported from this module
 }
 type LicenseEntry struct {
 	Name        string `json:"name"`
 	Path        string `json:"path"`
 	LicenseText string `json:"licenseText"`
 }
-func main() {
+// getModules returns all dependency modules with their local directory paths
-	if len(os.Args) != 3 {
+// and the package directories used from each module.
-		fmt.Println("usage: go run generate-go-licenses.go <base-dir> <out-json-file>")
+func getModules(goCmd string) []ModuleInfo {
 	cmd := exec.Command(goCmd, "list", "-deps", "-f",
 		"{{if .Module}}{{.Module.Path}}\t{{.Module.Dir}}\t{{.Dir}}{{end}}", "./...")
 	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
 	// Use GOOS=linux with CGO to ensure we capture all platform-specific
 	// dependencies, matching the CI environment.
 	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), "GOOS=linux", "GOARCH=amd64", "CGO_ENABLED=1")
 	output, err := cmd.Output()
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "failed to run 'go list -deps': %v\n", err)
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}
-	base, out := os.Args[1], os.Args[2]
+	var modules []ModuleInfo
-
+	seen := make(map[string]int) // module path -> index in modules
-	// Add ext for excluded files because license_test.go will be included for some reason.
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(string(output), "\n") {
-	// And there are more files that should be excluded, check with:
+		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
-	//
+		if line == "" {
-	// go run github.com/google/go-licenses@v1.6.0 save . --force --save_path=.go-licenses 2>/dev/null
+			continue
 	// find .go-licenses -type f | while read FILE; do echo "${$(basename $FILE)##*.}"; done | sort -u
 	//    AUTHORS
 	//    COPYING
 	//    LICENSE
 	//    Makefile
 	//    NOTICE
 	//    gitignore
 	//    go
 	//    md
 	//    mod
 	//    sum
 	//    toml
 	//    txt
 	//    yml
 	//
 	// It could be removed once we have a better regex.
 	excludedExt := container.SetOf(".gitignore", ".go", ".mod", ".sum", ".toml", ".yml")
 	var paths []string
 	err := filepath.WalkDir(base, func(path string, entry fs.DirEntry, err error) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if entry.IsDir() || !licenseRe.MatchString(entry.Name()) || excludedExt.Contains(filepath.Ext(entry.Name())) {
+		parts := strings.Split(line, "\t")
-			return nil
+		if len(parts) != 3 {
 			continue
 		}
-		paths = append(paths, path)
+		modPath, modDir, pkgDir := parts[0], parts[1], parts[2]
-		return nil
+		if idx, ok := seen[modPath]; ok {
-	})
+			modules[idx].PkgDirs = append(modules[idx].PkgDirs, pkgDir)
-	if err != nil {
+		} else {
-		panic(err)
+			seen[modPath] = len(modules)
 			modules = append(modules, ModuleInfo{
 				Path:    modPath,
 				Dir:     modDir,
 				PkgDirs: []string{pkgDir},
 			})
 		}
 	}
 	return modules
 }
 // findLicenseFiles scans a module's root directory and its used package
 // directories for license files. It also walks up from each package directory
 // to the module root, scanning intermediate directories. Subdirectory licenses
 // are only included if their text differs from the root license(s).
 func findLicenseFiles(mod ModuleInfo) []LicenseEntry {
 	var entries []LicenseEntry
 	seenTexts := make(map[string]bool)
 	// First, collect root-level license files.
 	entries = append(entries, scanDirForLicenses(mod.Dir, mod.Path, "")...)
 	for _, e := range entries {
 		seenTexts[e.LicenseText] = true
 	}
-	sort.Strings(paths)
+	// Then check each package directory and all intermediate parent directories
 	// up to the module root for license files with unique text.
 	seenDirs := map[string]bool{mod.Dir: true}
 	for _, pkgDir := range mod.PkgDirs {
 		for dir := pkgDir; dir != mod.Dir && strings.HasPrefix(dir, mod.Dir); dir = filepath.Dir(dir) {
 			if seenDirs[dir] {
 				continue
 			}
 			seenDirs[dir] = true
 			for _, e := range scanDirForLicenses(dir, mod.Path, mod.Dir) {
 				if !seenTexts[e.LicenseText] {
 					seenTexts[e.LicenseText] = true
 					entries = append(entries, e)
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	return entries
 }
 // scanDirForLicenses reads a single directory for license files and returns entries.
 // If moduleRoot is non-empty, paths are made relative to it.
 func scanDirForLicenses(dir, modulePath, moduleRoot string) []LicenseEntry {
 	dirEntries, err := os.ReadDir(dir)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 	var entries []LicenseEntry
-	for _, filePath := range paths {
+	for _, entry := range dirEntries {
-		licenseText, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
+		if entry.IsDir() {
-		if err != nil {
+			continue
 			panic(err)
 		}
-
+		name := entry.Name()
-		pkgPath := filepath.ToSlash(filePath)
+		if !licenseRe.MatchString(name) {
-		pkgPath = strings.TrimPrefix(pkgPath, base+"/")
+			continue
-		pkgName := path.Dir(pkgPath)
+		}
-
+		if excludedExt[strings.ToLower(filepath.Ext(name))] {
 		// There might be a bug somewhere in go-licenses that sometimes interprets the
 		// root package as "." and sometimes as "code.gitea.io/gitea". Workaround by
 		// removing both of them for the sake of stable output.
 		if pkgName == "." || pkgName == "code.gitea.io/gitea" {
 			continue
 		}
 		content, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, name))
 		if err != nil {
 			continue
 		}
 		entryName := modulePath
 		entryPath := modulePath + "/" + name
 		if moduleRoot != "" {
 			rel, _ := filepath.Rel(moduleRoot, dir)
 			if rel != "." {
 				relSlash := filepath.ToSlash(rel)
 				entryName = modulePath + "/" + relSlash
 				entryPath = modulePath + "/" + relSlash + "/" + name
 			}
 		}
 		entries = append(entries, LicenseEntry{
-			Name:        pkgName,
+			Name:        entryName,
-			Path:        pkgPath,
+			Path:        entryPath,
-			LicenseText: string(licenseText),
+			LicenseText: string(content),
 		})
 	}
 	// When multiple license files exist, prefer primary files (e.g. LICENSE)
 	// over variants with suffixes (e.g. LICENSE.docs, LICENSE-2.0.txt).
 	// If no primary file exists, keep only the first variant.
 	if len(entries) > 1 {
 		var primary []LicenseEntry
 		for _, e := range entries {
 			fileName := e.Path[strings.LastIndex(e.Path, "/")+1:]
 			if primaryLicenseRe.MatchString(fileName) {
 				primary = append(primary, e)
 			}
 		}
 		if len(primary) > 0 {
 			return primary
 		}
 		return entries[:1]
 	}
 	return entries
 }
 func main() {
 	if len(os.Args) != 2 {
 		fmt.Println("usage: go run generate-go-licenses.go <out-json-file>")
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 	out := os.Args[1]
 	goCmd := "go"
 	if env := os.Getenv("GO"); env != "" {
 		goCmd = env
 	}
 	modules := getModules(goCmd)
 	var entries []LicenseEntry
 	for _, mod := range modules {
 		entries = append(entries, findLicenseFiles(mod)...)
 	}
 	entries = slices.DeleteFunc(entries, func(e LicenseEntry) bool {
 		return ignoredNames[e.Name]
 	})
 	sort.Slice(entries, func(i, j int) bool {
 		return entries[i].Path < entries[j].Path
 	})
 	jsonBytes, err := json.MarshalIndent(entries, "", "  ")
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
@@ -1,52 +1,22 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # this script runs in alpine image which only has `sh` shell
-
+if [ ! -f ./options/locale/locale_en-US.json ]; then
 set +e
 if sed --version 2>/dev/null | grep -q GNU; then
  SED_INPLACE="sed -i"
 else
  SED_INPLACE="sed -i ''"
 fi
 set -e
 if [ ! -f ./options/locale/locale_en-US.ini ]; then
  echo "please run this script in the root directory of the project"
  exit 1
 fi
-mv ./options/locale/locale_en-US.ini ./options/
+mv ./options/locale/locale_en-US.json ./options/
 # the "ini" library for locale has many quirks, its behavior is different from Crowdin.
 # see i18n_test.go for more details
 # this script helps to unquote the Crowdin outputs for the quirky ini library
 # * find all `key="...\"..."` lines
 # * remove the leading quote
 # * remove the trailing quote
 # * unescape the quotes
 # * eg: key="...\"..." => key=..."...
 $SED_INPLACE -r -e '/^[-.A-Za-z0-9_]+[ ]*=[ ]*".*"$/ {
 	s/^([-.A-Za-z0-9_]+)[ ]*=[ ]*"/\1=/
 	s/"$//
 	s/\\"/"/g
 	}' ./options/locale/*.ini
 # * if the escaped line is incomplete like `key="...` or `key=..."`, quote it with backticks
 # * eg: key="... => key=`"...`
 # * eg: key=..." => key=`..."`
 $SED_INPLACE -r -e 's/^([-.A-Za-z0-9_]+)[ ]*=[ ]*(".*[^"])$/\1=`\2`/' ./options/locale/*.ini
 $SED_INPLACE -r -e 's/^([-.A-Za-z0-9_]+)[ ]*=[ ]*([^"].*")$/\1=`\2`/' ./options/locale/*.ini
 # Remove translation under 25% of en_us
-baselines=$(wc -l "./options/locale_en-US.ini" | cut -d" " -f1)
+baselines=$(cat "./options/locale_en-US.json" | wc -l)
 baselines=$((baselines / 4))
-for filename in ./options/locale/*.ini; do
+for filename in ./options/locale/*.json; do
-  lines=$(wc -l "$filename" | cut -d" " -f1)
+  lines=$(cat "$filename" | wc -l)
-  if [ $lines -lt $baselines ]; then
+  if [ "$lines" -lt "$baselines" ]; then
    echo "Removing $filename: $lines/$baselines"
    rm "$filename"
  fi
 done
-mv ./options/locale_en-US.ini ./options/locale/
+mv ./options/locale_en-US.json ./options/locale/
@@ -13,17 +13,18 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var (
+func newActionsCommand() *cli.Command {
-	// CmdActions represents the available actions sub-commands.
+	return &cli.Command{
 	CmdActions = &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "actions",
 		Usage: "Manage Gitea Actions",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-			subcmdActionsGenRunnerToken,
+			newActionsGenerateRunnerTokenCommand(),
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdActionsGenRunnerToken = &cli.Command{
+func newActionsGenerateRunnerTokenCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:    "generate-runner-token",
 		Usage:   "Generate a new token for a runner to use to register with the server",
 		Action:  runGenerateActionsRunnerToken,
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-)
+}
 func runGenerateActionsRunnerToken(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	setting.MustInstalled()
@@ -18,36 +18,41 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var (
+func newAdminCommand() *cli.Command {
-	// CmdAdmin represents the available admin sub-command.
+	return &cli.Command{
 	CmdAdmin = &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "admin",
 		Usage: "Perform common administrative operations",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-			subcmdUser,
+			newUserCommand(),
-			subcmdRepoSyncReleases,
+			newRepoSyncReleasesCommand(),
-			subcmdRegenerate,
+			newRegenerateCommand(),
-			subcmdAuth,
+			newAuthCommand(),
-			subcmdSendMail,
+			newSendMailCommand(),
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdRepoSyncReleases = &cli.Command{
+func newRepoSyncReleasesCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "repo-sync-releases",
 		Usage:  "Synchronize repository releases with tags",
 		Action: runRepoSyncReleases,
 	}
 }
-	subcmdRegenerate = &cli.Command{
+func newRegenerateCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "regenerate",
 		Usage: "Regenerate specific files",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-			microcmdRegenHooks,
+			newRegenerateHooksCommand(),
-			microcmdRegenKeys,
+			newRegenerateKeysCommand(),
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdAuth = &cli.Command{
+func newAuthCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "auth",
 		Usage: "Modify external auth providers",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
@@ -59,12 +64,14 @@ var (
 			microcmdAuthUpdateLdapSimpleAuth(),
 			microcmdAuthAddSMTP(),
 			microcmdAuthUpdateSMTP(),
-			microcmdAuthList,
+			newAuthListCommand(),
-			microcmdAuthDelete,
+			newAuthDeleteCommand(),
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdSendMail = &cli.Command{
+func newSendMailCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "sendmail",
 		Usage:  "Send a message to all users",
 		Action: runSendMail,
@@ -86,7 +93,7 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-)
+}
 func idFlag() *cli.Int64Flag {
 	return &cli.Int64Flag{
@@ -121,7 +128,7 @@ func runRepoSyncReleases(ctx context.Context, _ *cli.Command) error {
 		}
 		log.Trace("Processing next %d repos of %d", len(repos), count)
 		for _, repo := range repos {
-			log.Trace("Synchronizing repo %s with path %s", repo.FullName(), repo.RepoPath())
+			log.Trace("Synchronizing repo %s with path %s", repo.FullName(), repo.RelativePath())
 			gitRepo, err := gitrepo.OpenRepository(ctx, repo)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Warn("OpenRepository: %v", err)
@@ -134,7 +141,7 @@ func runRepoSyncReleases(ctx context.Context, _ *cli.Command) error {
 			}
 			log.Trace(" currentNumReleases is %d, running SyncReleasesWithTags", oldnum)
-			if err = repo_module.SyncReleasesWithTags(ctx, repo, gitRepo); err != nil {
+			if _, err = repo_module.SyncReleasesWithTags(ctx, repo, gitRepo); err != nil {
 				log.Warn(" SyncReleasesWithTags: %v", err)
 				gitRepo.Close()
 				continue
@@ -147,7 +154,7 @@ func runRepoSyncReleases(ctx context.Context, _ *cli.Command) error {
 				continue
 			}
-			log.Trace(" repo %s releases synchronized to tags: from %d to %d",
+			log.Trace("repo %s releases synchronized to tags: from %d to %d",
 				repo.FullName(), oldnum, count)
 			gitRepo.Close()
 		}
@@ -17,14 +17,17 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var (
+func newAuthDeleteCommand() *cli.Command {
-	microcmdAuthDelete = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "delete",
 		Usage:  "Delete specific auth source",
 		Flags:  []cli.Flag{idFlag()},
 		Action: runDeleteAuth,
 	}
-	microcmdAuthList = &cli.Command{
+}
 func newAuthListCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "list",
 		Usage:  "List auth sources",
 		Action: runListAuth,
@@ -55,7 +58,7 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-)
+}
 func runListAuth(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -94,6 +94,10 @@ func commonLdapCLIFlags() []cli.Flag {
 			Name:  "public-ssh-key-attribute",
 			Usage: "The attribute of the user’s LDAP record containing the user’s public ssh key.",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "ssh-keys-are-verified",
 			Usage: "Set to true to automatically flag SSH keys in LDAP as verified.",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "skip-local-2fa",
 			Usage: "Set to true to skip local 2fa for users authenticated by this source",
@@ -294,6 +298,9 @@ func parseLdapConfig(c *cli.Command, config *ldap.Source) error {
 	if c.IsSet("public-ssh-key-attribute") {
 		config.AttributeSSHPublicKey = c.String("public-ssh-key-attribute")
 	}
 	if c.IsSet("ssh-keys-are-verified") {
 		config.SSHKeysAreVerified = c.Bool("ssh-keys-are-verified")
 	}
 	if c.IsSet("avatar-attribute") {
 		config.AttributeAvatar = c.String("avatar-attribute")
 	}
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ func TestAddLdapBindDn(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			getAuthSourceByID: func(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*auth.Source, error) {
 				assert.FailNow(t, "getAuthSourceByID called", "case %d: should not call getAuthSourceByID", n)
-				return nil, nil
+				return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // mock function covering improper behavior
 			},
 		}
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ func TestAddLdapSimpleAuth(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			getAuthSourceByID: func(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*auth.Source, error) {
 				assert.FailNow(t, "getAuthSourceById called", "case %d: should not call getAuthSourceByID", n)
-				return nil, nil
+				return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // mock function covering improper behavior
 			},
 		}
@@ -13,19 +13,21 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var (
+func newRegenerateHooksCommand() *cli.Command {
-	microcmdRegenHooks = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "hooks",
 		Usage:  "Regenerate git-hooks",
 		Action: runRegenerateHooks,
 	}
 }
-	microcmdRegenKeys = &cli.Command{
+func newRegenerateKeysCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "keys",
 		Usage:  "Regenerate authorized_keys file",
 		Action: runRegenerateKeys,
 	}
-)
+}
 func runRegenerateHooks(ctx context.Context, _ *cli.Command) error {
 	if err := initDB(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -7,15 +7,17 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var subcmdUser = &cli.Command{
+func newUserCommand() *cli.Command {
-	Name:  "user",
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Usage: "Modify users",
+		Name:  "user",
-	Commands: []*cli.Command{
+		Usage: "Modify users",
-		microcmdUserCreate(),
+		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-		microcmdUserList,
+			microcmdUserCreate(),
-		microcmdUserChangePassword(),
+			newUserListCommand(),
-		microcmdUserDelete(),
+			microcmdUserChangePassword(),
-		microcmdUserGenerateAccessToken,
+			microcmdUserDelete(),
-		microcmdUserMustChangePassword(),
+			newUserGenerateAccessTokenCommand(),
-	},
+			microcmdUserMustChangePassword(),
 		},
 	}
 }
@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ func runCreateUser(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		// codeql[disable-next-line=go/clear-text-logging]
 		fmt.Printf("generated random password is '%s'\n", password)
 	} else if userType == user_model.UserTypeIndividual {
 		return errors.New("must set either password or random-password flag")
@@ -14,32 +14,34 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var microcmdUserGenerateAccessToken = &cli.Command{
+func newUserGenerateAccessTokenCommand() *cli.Command {
-	Name:  "generate-access-token",
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Usage: "Generate an access token for a specific user",
+		Name:  "generate-access-token",
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Usage: "Generate an access token for a specific user",
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			Name:    "username",
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Aliases: []string{"u"},
+				Name:    "username",
-			Usage:   "Username",
+				Aliases: []string{"u"},
 				Usage:   "Username",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "token-name",
 				Aliases: []string{"t"},
 				Usage:   "Token name",
 				Value:   "gitea-admin",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "raw",
 				Usage: "Display only the token value",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "scopes",
 				Value: "all",
 				Usage: `Comma separated list of scopes to apply to access token, examples: "all", "public-only,read:issue", "write:repository,write:user"`,
 			},
 		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+		Action: runGenerateAccessToken,
-			Name:    "token-name",
+	}
 			Aliases: []string{"t"},
 			Usage:   "Token name",
 			Value:   "gitea-admin",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "raw",
 			Usage: "Display only the token value",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "scopes",
 			Value: "all",
 			Usage: `Comma separated list of scopes to apply to access token, examples: "all", "public-only,read:issue", "write:repository,write:user"`,
 		},
 	},
 	Action: runGenerateAccessToken,
 }
 func runGenerateAccessToken(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
@@ -14,16 +14,18 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var microcmdUserList = &cli.Command{
+func newUserListCommand() *cli.Command {
-	Name:   "list",
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Usage:  "List users",
+		Name:   "list",
-	Action: runListUsers,
+		Usage:  "List users",
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Action: runListUsers,
-		&cli.BoolFlag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			Name:  "admin",
+			&cli.BoolFlag{
-			Usage: "List only admin users",
+				Name:  "admin",
 				Usage: "List only admin users",
 			},
 		},
-	},
+	}
 }
 func runListUsers(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ func runMustChangePassword(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	// codeql[disable-next-line=go/clear-text-logging]
 	fmt.Printf("Updated %d users setting MustChangePassword to %t\n", n, mustChangePassword)
 	return nil
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
 // Copyright 2025 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 package cmd
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
 func cmdConfig() *cli.Command {
 	subcmdConfigEditIni := &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "edit-ini",
 		Usage: "Load an existing INI file, apply environment variables, keep specified keys, and output to a new INI file.",
 		Description: `
 Help users to edit the Gitea configuration INI file.
 # Keep Specified Keys
 If you need to re-create the configuration file with only a subset of keys,
 you can provide an INI template file for the kept keys and use the "--config-keep-keys" flag.
 For example, if a helm chart needs to reset the settings and only keep SECRET_KEY,
 it can use a template file (only keys take effect, values are ignored):
  [security]
  SECRET_KEY=
 $ ./gitea config edit-ini --config app-old.ini --config-keep-keys app-keys.ini --out app-new.ini
 # Map Environment Variables to INI Configuration
 Environment variables of the form "GITEA__section_name__KEY_NAME"
 will be mapped to the ini section "[section_name]" and the key
 "KEY_NAME" with the value as provided.
 Environment variables of the form "GITEA__section_name__KEY_NAME__FILE"
 will be mapped to the ini section "[section_name]" and the key
 "KEY_NAME" with the value loaded from the specified file.
 Environment variable keys can only contain characters "0-9A-Z_",
 if a section or key name contains dot ".", it needs to be escaped as _0x2E_.
 For example, to apply this config:
 	[git.config]
 	foo.bar=val
 $ export GITEA__git_0x2E_config__foo_0x2E_bar=val
 # Put All Together
 $ ./gitea config edit-ini --config app.ini --config-keep-keys app-keys.ini --apply-env {--in-place|--out app-new.ini}
 `,
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			// "--config" flag is provided by global flags, and this flag is also used by "environment-to-ini" script wrapper
 			// "--in-place" is also used by "environment-to-ini" script wrapper for its old behavior: always overwrite the existing config file
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "in-place",
 				Usage: "Output to the same config file as input. This flag will be ignored if --out is set.",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "config-keep-keys",
 				Usage: "An INI template file containing keys for keeping. Only the keys defined in the INI template will be kept from old config. If not set, all keys will be kept.",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "apply-env",
 				Usage: "Apply all GITEA__* variables from the environment to the config.",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "out",
 				Usage: "Destination config file to write to.",
 			},
 		},
 		Action: runConfigEditIni,
 	}
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "config",
 		Usage: "Manage Gitea configuration",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
 			subcmdConfigEditIni,
 		},
 	}
 }
 func runConfigEditIni(_ context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	// the config system may change the environment variables, so get a copy first, to be used later
 	env := append([]string{}, os.Environ()...)
 	// don't use the guessed setting.CustomConf, instead, require the user to provide --config explicitly
 	if !c.IsSet("config") {
 		return errors.New("flag is required but not set: --config")
 	}
 	configFileIn := c.String("config")
 	cfgIn, err := setting.NewConfigProviderFromFile(configFileIn)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load config file %q: %v", configFileIn, err)
 	}
 	// determine output config file: use "--out" flag or use "--in-place" flag to overwrite input file
 	inPlace := c.Bool("in-place")
 	configFileOut := c.String("out")
 	if configFileOut == "" {
 		if !inPlace {
 			return errors.New("either --in-place or --out must be specified")
 		}
 		configFileOut = configFileIn // in-place edit
 	}
 	needWriteOut := configFileOut != configFileIn
 	cfgOut := cfgIn
 	configKeepKeys := c.String("config-keep-keys")
 	if configKeepKeys != "" {
 		needWriteOut = true
 		cfgOut, err = setting.NewConfigProviderFromFile(configKeepKeys)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to load config-keep-keys template file %q: %v", configKeepKeys, err)
 		}
 		for _, secOut := range cfgOut.Sections() {
 			for _, keyOut := range secOut.Keys() {
 				secIn := cfgIn.Section(secOut.Name())
 				keyIn := setting.ConfigSectionKey(secIn, keyOut.Name())
 				if keyIn != nil {
 					keyOut.SetValue(keyIn.String())
 				} else {
 					secOut.DeleteKey(keyOut.Name())
 				}
 			}
 			if len(secOut.Keys()) == 0 {
 				cfgOut.DeleteSection(secOut.Name())
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	if c.Bool("apply-env") {
 		if setting.EnvironmentToConfig(cfgOut, env) {
 			needWriteOut = true
 		}
 	}
 	if needWriteOut {
 		err = cfgOut.SaveTo(configFileOut)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
 // Copyright 2025 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 package cmd
 import (
 	"os"
 	"testing"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 func TestConfigEdit(t *testing.T) {
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	configOld := tmpDir + "/app-old.ini"
 	configTemplate := tmpDir + "/app-template.ini"
 	_ = os.WriteFile(configOld, []byte(`
 [sec]
 k1=v1
 k2=v2
 `), os.ModePerm)
 	_ = os.WriteFile(configTemplate, []byte(`
 [sec]
 k1=in-template
 [sec2]
 k3=v3
 `), os.ModePerm)
 	t.Setenv("GITEA__EnV__KeY", "val")
 	t.Run("OutputToNewWithEnv", func(t *testing.T) {
 		configNew := tmpDir + "/app-new.ini"
 		err := NewMainApp(AppVersion{}).Run(t.Context(), []string{
 			"./gitea", "--config", configOld,
 			"config", "edit-ini",
 			"--apply-env",
 			"--config-keep-keys", configTemplate,
 			"--out", configNew,
 		})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		// "k1" old value is kept because its key is in the template
 		// "k2" is removed because it isn't in the template
 		// "k3" isn't in new config because it isn't in the old config
 		// [env] is applied from environment variable
 		data, _ := os.ReadFile(configNew)
 		require.Equal(t, `[sec]
 k1 = v1
 [env]
 KeY = val
 `, string(data))
 	})
 	t.Run("OutputToExisting(environment-to-ini)", func(t *testing.T) {
 		// the legacy "environment-to-ini" (now a wrapper script) behavior:
 		// if no "--out", then "--in-place" must be used to overwrite the existing "--config" file
 		err := NewMainApp(AppVersion{}).Run(t.Context(), []string{
 			"./gitea", "config", "edit-ini",
 			"--apply-env",
 			"--config", configOld,
 		})
 		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "either --in-place or --out must be specified")
 		// simulate the "environment-to-ini" behavior with "--in-place"
 		err = NewMainApp(AppVersion{}).Run(t.Context(), []string{
 			"./gitea", "config", "edit-ini",
 			"--in-place",
 			"--apply-env",
 			"--config", configOld,
 		})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		data, _ := os.ReadFile(configOld)
 		require.Equal(t, `[sec]
 k1 = v1
 k2 = v2
 [env]
 KeY = val
 `, string(data))
 	})
 }
@@ -13,23 +13,24 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// CmdDocs represents the available docs sub-command.
+func newDocsCommand() *cli.Command {
-var CmdDocs = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "docs",
+		Name:        "docs",
-	Usage:       "Output CLI documentation",
+		Usage:       "Output CLI documentation",
-	Description: "A command to output Gitea's CLI documentation, optionally to a file.",
+		Description: "A command to output Gitea's CLI documentation, optionally to a file.",
-	Action:      runDocs,
+		Action:      runDocs,
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		&cli.BoolFlag{
+			&cli.BoolFlag{
-			Name:  "man",
+				Name:  "man",
-			Usage: "Output man pages instead",
+				Usage: "Output man pages instead",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "output",
 				Aliases: []string{"o"},
 				Usage:   "Path to output to instead of stdout (will overwrite if exists)",
 			},
 		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+	}
 			Name:    "output",
 			Aliases: []string{"o"},
 			Usage:   "Path to output to instead of stdout (will overwrite if exists)",
 		},
 	},
 }
 func runDocs(_ context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
@@ -24,73 +24,77 @@ import (
 	"xorm.io/xorm"
 )
-// CmdDoctor represents the available doctor sub-command.
+func newDoctorCommand() *cli.Command {
-var CmdDoctor = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "doctor",
+		Name:        "doctor",
-	Usage:       "Diagnose and optionally fix problems, convert or re-create database tables",
+		Usage:       "Diagnose and optionally fix problems, convert or re-create database tables",
-	Description: "A command to diagnose problems with the current Gitea instance according to the given configuration. Some problems can optionally be fixed by modifying the database or data storage.",
+		Description: "A command to diagnose problems with the current Gitea instance according to the given configuration. Some problems can optionally be fixed by modifying the database or data storage.",
-
+		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-	Commands: []*cli.Command{
+			newDoctorCheckCommand(),
-		cmdDoctorCheck,
+			newRecreateTableCommand(),
-		cmdRecreateTable,
+			newDoctorConvertCommand(),
-		cmdDoctorConvert,
+		},
-	},
+	}
 }
-var cmdDoctorCheck = &cli.Command{
+func newDoctorCheckCommand() *cli.Command {
-	Name:        "check",
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Usage:       "Diagnose and optionally fix problems",
+		Name:        "check",
-	Description: "A command to diagnose problems with the current Gitea instance according to the given configuration. Some problems can optionally be fixed by modifying the database or data storage.",
+		Usage:       "Diagnose and optionally fix problems",
-	Action:      runDoctorCheck,
+		Description: "A command to diagnose problems with the current Gitea instance according to the given configuration. Some problems can optionally be fixed by modifying the database or data storage.",
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Action:      runDoctorCheck,
-		&cli.BoolFlag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			Name:  "list",
+			&cli.BoolFlag{
-			Usage: "List the available checks",
+				Name:  "list",
 				Usage: "List the available checks",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "default",
 				Usage: "Run the default checks (if neither --run or --all is set, this is the default behaviour)",
 			},
 			&cli.StringSliceFlag{
 				Name:  "run",
 				Usage: "Run the provided checks - (if --default is set, the default checks will also run)",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "all",
 				Usage: "Run all the available checks",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "fix",
 				Usage: "Automatically fix what we can",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "log-file",
 				Usage: `Name of the log file (no verbose log output by default). Set to "-" to output to stdout`,
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:    "color",
 				Aliases: []string{"H"},
 				Usage:   "Use color for outputted information",
 			},
 		},
-		&cli.BoolFlag{
+	}
 			Name:  "default",
 			Usage: "Run the default checks (if neither --run or --all is set, this is the default behaviour)",
 		},
 		&cli.StringSliceFlag{
 			Name:  "run",
 			Usage: "Run the provided checks - (if --default is set, the default checks will also run)",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "all",
 			Usage: "Run all the available checks",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "fix",
 			Usage: "Automatically fix what we can",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "log-file",
 			Usage: `Name of the log file (no verbose log output by default). Set to "-" to output to stdout`,
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:    "color",
 			Aliases: []string{"H"},
 			Usage:   "Use color for outputted information",
 		},
 	},
 }
-var cmdRecreateTable = &cli.Command{
+func newRecreateTableCommand() *cli.Command {
-	Name:      "recreate-table",
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Usage:     "Recreate tables from XORM definitions and copy the data.",
+		Name:      "recreate-table",
-	ArgsUsage: "[TABLE]... : (TABLEs to recreate - leave blank for all)",
+		Usage:     "Recreate tables from XORM definitions and copy the data.",
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		ArgsUsage: "[TABLE]... : (TABLEs to recreate - leave blank for all)",
-		&cli.BoolFlag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			Name:  "debug",
+			&cli.BoolFlag{
-			Usage: "Print SQL commands sent",
+				Name:  "debug",
 				Usage: "Print SQL commands sent",
 			},
 		},
-	},
+		Description: `The database definitions Gitea uses change across versions, sometimes changing default values and leaving old unused columns.
 	Description: `The database definitions Gitea uses change across versions, sometimes changing default values and leaving old unused columns.
 This command will cause Xorm to recreate tables, copying over the data and deleting the old table.
 You should back-up your database before doing this and ensure that your database is up-to-date first.`,
-	Action: runRecreateTable,
+		Action: runRecreateTable,
 	}
 }
 func runRecreateTable(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// cmdDoctorConvert represents the available convert sub-command.
+func newDoctorConvertCommand() *cli.Command {
-var cmdDoctorConvert = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "convert",
+		Name:        "convert",
-	Usage:       "Convert the database",
+		Usage:       "Convert the database",
-	Description: "A command to convert an existing MySQL database from utf8 to utf8mb4 or MSSQL database from varchar to nvarchar",
+		Description: "A command to convert an existing MySQL database from utf8 to utf8mb4 or MSSQL database from varchar to nvarchar",
-	Action:      runDoctorConvert,
+		Action:      runDoctorConvert,
 	}
 }
 func runDoctorConvert(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func TestDoctorRun(t *testing.T) {
 		SkipDatabaseInitialization: true,
 	})
 	app := &cli.Command{
-		Commands: []*cli.Command{cmdDoctorCheck},
+		Commands: []*cli.Command{newDoctorCheckCommand()},
 	}
 	err := app.Run(t.Context(), []string{"./gitea", "check", "--run", "test-check"})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
@@ -23,78 +23,79 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// CmdDump represents the available dump sub-command.
+func newDumpCommand() *cli.Command {
-var CmdDump = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "dump",
+		Name:        "dump",
-	Usage:       "Dump Gitea files and database",
+		Usage:       "Dump Gitea files and database",
-	Description: `Dump compresses all related files and database into zip file. It can be used for backup and capture Gitea server image to send to maintainer`,
+		Description: `Dump compresses all related files and database into zip file. It can be used for backup and capture Gitea server image to send to maintainer`,
-	Action:      runDump,
+		Action:      runDump,
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:    "file",
+				Name:    "file",
-			Aliases: []string{"f"},
+				Aliases: []string{"f"},
-			Usage:   `Name of the dump file which will be created, default to "gitea-dump-{time}.zip". Supply '-' for stdout. See type for available types.`,
+				Usage:   `Name of the dump file which will be created, default to "gitea-dump-{time}.zip". Supply '-' for stdout. See type for available types.`,
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:    "verbose",
 				Aliases: []string{"V"},
 				Usage:   "Show process details",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:    "quiet",
 				Aliases: []string{"q"},
 				Usage:   "Only display warnings and errors",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "tempdir",
 				Aliases: []string{"t"},
 				Value:   os.TempDir(),
 				Usage:   "Temporary dir path",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "database",
 				Aliases: []string{"d"},
 				Usage:   "Specify the database SQL syntax: sqlite3, mysql, mssql, postgres",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:    "skip-repository",
 				Aliases: []string{"R"},
 				Usage:   "Skip the repository dumping",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:    "skip-log",
 				Aliases: []string{"L"},
 				Usage:   "Skip the log dumping",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "skip-custom-dir",
 				Usage: "Skip custom directory",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "skip-lfs-data",
 				Usage: "Skip LFS data",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "skip-attachment-data",
 				Usage: "Skip attachment data",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "skip-package-data",
 				Usage: "Skip package data",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "skip-index",
 				Usage: "Skip bleve index data",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "skip-db",
 				Usage: "Skip database",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "type",
 				Usage: `Dump output format, default to "zip", supported types: ` + strings.Join(dump.SupportedOutputTypes, ", "),
 			},
 		},
-		&cli.BoolFlag{
+	}
 			Name:    "verbose",
 			Aliases: []string{"V"},
 			Usage:   "Show process details",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:    "quiet",
 			Aliases: []string{"q"},
 			Usage:   "Only display warnings and errors",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "tempdir",
 			Aliases: []string{"t"},
 			Value:   os.TempDir(),
 			Usage:   "Temporary dir path",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "database",
 			Aliases: []string{"d"},
 			Usage:   "Specify the database SQL syntax: sqlite3, mysql, mssql, postgres",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:    "skip-repository",
 			Aliases: []string{"R"},
 			Usage:   "Skip the repository dumping",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:    "skip-log",
 			Aliases: []string{"L"},
 			Usage:   "Skip the log dumping",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "skip-custom-dir",
 			Usage: "Skip custom directory",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "skip-lfs-data",
 			Usage: "Skip LFS data",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "skip-attachment-data",
 			Usage: "Skip attachment data",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "skip-package-data",
 			Usage: "Skip package data",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "skip-index",
 			Usage: "Skip bleve index data",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "skip-db",
 			Usage: "Skip database",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "type",
 			Usage: `Dump output format, default to "zip", supported types: ` + strings.Join(dump.SupportedOutputTypes, ", "),
 		},
 	},
 }
 func fatal(format string, args ...any) {
@@ -22,61 +22,62 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// CmdDumpRepository represents the available dump repository sub-command.
+func newDumpRepositoryCommand() *cli.Command {
-var CmdDumpRepository = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "dump-repo",
+		Name:        "dump-repo",
-	Usage:       "Dump the repository from git/github/gitea/gitlab",
+		Usage:       "Dump the repository from git/github/gitea/gitlab",
-	Description: "This is a command for dumping the repository data.",
+		Description: "This is a command for dumping the repository data.",
-	Action:      runDumpRepository,
+		Action:      runDumpRepository,
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "git_service",
+				Name:  "git_service",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: "Git service, git, github, gitea, gitlab. If clone_addr could be recognized, this could be ignored.",
+				Usage: "Git service, git, github, gitea, gitlab. If clone_addr could be recognized, this could be ignored.",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:    "repo_dir",
+				Name:    "repo_dir",
-			Aliases: []string{"r"},
+				Aliases: []string{"r"},
-			Value:   "./data",
+				Value:   "./data",
-			Usage:   "Repository dir path to store the data",
+				Usage:   "Repository dir path to store the data",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "clone_addr",
+				Name:  "clone_addr",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: "The URL will be clone, currently could be a git/github/gitea/gitlab http/https URL",
+				Usage: "The URL will be clone, currently could be a git/github/gitea/gitlab http/https URL",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "auth_username",
+				Name:  "auth_username",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: "The username to visit the clone_addr",
+				Usage: "The username to visit the clone_addr",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "auth_password",
+				Name:  "auth_password",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: "The password to visit the clone_addr",
+				Usage: "The password to visit the clone_addr",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "auth_token",
+				Name:  "auth_token",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: "The personal token to visit the clone_addr",
+				Usage: "The personal token to visit the clone_addr",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "owner_name",
+				Name:  "owner_name",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: "The data will be stored on a directory with owner name if not empty",
+				Usage: "The data will be stored on a directory with owner name if not empty",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "repo_name",
+				Name:  "repo_name",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: "The data will be stored on a directory with repository name if not empty",
+				Usage: "The data will be stored on a directory with repository name if not empty",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "units",
+				Name:  "units",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: `Which items will be migrated, one or more units should be separated as comma.
+				Usage: `Which items will be migrated, one or more units should be separated as comma.
 wiki, issues, labels, releases, release_assets, milestones, pull_requests, comments are allowed. Empty means all units.`,
 			},
 		},
-	},
+	}
 }
 func runDumpRepository(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
@@ -23,20 +23,23 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// CmdEmbedded represents the available extract sub-command.
+var matchedAssetFiles []assetFile
-var (
+
-	CmdEmbedded = &cli.Command{
+func newEmbeddedCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:        "embedded",
 		Usage:       "Extract embedded resources",
 		Description: "A command for extracting embedded resources, like templates and images",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-			subcmdList,
+			newEmbeddedListCommand(),
-			subcmdView,
+			newEmbeddedViewCommand(),
-			subcmdExtract,
+			newEmbeddedExtractCommand(),
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdList = &cli.Command{
+func newEmbeddedListCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "list",
 		Usage:  "List files matching the given pattern",
 		Action: runList,
@@ -48,8 +51,10 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdView = &cli.Command{
+func newEmbeddedViewCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "view",
 		Usage:  "View a file matching the given pattern",
 		Action: runView,
@@ -61,8 +66,10 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdExtract = &cli.Command{
+func newEmbeddedExtractCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "extract",
 		Usage:  "Extract resources",
 		Action: runExtract,
@@ -91,9 +98,7 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-
+}
 	matchedAssetFiles []assetFile
 )
 type assetFile struct {
 	fs   *assetfs.LayeredFS
@@ -15,45 +15,52 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var (
+func newGenerateCommand() *cli.Command {
-	// CmdGenerate represents the available generate sub-command.
+	return &cli.Command{
 	CmdGenerate = &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "generate",
 		Usage: "Generate Gitea's secrets/keys/tokens",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-			subcmdSecret,
+			newGenerateSecretCommand(),
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdSecret = &cli.Command{
+func newGenerateSecretCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "secret",
 		Usage: "Generate a secret token",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-			microcmdGenerateInternalToken,
+			newGenerateInternalTokenCommand(),
-			microcmdGenerateLfsJwtSecret,
+			newGenerateLfsJWTSecretCommand(),
-			microcmdGenerateSecretKey,
+			newGenerateSecretKeyCommand(),
 		},
 	}
 }
-	microcmdGenerateInternalToken = &cli.Command{
+func newGenerateInternalTokenCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "INTERNAL_TOKEN",
 		Usage:  "Generate a new INTERNAL_TOKEN",
 		Action: runGenerateInternalToken,
 	}
 }
-	microcmdGenerateLfsJwtSecret = &cli.Command{
+func newGenerateLfsJWTSecretCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:    "JWT_SECRET",
 		Aliases: []string{"LFS_JWT_SECRET"},
 		Usage:   "Generate a new JWT_SECRET",
 		Action:  runGenerateLfsJwtSecret,
 	}
 }
-	microcmdGenerateSecretKey = &cli.Command{
+func newGenerateSecretKeyCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "SECRET_KEY",
 		Usage:  "Generate a new SECRET_KEY",
 		Action: runGenerateSecretKey,
 	}
-)
+}
 func runGenerateInternalToken(_ context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	internalToken, err := generate.NewInternalToken()
@@ -71,11 +78,7 @@ func runGenerateInternalToken(_ context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 }
 func runGenerateLfsJwtSecret(_ context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
-	_, jwtSecretBase64, err := generate.NewJwtSecretWithBase64()
+	_, jwtSecretBase64 := generate.NewJwtSecretWithBase64()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	fmt.Printf("%s", jwtSecretBase64)
 	if isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) {
@@ -91,6 +94,7 @@ func runGenerateSecretKey(_ context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	// codeql[disable-next-line=go/clear-text-logging]
 	fmt.Printf("%s", secretKey)
 	if isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) {
@@ -28,23 +28,24 @@ const (
 	hookBatchSize = 500
 )
-var (
+func newHookCommand() *cli.Command {
-	// CmdHook represents the available hooks sub-command.
+	return &cli.Command{
 	CmdHook = &cli.Command{
 		Name:        "hook",
 		Usage:       "(internal) Should only be called by Git",
 		Hidden:      true, // internal commands shouldn't be visible
 		Description: "Delegate commands to corresponding Git hooks",
 		Before:      PrepareConsoleLoggerLevel(log.FATAL),
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-			subcmdHookPreReceive,
+			newHookPreReceiveCommand(),
-			subcmdHookUpdate,
+			newHookUpdateCommand(),
-			subcmdHookPostReceive,
+			newHookPostReceiveCommand(),
-			subcmdHookProcReceive,
+			newHookProcReceiveCommand(),
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdHookPreReceive = &cli.Command{
+func newHookPreReceiveCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:        "pre-receive",
 		Usage:       "Delegate pre-receive Git hook",
 		Description: "This command should only be called by Git",
@@ -55,7 +56,10 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-	subcmdHookUpdate = &cli.Command{
+}
 func newHookUpdateCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:        "update",
 		Usage:       "Delegate update Git hook",
 		Description: "This command should only be called by Git",
@@ -66,7 +70,10 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-	subcmdHookPostReceive = &cli.Command{
+}
 func newHookPostReceiveCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:        "post-receive",
 		Usage:       "Delegate post-receive Git hook",
 		Description: "This command should only be called by Git",
@@ -77,8 +84,11 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-	// Note: new hook since git 2.29
+}
-	subcmdHookProcReceive = &cli.Command{
+
 // Note: new hook since git 2.29
 func newHookProcReceiveCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:        "proc-receive",
 		Usage:       "Delegate proc-receive Git hook",
 		Description: "This command should only be called by Git",
@@ -89,7 +99,7 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-)
+}
 type delayWriter struct {
 	internal io.Writer
@@ -194,7 +204,7 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 	userID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPusherID), 10, 64)
 	prID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPRID), 10, 64)
 	deployKeyID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvDeployKeyID), 10, 64)
-	actionPerm, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvActionPerm), 10, 64)
+	actionsTaskID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvActionsTaskID), 10, 64)
 	hookOptions := private.HookOptions{
 		UserID:                          userID,
@@ -204,7 +214,8 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 		GitPushOptions:                  pushOptions(),
 		PullRequestID:                   prID,
 		DeployKeyID:                     deployKeyID,
-		ActionPerm:                      int(actionPerm),
+		ActionsTaskID:                   actionsTaskID,
 		IsWiki:                          isWiki,
 	}
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
@@ -275,6 +286,9 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 			lastline = 0
 		}
 	}
 	if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
 		return fail(ctx, "Hook failed: stdin read error", "scanner error: %v", err)
 	}
 	if count > 0 {
 		hookOptions.OldCommitIDs = oldCommitIDs[:count]
@@ -318,7 +332,7 @@ func runHookPostReceive(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	setup(ctx, c.Bool("debug"))
 	// First of all run update-server-info no matter what
-	if _, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("update-server-info").RunStdString(ctx, nil); err != nil {
+	if err := gitcmd.NewCommand("update-server-info").RunWithStderr(ctx); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to call 'git update-server-info': %w", err)
 	}
@@ -366,6 +380,7 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 		GitPushOptions:                  pushOptions(),
 		PullRequestID:                   prID,
 		PushTrigger:                     repo_module.PushTrigger(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPushTrigger)),
 		IsWiki:                          isWiki,
 	}
 	oldCommitIDs := make([]string, hookBatchSize)
 	newCommitIDs := make([]string, hookBatchSize)
@@ -413,6 +428,11 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 			count = 0
 		}
 	}
 	if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
 		_ = dWriter.Close()
 		hookPrintResults(results)
 		return fail(ctx, "Hook failed: stdin read error", "scanner error: %v", err)
 	}
 	if count == 0 {
 		if wasEmpty && masterPushed {
@@ -513,6 +533,7 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 	reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
 	repoUser := os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvRepoUsername)
 	isWiki, _ := strconv.ParseBool(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvRepoIsWiki))
 	repoName := os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvRepoName)
 	pusherID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPusherID), 10, 64)
 	pusherName := os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPusherName)
@@ -590,14 +611,15 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 		UserName:       pusherName,
 		UserID:         pusherID,
 		GitPushOptions: make(map[string]string),
 		IsWiki:         isWiki,
 	}
 	hookOptions.OldCommitIDs = make([]string, 0, hookBatchSize)
 	hookOptions.NewCommitIDs = make([]string, 0, hookBatchSize)
 	hookOptions.RefFullNames = make([]git.RefName, 0, hookBatchSize)
 	for {
-		// note: pktLineTypeUnknow means pktLineTypeFlush and pktLineTypeData all allowed
+		// note: pktLineTypeUnknown means pktLineTypeFlush and pktLineTypeData all allowed
-		rs, err = readPktLine(ctx, reader, pktLineTypeUnknow)
+		rs, err = readPktLine(ctx, reader, pktLineTypeUnknown)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -616,7 +638,7 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 	if hasPushOptions {
 		for {
-			rs, err = readPktLine(ctx, reader, pktLineTypeUnknow)
+			rs, err = readPktLine(ctx, reader, pktLineTypeUnknown)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
@@ -713,8 +735,8 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 type pktLineType int64
 const (
-	// UnKnow type
+	// Unknown type
-	pktLineTypeUnknow pktLineType = 0
+	pktLineTypeUnknown pktLineType = 0
 	// flush-pkt "0000"
 	pktLineTypeFlush pktLineType = iota
 	// data line
@@ -15,40 +15,42 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// CmdKeys represents the available keys sub-command
+// NewKeysCommand returns the internal SSH key lookup sub-command.
-var CmdKeys = &cli.Command{
+func NewKeysCommand() *cli.Command {
-	Name:        "keys",
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Usage:       "(internal) Should only be called by SSH server",
+		Name:        "keys",
-	Hidden:      true, // internal commands shouldn't be visible
+		Usage:       "(internal) Should only be called by SSH server",
-	Description: "Queries the Gitea database to get the authorized command for a given ssh key fingerprint",
+		Hidden:      true, // internal commands shouldn't be visible
-	Before:      PrepareConsoleLoggerLevel(log.FATAL),
+		Description: "Queries the Gitea database to get the authorized command for a given ssh key fingerprint",
-	Action:      runKeys,
+		Before:      PrepareConsoleLoggerLevel(log.FATAL),
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Action:      runKeys,
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			Name:    "expected",
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Aliases: []string{"e"},
+				Name:    "expected",
-			Value:   "git",
+				Aliases: []string{"e"},
-			Usage:   "Expected user for whom provide key commands",
+				Value:   "git",
 				Usage:   "Expected user for whom provide key commands",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "username",
 				Aliases: []string{"u"},
 				Value:   "",
 				Usage:   "Username trying to log in by SSH",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "type",
 				Aliases: []string{"t"},
 				Value:   "",
 				Usage:   "Type of the SSH key provided to the SSH Server (requires content to be provided too)",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "content",
 				Aliases: []string{"k"},
 				Value:   "",
 				Usage:   "Base64 encoded content of the SSH key provided to the SSH Server (requires type to be provided too)",
 			},
 		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+	}
 			Name:    "username",
 			Aliases: []string{"u"},
 			Value:   "",
 			Usage:   "Username trying to log in by SSH",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "type",
 			Aliases: []string{"t"},
 			Value:   "",
 			Usage:   "Type of the SSH key provided to the SSH Server (requires content to be provided too)",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "content",
 			Aliases: []string{"k"},
 			Value:   "",
 			Usage:   "Base64 encoded content of the SSH key provided to the SSH Server (requires type to be provided too)",
 		},
 	},
 }
 func runKeys(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ func runSendMail(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	setting.MustInstalled()
 	subject := c.String("title")
-	confirmSkiped := c.Bool("force")
+	confirmSkipped := c.Bool("force")
 	body := c.String("content")
-	if !confirmSkiped {
+	if !confirmSkipped {
 		if len(body) == 0 {
 			fmt.Print("warning: Content is empty")
 		}
@@ -112,34 +112,36 @@ func NewMainApp(appVer AppVersion) *cli.Command {
 			Usage:     "Set custom path (defaults to '{WorkPath}/custom')",
 		},
 	}
 	webCmd := newWebCommand()
 	// these sub-commands need to use a config file
 	subCmdWithConfig := []*cli.Command{
-		CmdWeb,
+		webCmd,
-		CmdServ,
+		newServCommand(),
-		CmdHook,
+		newHookCommand(),
-		CmdKeys,
+		NewKeysCommand(),
-		CmdDump,
+		newDumpCommand(),
-		CmdAdmin,
+		newAdminCommand(),
-		CmdMigrate,
+		newMigrateCommand(),
-		CmdDoctor,
+		newDoctorCommand(),
-		CmdManager,
+		newManagerCommand(),
-		CmdEmbedded,
+		newEmbeddedCommand(),
-		CmdMigrateStorage,
+		newMigrateStorageCommand(),
-		CmdDumpRepository,
+		newDumpRepositoryCommand(),
-		CmdRestoreRepository,
+		newRestoreRepositoryCommand(),
-		CmdActions,
+		newActionsCommand(),
 	}
 	// these sub-commands do not need the config file, and they do not depend on any path or environment variable.
 	subCmdStandalone := []*cli.Command{
 		cmdConfig(),
 		cmdCert(),
-		CmdGenerate,
+		newGenerateCommand(),
-		CmdDocs,
+		newDocsCommand(),
 	}
 	// TODO: we should eventually drop the default command,
 	// but not sure whether it would break Windows users who used to double-click the EXE to run.
-	app.DefaultCommand = CmdWeb.Name
+	app.DefaultCommand = webCmd.Name
 	app.Before = PrepareConsoleLoggerLevel(log.INFO)
 	for i := range subCmdWithConfig {
@@ -148,7 +150,7 @@ func NewMainApp(appVer AppVersion) *cli.Command {
 	app.Commands = append(app.Commands, subCmdWithConfig...)
 	app.Commands = append(app.Commands, subCmdStandalone...)
-	setting.InitGiteaEnvVars()
+	setting.UnsetUnnecessaryEnvVars()
 	return app
 }
@@ -157,6 +157,7 @@ func TestCliCmd(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, c := range cases {
 		t.Run(c.cmd, func(t *testing.T) {
 			defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.InstallLock, false)()
 			app := newTestApp(cli.Command{
 				Action: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
 					_, _ = fmt.Fprint(cmd.Root().Writer, makePathOutput(setting.AppWorkPath, setting.CustomPath, setting.CustomConf))
@@ -170,7 +171,10 @@ func TestCliCmd(t *testing.T) {
 			r, err := runTestApp(app, args...)
 			assert.NoError(t, err, c.cmd)
 			assert.NotEmpty(t, c.exp, c.cmd)
-			assert.Contains(t, r.Stdout, c.exp, c.cmd)
+			if !assert.Contains(t, r.Stdout, c.exp, c.cmd) {
 				t.Log("Full output:\n" + r.Stdout)
 				t.Log("Expected:\n" + c.exp)
 			}
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -13,22 +13,24 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var (
+func newManagerCommand() *cli.Command {
-	// CmdManager represents the manager command
+	return &cli.Command{
 	CmdManager = &cli.Command{
 		Name:        "manager",
 		Usage:       "Manage the running gitea process",
 		Description: "This is a command for managing the running gitea process",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
-			subcmdShutdown,
+			newShutdownCommand(),
-			subcmdRestart,
+			newRestartCommand(),
-			subcmdReloadTemplates,
+			newReloadTemplatesCommand(),
-			subcmdFlushQueues,
+			newFlushQueuesCommand(),
-			subcmdLogging,
+			newLoggingCommand(),
-			subCmdProcesses,
+			newProcessesCommand(),
 		},
 	}
-	subcmdShutdown = &cli.Command{
+}
 func newShutdownCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "shutdown",
 		Usage: "Gracefully shutdown the running process",
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
@@ -38,7 +40,10 @@ var (
 		},
 		Action: runShutdown,
 	}
-	subcmdRestart = &cli.Command{
+}
 func newRestartCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "restart",
 		Usage: "Gracefully restart the running process - (not implemented for windows servers)",
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
@@ -48,7 +53,10 @@ var (
 		},
 		Action: runRestart,
 	}
-	subcmdReloadTemplates = &cli.Command{
+}
 func newReloadTemplatesCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "reload-templates",
 		Usage: "Reload template files in the running process",
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
@@ -58,7 +66,10 @@ var (
 		},
 		Action: runReloadTemplates,
 	}
-	subcmdFlushQueues = &cli.Command{
+}
 func newFlushQueuesCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "flush-queues",
 		Usage:  "Flush queues in the running process",
 		Action: runFlushQueues,
@@ -77,7 +88,10 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-	subCmdProcesses = &cli.Command{
+}
 func newProcessesCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:   "processes",
 		Usage:  "Display running processes within the current process",
 		Action: runProcesses,
@@ -107,7 +121,7 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-)
+}
 func runShutdown(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	setup(ctx, c.Bool("debug"))
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-var (
+func defaultLoggingFlags() []cli.Flag {
-	defaultLoggingFlags = []cli.Flag{
+	return []cli.Flag{
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "logger",
 			Usage: `Logger name - will default to "default"`,
@@ -57,8 +57,10 @@ var (
 			Name: "debug",
 		},
 	}
 }
-	subcmdLogging = &cli.Command{
+func newLoggingCommand() *cli.Command {
 	return &cli.Command{
 		Name:  "logging",
 		Usage: "Adjust logging commands",
 		Commands: []*cli.Command{
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ var (
 					{
 						Name:  "file",
 						Usage: "Add a file logger",
-						Flags: append(defaultLoggingFlags, []cli.Flag{
+						Flags: append(defaultLoggingFlags(), []cli.Flag{
 							&cli.StringFlag{
 								Name:    "filename",
 								Aliases: []string{"f"},
@@ -150,7 +152,7 @@ var (
 					}, {
 						Name:  "conn",
 						Usage: "Add a net conn logger",
-						Flags: append(defaultLoggingFlags, []cli.Flag{
+						Flags: append(defaultLoggingFlags(), []cli.Flag{
 							&cli.BoolFlag{
 								Name:    "reconnect-on-message",
 								Aliases: []string{"R"},
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ var (
 			},
 		},
 	}
-)
+}
 func runRemoveLogger(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	setup(ctx, c.Bool("debug"))
@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// CmdMigrate represents the available migrate sub-command.
+func newMigrateCommand() *cli.Command {
-var CmdMigrate = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "migrate",
+		Name:        "migrate",
-	Usage:       "Migrate the database",
+		Usage:       "Migrate the database",
-	Description: `This is a command for migrating the database, so that you can run "gitea admin create user" before starting the server.`,
+		Description: `This is a command for migrating the database, so that you can run "gitea admin create user" before starting the server.`,
-	Action:      runMigrate,
+		Action:      runMigrate,
 	}
 }
 func runMigrate(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
@@ -25,107 +25,108 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// CmdMigrateStorage represents the available migrate storage sub-command.
+func newMigrateStorageCommand() *cli.Command {
-var CmdMigrateStorage = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "migrate-storage",
+		Name:        "migrate-storage",
-	Usage:       "Migrate the storage",
+		Usage:       "Migrate the storage",
-	Description: "Copies stored files from storage configured in app.ini to parameter-configured storage",
+		Description: "Copies stored files from storage configured in app.ini to parameter-configured storage",
-	Action:      runMigrateStorage,
+		Action:      runMigrateStorage,
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:    "type",
+				Name:    "type",
-			Aliases: []string{"t"},
+				Aliases: []string{"t"},
-			Value:   "",
+				Value:   "",
-			Usage:   "Type of stored files to copy.  Allowed types: 'attachments', 'lfs', 'avatars', 'repo-avatars', 'repo-archivers', 'packages', 'actions-log', 'actions-artifacts",
+				Usage:   "Type of stored files to copy.  Allowed types: 'attachments', 'lfs', 'avatars', 'repo-avatars', 'repo-archivers', 'packages', 'actions-log', 'actions-artifacts'",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "storage",
 				Aliases: []string{"s"},
 				Value:   "",
 				Usage:   "New storage type: local (default), minio or azureblob",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "path",
 				Aliases: []string{"p"},
 				Value:   "",
 				Usage:   "New storage placement if store is local (leave blank for default)",
 			},
 			// Minio Storage special configurations
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-endpoint",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Minio storage endpoint",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-access-key-id",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Minio storage accessKeyID",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-secret-access-key",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Minio storage secretAccessKey",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-bucket",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Minio storage bucket",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-location",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Minio storage location to create bucket",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-base-path",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Minio storage base path on the bucket",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-use-ssl",
 				Usage: "Enable SSL for minio",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-insecure-skip-verify",
 				Usage: "Skip SSL verification",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-checksum-algorithm",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Minio checksum algorithm (default/md5)",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "minio-bucket-lookup-type",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Minio bucket lookup type",
 			},
 			// Azure Blob Storage special configurations
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "azureblob-endpoint",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Azure Blob storage endpoint",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "azureblob-account-name",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Azure Blob storage account name",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "azureblob-account-key",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Azure Blob storage account key",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "azureblob-container",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Azure Blob storage container",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "azureblob-base-path",
 				Value: "",
 				Usage: "Azure Blob storage base path",
 			},
 		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+	}
 			Name:    "storage",
 			Aliases: []string{"s"},
 			Value:   "",
 			Usage:   "New storage type: local (default), minio or azureblob",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "path",
 			Aliases: []string{"p"},
 			Value:   "",
 			Usage:   "New storage placement if store is local (leave blank for default)",
 		},
 		// Minio Storage special configurations
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-endpoint",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Minio storage endpoint",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-access-key-id",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Minio storage accessKeyID",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-secret-access-key",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Minio storage secretAccessKey",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-bucket",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Minio storage bucket",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-location",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Minio storage location to create bucket",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-base-path",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Minio storage base path on the bucket",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-use-ssl",
 			Usage: "Enable SSL for minio",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-insecure-skip-verify",
 			Usage: "Skip SSL verification",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-checksum-algorithm",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Minio checksum algorithm (default/md5)",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "minio-bucket-lookup-type",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Minio bucket lookup type",
 		},
 		// Azure Blob Storage special configurations
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "azureblob-endpoint",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Azure Blob storage endpoint",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "azureblob-account-name",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Azure Blob storage account name",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "azureblob-account-key",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Azure Blob storage account key",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "azureblob-container",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Azure Blob storage container",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:  "azureblob-base-path",
 			Value: "",
 			Usage: "Azure Blob storage base path",
 		},
 	},
 }
 func migrateAttachments(ctx context.Context, dstStorage storage.ObjectStorage) error {
@@ -13,40 +13,41 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// CmdRestoreRepository represents the available restore a repository sub-command.
+func newRestoreRepositoryCommand() *cli.Command {
-var CmdRestoreRepository = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "restore-repo",
+		Name:        "restore-repo",
-	Usage:       "Restore the repository from disk",
+		Usage:       "Restore the repository from disk",
-	Description: "This is a command for restoring the repository data.",
+		Description: "This is a command for restoring the repository data.",
-	Action:      runRestoreRepository,
+		Action:      runRestoreRepository,
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:    "repo_dir",
+				Name:    "repo_dir",
-			Aliases: []string{"r"},
+				Aliases: []string{"r"},
-			Value:   "./data",
+				Value:   "./data",
-			Usage:   "Repository dir path to restore from",
+				Usage:   "Repository dir path to restore from",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "owner_name",
+				Name:  "owner_name",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: "Restore destination owner name",
+				Usage: "Restore destination owner name",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "repo_name",
+				Name:  "repo_name",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: "Restore destination repository name",
+				Usage: "Restore destination repository name",
-		},
+			},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:  "units",
+				Name:  "units",
-			Value: "",
+				Value: "",
-			Usage: `Which items will be restored, one or more units should be separated as comma.
+				Usage: `Which items will be restored, one or more units should be separated as comma.
 wiki, issues, labels, releases, release_assets, milestones, pull_requests, comments are allowed. Empty means all units.`,
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "validation",
 				Usage: "Sanity check the content of the files before trying to load them",
 			},
 		},
-		&cli.BoolFlag{
+	}
 			Name:  "validation",
 			Usage: "Sanity check the content of the files before trying to load them",
 		},
 	},
 }
 func runRestoreRepository(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
@@ -35,22 +35,23 @@ import (
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
-// CmdServ represents the available serv sub-command.
+func newServCommand() *cli.Command {
-var CmdServ = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:        "serv",
+		Name:        "serv",
-	Usage:       "(internal) Should only be called by SSH shell",
+		Usage:       "(internal) Should only be called by SSH shell",
-	Description: "Serv provides access auth for repositories",
+		Description: "Serv provides access auth for repositories",
-	Hidden:      true, // Internal commands shouldn't be visible in help
+		Hidden:      true, // Internal commands shouldn't be visible in help
-	Before:      PrepareConsoleLoggerLevel(log.FATAL),
+		Before:      PrepareConsoleLoggerLevel(log.FATAL),
-	Action:      runServ,
+		Action:      runServ,
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		&cli.BoolFlag{
+			&cli.BoolFlag{
-			Name: "enable-pprof",
+				Name: "enable-pprof",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name: "debug",
 			},
 		},
-		&cli.BoolFlag{
+	}
 			Name: "debug",
 		},
 	},
 }
 func setup(ctx context.Context, debug bool) {
@@ -8,14 +8,13 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/pprof"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 	_ "net/http/pprof" // Used for debugging if enabled and a web server is running
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/graceful"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/gtprof"
@@ -23,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/process"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/public"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/templates"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/routers"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/routers/install"
@@ -34,42 +34,43 @@ import (
 // PIDFile could be set from build tag
 var PIDFile = "/run/gitea.pid"
-// CmdWeb represents the available web sub-command.
+func newWebCommand() *cli.Command {
-var CmdWeb = &cli.Command{
+	return &cli.Command{
-	Name:  "web",
+		Name:  "web",
-	Usage: "Start Gitea web server",
+		Usage: "Start Gitea web server",
-	Description: `Gitea web server is the only thing you need to run,
+		Description: `Gitea web server is the only thing you need to run,
 and it takes care of all the other things for you`,
-	Before: PrepareConsoleLoggerLevel(log.INFO),
+		Before: PrepareConsoleLoggerLevel(log.INFO),
-	Action: runWeb,
+		Action: runWeb,
-	Flags: []cli.Flag{
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+			&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:    "port",
+				Name:    "port",
-			Aliases: []string{"p"},
+				Aliases: []string{"p"},
-			Value:   "3000",
+				Value:   "3000",
-			Usage:   "Temporary port number to prevent conflict",
+				Usage:   "Temporary port number to prevent conflict",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:  "install-port",
 				Value: "3000",
 				Usage: "Temporary port number to run the install page on to prevent conflict",
 			},
 			&cli.StringFlag{
 				Name:    "pid",
 				Aliases: []string{"P"},
 				Value:   PIDFile,
 				Usage:   "Custom pid file path",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:    "quiet",
 				Aliases: []string{"q"},
 				Usage:   "Only display Fatal logging errors until logging is set-up",
 			},
 			&cli.BoolFlag{
 				Name:  "verbose",
 				Usage: "Set initial logging to TRACE level until logging is properly set-up",
 			},
 		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
+	}
 			Name:  "install-port",
 			Value: "3000",
 			Usage: "Temporary port number to run the install page on to prevent conflict",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "pid",
 			Aliases: []string{"P"},
 			Value:   PIDFile,
 			Usage:   "Custom pid file path",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:    "quiet",
 			Aliases: []string{"q"},
 			Usage:   "Only display Fatal logging errors until logging is set-up",
 		},
 		&cli.BoolFlag{
 			Name:  "verbose",
 			Usage: "Set initial logging to TRACE level until logging is properly set-up",
 		},
 	},
 }
 func runHTTPRedirector() {
@@ -156,7 +157,6 @@ func serveInstall(cmd *cli.Command) error {
 	case <-graceful.GetManager().IsShutdown():
 		<-graceful.GetManager().Done()
 		log.Info("PID: %d Gitea Web Finished", os.Getpid())
 		log.GetManager().Close()
 		return err
 	default:
 	}
@@ -164,8 +164,6 @@ func serveInstall(cmd *cli.Command) error {
 }
 func serveInstalled(c *cli.Command) error {
 	setting.InitCfgProvider(setting.CustomConf)
 	setting.LoadCommonSettings()
 	setting.MustInstalled()
 	showWebStartupMessage("Prepare to run web server")
@@ -231,27 +229,26 @@ func serveInstalled(c *cli.Command) error {
 	err := listen(webRoutes, true)
 	<-graceful.GetManager().Done()
 	log.Info("PID: %d Gitea Web Finished", os.Getpid())
 	log.GetManager().Close()
 	return err
 }
 func servePprof() {
-	// FIXME: it shouldn't use the global DefaultServeMux, and it should use a proper context
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
-	http.DefaultServeMux.Handle("/debug/fgprof", fgprof.Handler())
+	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/", pprof.Index)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/cmdline", pprof.Cmdline)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/profile", pprof.Profile)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/symbol", pprof.Symbol)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/trace", pprof.Trace)
 	mux.Handle("/debug/fgprof", fgprof.Handler())
 	// FIXME: it should use a proper context
 	_, _, finished := process.GetManager().AddTypedContext(context.TODO(), "Web: PProf Server", process.SystemProcessType, true)
 	// The pprof server is for debug purpose only, it shouldn't be exposed on public network. At the moment, it's not worth introducing a configurable option for it.
 	log.Info("Starting pprof server on localhost:6060")
-	log.Info("Stopped pprof server: %v", http.ListenAndServe("localhost:6060", nil))
+	log.Info("Stopped pprof server: %v", http.ListenAndServe("localhost:6060", mux))
 	finished()
 }
 func runWeb(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
 	defer func() {
 		if panicked := recover(); panicked != nil {
 			log.Fatal("PANIC: %v\n%s", panicked, log.Stack(2))
 		}
 	}()
 	if subCmdName, valid := isValidDefaultSubCommand(cmd); !valid {
 		return fmt.Errorf("unknown command: %s", subCmdName)
 	}
@@ -271,6 +268,10 @@ func runWeb(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
 		createPIDFile(cmd.String("pid"))
 	}
 	// init the HTML renderer and load templates, if error happens, it will report the error immediately and exit with error log
 	// in dev mode, it won't exit, but watch the template files for changes
 	_ = templates.PageRenderer()
 	if !setting.InstallLock {
 		if err := serveInstall(cmd); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"crypto/x509"
 	"encoding/pem"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"strconv"
@@ -124,8 +125,8 @@ func runACME(listenAddr string, m http.Handler) error {
 			defer finished()
 			log.Info("Running Let's Encrypt handler on %s", setting.HTTPAddr+":"+setting.PortToRedirect)
-			// all traffic coming into HTTP will be redirect to HTTPS automatically (LE HTTP-01 validation happens here)
+			// all traffic coming into HTTP will be redirected to HTTPS automatically (LE HTTP-01 validation happens here)
-			err := runHTTP("tcp", setting.HTTPAddr+":"+setting.PortToRedirect, "Let's Encrypt HTTP Challenge", myACME.HTTPChallengeHandler(http.HandlerFunc(runLetsEncryptFallbackHandler)), setting.RedirectorUseProxyProtocol)
+			err := runHTTP("tcp", net.JoinHostPort(setting.HTTPAddr, setting.PortToRedirect), "Let's Encrypt HTTP Challenge", myACME.HTTPChallengeHandler(http.HandlerFunc(runLetsEncryptFallbackHandler)), setting.RedirectorUseProxyProtocol)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Fatal("Failed to start the Let's Encrypt handler on port %s: %v", setting.PortToRedirect, err)
 			}
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
-	"github.com/google/go-github/v74/github"
+	"github.com/google/go-github/v84/github"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
 Environment To Ini
 ==================
 Multiple docker users have requested that the Gitea docker is changed
 to permit arbitrary configuration via environment variables.
 Gitea needs to use an ini file for configuration because the running
 environment that starts the docker may not be the same as that used
 by the hooks. An ini file also gives a good default and means that
 users do not have to completely provide a full environment.
 With those caveats above, this command provides a generic way of
 converting suitably structured environment variables into any ini
 value.
 To use the command is very simple just run it and the default gitea
 app.ini will be rewritten to take account of the variables provided,
 however there are various options to give slightly different
 behavior and these can be interrogated with the `-h` option.
 The environment variables should be of the form:
 	GITEA__SECTION_NAME__KEY_NAME
 Note, SECTION_NAME in the notation above is case-insensitive.
 Environment variables are usually restricted to a reduced character
 set "0-9A-Z_" - in order to allow the setting of sections with
 characters outside of that set, they should be escaped as following:
 "_0X2E_" for "." and "_0X2D_" for "-". The entire section and key names 
 can be escaped as a UTF8 byte string if necessary. E.g. to configure:
 	"""
 	...
 	[log.console]
 	COLORIZE=false
 	STDERR=true
 	...
 	"""
 You would set the environment variables: "GITEA__LOG_0x2E_CONSOLE__COLORIZE=false"
 and "GITEA__LOG_0x2E_CONSOLE__STDERR=false". Other examples can be found
 on the configuration cheat sheet.
 To build locally, run:
 	go build contrib/environment-to-ini/environment-to-ini.go
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
 // Copyright 2019 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 package main
 import (
 	"context"
 	"os"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
 func main() {
 	app := cli.Command{}
 	app.Name = "environment-to-ini"
 	app.Usage = "Use provided environment to update configuration ini"
 	app.Description = `As a helper to allow docker users to update the gitea configuration
 	through the environment, this command allows environment variables to
 	be mapped to values in the ini.
 	Environment variables of the form "GITEA__SECTION_NAME__KEY_NAME"
 	will be mapped to the ini section "[section_name]" and the key
 	"KEY_NAME" with the value as provided.
 	Environment variables of the form "GITEA__SECTION_NAME__KEY_NAME__FILE"
 	will be mapped to the ini section "[section_name]" and the key
 	"KEY_NAME" with the value loaded from the specified file.
 	Environment variables are usually restricted to a reduced character
 	set "0-9A-Z_" - in order to allow the setting of sections with
 	characters outside of that set, they should be escaped as following:
 	"_0X2E_" for ".". The entire section and key names can be escaped as
 	a UTF8 byte string if necessary. E.g. to configure:
 		"""
 		...
 		[log.console]
 		COLORIZE=false
 		STDERR=true
 		...
 		"""
 	You would set the environment variables: "GITEA__LOG_0x2E_CONSOLE__COLORIZE=false"
 	and "GITEA__LOG_0x2E_CONSOLE__STDERR=false". Other examples can be found
 	on the configuration cheat sheet.`
 	app.Flags = []cli.Flag{
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "custom-path",
 			Aliases: []string{"C"},
 			Value:   setting.CustomPath,
 			Usage:   "Custom path file path",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "config",
 			Aliases: []string{"c"},
 			Value:   setting.CustomConf,
 			Usage:   "Custom configuration file path",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "work-path",
 			Aliases: []string{"w"},
 			Value:   setting.AppWorkPath,
 			Usage:   "Set the gitea working path",
 		},
 		&cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:    "out",
 			Aliases: []string{"o"},
 			Value:   "",
 			Usage:   "Destination file to write to",
 		},
 	}
 	app.Action = runEnvironmentToIni
 	err := app.Run(context.Background(), os.Args)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal("Failed to run app with %s: %v", os.Args, err)
 	}
 }
 func runEnvironmentToIni(_ context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	// the config system may change the environment variables, so get a copy first, to be used later
 	env := append([]string{}, os.Environ()...)
 	setting.InitWorkPathAndCfgProvider(os.Getenv, setting.ArgWorkPathAndCustomConf{
 		WorkPath:   c.String("work-path"),
 		CustomPath: c.String("custom-path"),
 		CustomConf: c.String("config"),
 	})
 	cfg, err := setting.NewConfigProviderFromFile(setting.CustomConf)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal("Failed to load custom conf '%s': %v", setting.CustomConf, err)
 	}
 	changed := setting.EnvironmentToConfig(cfg, env)
 	// try to save the config file
 	destination := c.String("out")
 	if len(destination) == 0 {
 		destination = setting.CustomConf
 	}
 	if destination != setting.CustomConf || changed {
 		log.Info("Settings saved to: %q", destination)
 		err = cfg.SaveTo(destination)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -108,7 +108,9 @@ curl --connect-timeout 10 --silent --show-error --fail --location -O "$binurl{,.
 sha256sum -c "${binname}.xz.sha256"
 if [[ -z "${ignore_gpg:-}" ]]; then
  require gpg
-  gpg --keyserver keys.openpgp.org --recv 7C9E68152594688862D62AF62D9AE806EC1592E2
+  # try to use curl first, it uses standard tcp 443 port and works better behind strict firewall rules
  curl -fsSL --connect-timeout 10 "https://keys.openpgp.org/vks/v1/by-fingerprint/7C9E68152594688862D62AF62D9AE806EC1592E2" | gpg --import \
    || gpg --keyserver keys.openpgp.org --recv 7C9E68152594688862D62AF62D9AE806EC1592E2
  gpg --verify "${binname}.xz.asc" "${binname}.xz" || { echo 'Signature does not match'; exit 1; }
 fi
 rm "${binname}".xz.{sha256,asc}
@@ -127,6 +129,8 @@ echo "Creating backup in $giteahome"
 giteacmd dump $backupopts
 echo "Updating binary at $giteabin"
 cp -f "$giteabin" "$giteabin.bak" && mv -f "$binname" "$giteabin"
 # Restore SELinux context if applicable (e.g. RHEL/Fedora)
 command -v restorecon &>/dev/null && restorecon -v "$giteabin" || true
 $service_start
 $service_status
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ base_path: "."
 base_url: "https://api.crowdin.com"
 preserve_hierarchy: true
 files:
-  - source: "/options/locale/locale_en-US.ini"
+  - source: "/options/locale/locale_en-US.json"
-    translation: "/options/locale/locale_%locale%.ini"
+    translation: "/options/locale/locale_%locale%.json"
-    type: "ini"
+    type: "json"
    skip_untranslated_strings: true
    export_only_approved: true
    update_option: "update_as_unapproved"
@@ -1,2 +1,8 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 # $1 = exit code of the run script, $2 = signal
 if [ "$1" -ne 0 ]; then
  # avoid immediately restarting the sshd service, which may cause CPU 100% if the error (permission, configuration) is not fixed
  echo "openssh failed with exit code $1 - waiting a short delay before attempting a restart"
  sleep 3
 fi
 exit 0
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 exec /app/gitea/gitea config edit-ini --in-place --apply-env "$@"
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 exec /app/gitea/gitea config edit-ini --in-place --apply-env "$@"
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import arrayFunc from 'eslint-plugin-array-func';
 import comments from '@eslint-community/eslint-plugin-eslint-comments';
 import deMorgan from 'eslint-plugin-de-morgan';
 import github from 'eslint-plugin-github';
 import globals from 'globals';
 import importPlugin from 'eslint-plugin-import-x';
 import noUseExtendNative from 'eslint-plugin-no-use-extend-native';
 import playwright from 'eslint-plugin-playwright';
 import regexp from 'eslint-plugin-regexp';
 import sonarjs from 'eslint-plugin-sonarjs';
@@ -16,10 +16,22 @@ import vue from 'eslint-plugin-vue';
 import vueScopedCss from 'eslint-plugin-vue-scoped-css';
 import wc from 'eslint-plugin-wc';
 import {defineConfig, globalIgnores} from 'eslint/config';
 import type {ESLint} from 'eslint';
 const jsExts = ['js', 'mjs', 'cjs'] as const;
 const tsExts = ['ts', 'mts', 'cts'] as const;
-const restrictedSyntax = ['WithStatement', 'ForInStatement', 'LabeledStatement', 'SequenceExpression'];
+
 const restrictedGlobals = [
  {name: 'localStorage', message: 'Use `modules/user-settings.ts` instead.'},
  {name: 'fetch', message: 'Use `modules/fetch.ts` instead.'},
 ];
 const restrictedProperties = [
  {object: 'window', property: 'localStorage', message: 'Use `modules/user-settings.ts` instead.'},
  {object: 'globalThis', property: 'localStorage', message: 'Use `modules/user-settings.ts` instead.'},
  {object: 'window', property: 'fetch', message: 'Use `modules/fetch.ts` instead.'},
  {object: 'globalThis', property: 'fetch', message: 'Use `modules/fetch.ts` instead.'},
 ];
 export default defineConfig([
  globalIgnores([
@@ -33,10 +45,6 @@ export default defineConfig([
    languageOptions: {
      ecmaVersion: 'latest',
      sourceType: 'module',
      globals: {
        ...globals.browser,
        ...globals.node,
      },
      parser: typescriptParser,
      parserOptions: {
        sourceType: 'module',
@@ -49,24 +57,19 @@ export default defineConfig([
    },
    linterOptions: {
      reportUnusedDisableDirectives: 2,
      reportUnusedInlineConfigs: 2,
    },
    plugins: {
      '@eslint-community/eslint-comments': comments,
      // @ts-expect-error
      '@stylistic': stylistic,
      '@typescript-eslint': typescriptPlugin.plugin,
      'array-func': arrayFunc,
-      // @ts-expect-error -- https://github.com/un-ts/eslint-plugin-import-x/issues/203
+      'de-morgan': deMorgan,
-      'import-x': importPlugin,
+      'import-x': importPlugin as unknown as ESLint.Plugin, // https://github.com/un-ts/eslint-plugin-import-x/issues/203
      'no-use-extend-native': noUseExtendNative,
      // @ts-expect-error
      regexp,
      // @ts-expect-error
      sonarjs,
      // @ts-expect-error
      unicorn,
      github,
      // @ts-expect-error
      wc,
    },
    settings: {
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'import-x/resolver': {'typescript': true},
    },
    rules: {
-      '@eslint-community/eslint-comments/disable-enable-pair': [2],
+      '@eslint-community/eslint-comments/disable-enable-pair': [0],
      '@eslint-community/eslint-comments/no-aggregating-enable': [2],
      '@eslint-community/eslint-comments/no-duplicate-disable': [2],
      '@eslint-community/eslint-comments/no-restricted-disable': [0],
@@ -155,11 +158,11 @@ export default defineConfig([
      '@typescript-eslint/adjacent-overload-signatures': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/array-type': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/await-thenable': [2],
-      '@typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment': [2, {'ts-expect-error': false, 'ts-ignore': true, 'ts-nocheck': false, 'ts-check': false}],
+      '@typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment': [2, {'ts-expect-error': true, 'ts-ignore': true, 'ts-nocheck': false, 'ts-check': false}],
      '@typescript-eslint/ban-tslint-comment': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/class-literal-property-style': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/class-methods-use-this': [0],
-      '@typescript-eslint/consistent-generic-constructors': [0],
+      '@typescript-eslint/consistent-generic-constructors': [2, 'constructor'],
      '@typescript-eslint/consistent-indexed-object-style': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/consistent-return': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/consistent-type-assertions': [2, {assertionStyle: 'as', objectLiteralTypeAssertions: 'allow'}],
@@ -178,7 +181,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      '@typescript-eslint/naming-convention': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-array-constructor': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-array-delete': [2],
-      '@typescript-eslint/no-base-to-string': [0],
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-base-to-string': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-confusing-non-null-assertion': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-confusing-void-expression': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-deprecated': [2],
@@ -210,7 +213,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      '@typescript-eslint/no-non-null-asserted-nullish-coalescing': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-non-null-asserted-optional-chain': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion': [0],
-      '@typescript-eslint/no-redeclare': [0],
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-redeclare': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-redundant-type-constituents': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-require-imports': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-restricted-imports': [0],
@@ -221,7 +224,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-qualifier': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-template-expression': [0],
-      '@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-type-arguments': [0],
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-type-arguments': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-type-assertion': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-type-constraint': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-type-conversion': [2],
@@ -234,10 +237,12 @@ export default defineConfig([
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-unary-minus': [2],
-      '@typescript-eslint/no-unused-expressions': [0],
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-unused-expressions': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unused-private-class-members': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars': [2, {vars: 'all', args: 'all', caughtErrors: 'all', ignoreRestSiblings: false, argsIgnorePattern: '^_', varsIgnorePattern: '^_', caughtErrorsIgnorePattern: '^_', destructuredArrayIgnorePattern: '^_'}],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define': [2, {functions: false, classes: true, variables: true, allowNamedExports: true, typedefs: false, enums: false, ignoreTypeReferences: true}],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-useless-constructor': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-useless-default-assignment': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-useless-empty-export': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/no-wrapper-object-types': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/non-nullable-type-assertion-style': [0],
@@ -251,10 +256,10 @@ export default defineConfig([
      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-function-type': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-includes': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-literal-enum-member': [0],
-      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-namespace-keyword': [0],
+      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-namespace-keyword': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-nullish-coalescing': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-optional-chain': [2, {requireNullish: true}],
-      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-promise-reject-errors': [0],
+      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-promise-reject-errors': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-readonly': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-readonly-parameter-types': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-reduce-type-parameter': [0],
@@ -265,9 +270,10 @@ export default defineConfig([
      '@typescript-eslint/require-array-sort-compare': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/require-await': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/restrict-plus-operands': [2],
-      '@typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions': [0],
+      '@typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/return-await': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/strict-boolean-expressions': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/strict-void-return': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/switch-exhaustiveness-check': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/triple-slash-reference': [2],
      '@typescript-eslint/typedef': [0],
@@ -291,6 +297,8 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'consistent-this': [0],
      'constructor-super': [2],
      'curly': [0],
      'de-morgan/no-negated-conjunction': [2],
      'de-morgan/no-negated-disjunction': [2],
      'default-case-last': [2],
      'default-case': [0],
      'default-param-last': [0],
@@ -321,7 +329,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'github/no-innerText': [2],
      'github/no-then': [2],
      'github/no-useless-passive': [2],
-      'github/prefer-observers': [2],
+      'github/prefer-observers': [0],
      'github/require-passive-events': [2],
      'github/unescaped-html-literal': [2],
      'grouped-accessor-pairs': [2],
@@ -338,7 +346,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'import-x/first': [2],
      'import-x/group-exports': [0],
      'import-x/max-dependencies': [0],
-      'import-x/named': [2],
+      'import-x/named': [0],
      'import-x/namespace': [0],
      'import-x/newline-after-import': [0],
      'import-x/no-absolute-path': [0],
@@ -366,7 +374,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'import-x/no-self-import': [2],
      'import-x/no-unassigned-import': [0],
      'import-x/no-unresolved': [2, {commonjs: true, ignore: ['\\?.+$']}],
-      // 'import-x/no-unused-modules': [2, {unusedExports: true}], // not compatible with eslint 9
+      'import-x/no-unused-modules': [0], // incompatible with eslint 9
      'import-x/no-useless-path-segments': [2, {commonjs: true}],
      'import-x/no-webpack-loader-syntax': [2],
      'import-x/order': [0],
@@ -433,7 +441,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'no-import-assign': [2],
      'no-inline-comments': [0],
      'no-inner-declarations': [2],
-      'no-invalid-regexp': [2],
+      'no-invalid-regexp': [0], // handled by regexp/no-invalid-regexp
      'no-invalid-this': [0],
      'no-irregular-whitespace': [2],
      'no-iterator': [2],
@@ -547,7 +555,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'no-new-func': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/no-implied-eval
      'no-new-native-nonconstructor': [2],
      'no-new-object': [2],
-      'no-new-symbol': [2],
+      'no-new-symbol': [0], // handled by no-new-native-nonconstructor
      'no-new-wrappers': [2],
      'no-new': [0],
      'no-nonoctal-decimal-escape': [2],
@@ -562,9 +570,14 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'no-redeclare': [0], // must be disabled for typescript overloads
      'no-regex-spaces': [2],
      'no-restricted-exports': [0],
-      'no-restricted-globals': [2, 'addEventListener', 'blur', 'close', 'closed', 'confirm', 'defaultStatus', 'defaultstatus', 'error', 'event', 'external', 'find', 'focus', 'frameElement', 'frames', 'history', 'innerHeight', 'innerWidth', 'isFinite', 'isNaN', 'length', 'locationbar', 'menubar', 'moveBy', 'moveTo', 'name', 'onblur', 'onerror', 'onfocus', 'onload', 'onresize', 'onunload', 'open', 'opener', 'opera', 'outerHeight', 'outerWidth', 'pageXOffset', 'pageYOffset', 'parent', 'print', 'removeEventListener', 'resizeBy', 'resizeTo', 'screen', 'screenLeft', 'screenTop', 'screenX', 'screenY', 'scroll', 'scrollbars', 'scrollBy', 'scrollTo', 'scrollX', 'scrollY', 'status', 'statusbar', 'stop', 'toolbar', 'top'],
+      'no-restricted-globals': [2, ...restrictedGlobals],
-      'no-restricted-imports': [0],
+      'no-restricted-properties': [2, ...restrictedProperties],
-      'no-restricted-syntax': [2, ...restrictedSyntax, {selector: 'CallExpression[callee.name="fetch"]', message: 'use modules/fetch.ts instead'}],
+      'no-restricted-imports': [2, {paths: [
        {name: 'jquery', message: 'Use the global $ instead', allowTypeImports: true},
        {name: 'htmx.org', message: 'Use the global htmx instead', allowTypeImports: true},
        {name: 'idiomorph/htmx', message: 'Loaded in globals.ts', allowTypeImports: true},
      ]}],
      'no-restricted-syntax': [2, 'WithStatement', 'ForInStatement', 'LabeledStatement', 'SequenceExpression'],
      'no-return-assign': [0],
      'no-script-url': [2],
      'no-self-assign': [2, {props: true}],
@@ -577,10 +590,11 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'no-template-curly-in-string': [2],
      'no-ternary': [0],
      'no-this-before-super': [2],
-      'no-throw-literal': [2],
+      'no-throw-literal': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/only-throw-error
      'no-undef-init': [2],
      'no-undef': [2], // it is still needed by eslint & IDE to prompt undefined names in real time
      'no-undefined': [0],
      'no-unassigned-vars': [2],
      'no-underscore-dangle': [0],
      'no-unexpected-multiline': [2],
      'no-unmodified-loop-condition': [2],
@@ -589,13 +603,13 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'no-unreachable': [2],
      'no-unsafe-finally': [2],
      'no-unsafe-negation': [2],
-      'no-unused-expressions': [2],
+      'no-unused-expressions': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/no-unused-expressions
      'no-unused-labels': [2],
-      'no-unused-private-class-members': [2],
+      'no-unused-private-class-members': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/no-unused-private-class-members
      'no-unused-vars': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
      'no-use-before-define': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define
-      'no-use-extend-native/no-use-extend-native': [2],
+      'no-useless-assignment': [2],
-      'no-useless-backreference': [2],
+      'no-useless-backreference': [0], // handled by regexp/no-useless-backreference
      'no-useless-call': [2],
      'no-useless-catch': [2],
      'no-useless-computed-key': [2],
@@ -603,7 +617,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'no-useless-constructor': [2],
      'no-useless-escape': [2],
      'no-useless-rename': [2],
-      'no-useless-return': [2],
+      'no-useless-return': [0], // handled by sonarjs/no-redundant-jump
      'no-var': [2],
      'no-void': [2],
      'no-warning-comments': [0],
@@ -612,7 +626,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'one-var-declaration-per-line': [0],
      'one-var': [0],
      'operator-assignment': [2, 'always'],
-      'operator-linebreak': [2, 'after'],
+      'operator-linebreak': [0], // handled by @stylistic/operator-linebreak
      'prefer-arrow-callback': [2, {allowNamedFunctions: true, allowUnboundThis: true}],
      'prefer-const': [2, {destructuring: 'all', ignoreReadBeforeAssign: true}],
      'prefer-destructuring': [0],
@@ -621,19 +635,20 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'prefer-numeric-literals': [2],
      'prefer-object-has-own': [2],
      'prefer-object-spread': [2],
-      'prefer-promise-reject-errors': [2, {allowEmptyReject: false}],
+      'prefer-promise-reject-errors': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/prefer-promise-reject-errors
      'prefer-regex-literals': [2],
      'prefer-rest-params': [2],
      'prefer-spread': [2],
      'prefer-template': [2],
-      'radix': [2, 'as-needed'],
+      'preserve-caught-error': [0],
      'radix': [0],
      'regexp/confusing-quantifier': [2],
      'regexp/control-character-escape': [2],
      'regexp/hexadecimal-escape': [0],
      'regexp/letter-case': [0],
      'regexp/match-any': [2],
      'regexp/negation': [2],
-      'regexp/no-contradiction-with-assertion': [0],
+      'regexp/no-contradiction-with-assertion': [2],
      'regexp/no-control-character': [0],
      'regexp/no-dupe-characters-character-class': [2],
      'regexp/no-dupe-disjunctions': [2],
@@ -649,8 +664,8 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'regexp/no-invisible-character': [2],
      'regexp/no-lazy-ends': [2],
      'regexp/no-legacy-features': [2],
-      'regexp/no-misleading-capturing-group': [0],
+      'regexp/no-misleading-capturing-group': [2],
-      'regexp/no-misleading-unicode-character': [0],
+      'regexp/no-misleading-unicode-character': [2],
      'regexp/no-missing-g-flag': [2],
      'regexp/no-non-standard-flag': [2],
      'regexp/no-obscure-range': [2],
@@ -692,7 +707,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'regexp/prefer-question-quantifier': [2],
      'regexp/prefer-range': [2],
      'regexp/prefer-regexp-exec': [2],
-      'regexp/prefer-regexp-test': [2],
+      'regexp/prefer-regexp-test': [0], // handled by unicorn/prefer-regexp-test
      'regexp/prefer-result-array-groups': [0],
      'regexp/prefer-set-operation': [2],
      'regexp/prefer-star-quantifier': [2],
@@ -722,7 +737,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'sonarjs/no-empty-collection': [2],
      'sonarjs/no-extra-arguments': [2],
      'sonarjs/no-gratuitous-expressions': [2],
-      'sonarjs/no-identical-conditions': [2],
+      'sonarjs/no-identical-conditions': [0], // handled by no-dupe-else-if
      'sonarjs/no-identical-expressions': [2],
      'sonarjs/no-identical-functions': [2, 5],
      'sonarjs/no-ignored-return': [2],
@@ -735,7 +750,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'sonarjs/no-small-switch': [0],
      'sonarjs/no-unused-collection': [2],
      'sonarjs/no-use-of-empty-return-value': [2],
-      'sonarjs/no-useless-catch': [2],
+      'sonarjs/no-useless-catch': [0], // handled by no-useless-catch
      'sonarjs/non-existent-operator': [2],
      'sonarjs/prefer-immediate-return': [0],
      'sonarjs/prefer-object-literal': [0],
@@ -751,6 +766,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'unicorn/catch-error-name': [0],
      'unicorn/consistent-destructuring': [2],
      'unicorn/consistent-empty-array-spread': [2],
      'unicorn/consistent-template-literal-escape': [2],
      'unicorn/consistent-existence-index-check': [0],
      'unicorn/consistent-function-scoping': [0],
      'unicorn/custom-error-definition': [0],
@@ -762,6 +778,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'unicorn/filename-case': [0],
      'unicorn/import-index': [0],
      'unicorn/import-style': [0],
      'unicorn/isolated-functions': [2, {functions: []}],
      'unicorn/new-for-builtins': [2],
      'unicorn/no-abusive-eslint-disable': [0],
      'unicorn/no-anonymous-default-export': [0],
@@ -777,6 +794,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'unicorn/no-empty-file': [2],
      'unicorn/no-for-loop': [0],
      'unicorn/no-hex-escape': [0],
      'unicorn/no-immediate-mutation': [0],
      'unicorn/no-instanceof-array': [0],
      'unicorn/no-invalid-fetch-options': [2],
      'unicorn/no-invalid-remove-event-listener': [2],
@@ -800,9 +818,11 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'unicorn/no-unnecessary-await': [2],
      'unicorn/no-unnecessary-polyfills': [2],
      'unicorn/no-unreadable-array-destructuring': [0],
-      'unicorn/no-unreadable-iife': [2],
+      'unicorn/no-unreadable-iife': [0],
      'unicorn/no-unused-properties': [2],
      'unicorn/no-useless-collection-argument': [2],
      'unicorn/no-useless-fallback-in-spread': [2],
      'unicorn/no-useless-iterator-to-array': [2],
      'unicorn/no-useless-length-check': [2],
      'unicorn/no-useless-promise-resolve-reject': [2],
      'unicorn/no-useless-spread': [2],
@@ -812,9 +832,9 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'unicorn/number-literal-case': [0],
      'unicorn/numeric-separators-style': [0],
      'unicorn/prefer-add-event-listener': [2],
-      'unicorn/prefer-array-find': [2],
+      'unicorn/prefer-array-find': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/prefer-find
      'unicorn/prefer-array-flat-map': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-array-flat': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-array-flat-map': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-array-index-of': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-array-some': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-at': [0],
@@ -829,7 +849,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'unicorn/prefer-event-target': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-export-from': [0],
      'unicorn/prefer-global-this': [0],
-      'unicorn/prefer-includes': [2],
+      'unicorn/prefer-includes': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/prefer-includes
      'unicorn/prefer-json-parse-buffer': [0],
      'unicorn/prefer-keyboard-event-key': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-logical-operator-over-ternary': [2],
@@ -849,13 +869,15 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'unicorn/prefer-query-selector': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-reflect-apply': [0],
      'unicorn/prefer-regexp-test': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-response-static-json': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-set-has': [0],
      'unicorn/prefer-set-size': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-simple-condition-first': [0],
      'unicorn/prefer-spread': [0],
      'unicorn/prefer-string-raw': [0],
      'unicorn/prefer-string-replace-all': [0],
      'unicorn/prefer-string-slice': [0],
-      'unicorn/prefer-string-starts-ends-with': [2],
+      'unicorn/prefer-string-starts-ends-with': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/prefer-string-starts-ends-with
      'unicorn/prefer-string-trim-start-end': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-structured-clone': [2],
      'unicorn/prefer-switch': [0],
@@ -869,6 +891,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'unicorn/require-post-message-target-origin': [0],
      'unicorn/string-content': [0],
      'unicorn/switch-case-braces': [0],
      'unicorn/switch-case-break-position': [2],
      'unicorn/template-indent': [2],
      'unicorn/text-encoding-identifier-case': [0],
      'unicorn/throw-new-error': [2],
@@ -900,12 +923,13 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'yoda': [2, 'never'],
    },
  },
  // @ts-expect-error
  {
    ...playwright.configs['flat/recommended'],
-    files: ['tests/e2e/**'],
+    files: ['tests/e2e/**/*.test.ts'],
    languageOptions: {globals: {...globals.nodeBuiltin, ...globals.browser}},
    rules: {
      ...playwright.configs['flat/recommended'].rules,
      'playwright/expect-expect': [0],
    },
  },
  {
@@ -916,27 +940,19 @@ export default defineConfig([
      },
    },
    extends: [
      // @ts-expect-error
      vue.configs['flat/recommended'],
-      // @ts-expect-error
+      vueScopedCss.configs.recommended as any,
      vueScopedCss.configs['flat/recommended'],
    ],
    rules: {
      'vue/attributes-order': [0],
      'vue/html-closing-bracket-spacing': [2, {startTag: 'never', endTag: 'never', selfClosingTag: 'never'}],
      'vue/max-attributes-per-line': [0],
      'vue/singleline-html-element-content-newline': [0],
-    },
+      'vue/require-typed-ref': [2],
  },
  {
    files: ['web_src/js/modules/fetch.ts', 'web_src/js/standalone/**/*'],
    rules: {
      'no-restricted-syntax': [2, ...restrictedSyntax],
    },
  },
  {
    files: ['**/*.test.ts', 'web_src/js/test/setup.ts'],
    // @ts-expect-error - https://github.com/vitest-dev/eslint-plugin-vitest/issues/737
    plugins: {vitest},
    languageOptions: {globals: globals.vitest},
    rules: {
@@ -960,6 +976,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'vitest/no-interpolation-in-snapshots': [0],
      'vitest/no-large-snapshots': [0],
      'vitest/no-mocks-import': [0],
      'vitest/no-importing-vitest-globals': [2],
      'vitest/no-restricted-matchers': [0],
      'vitest/no-restricted-vi-methods': [0],
      'vitest/no-standalone-expect': [0],
@@ -988,42 +1005,24 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'vitest/require-to-throw-message': [0],
      'vitest/require-top-level-describe': [0],
      'vitest/valid-describe-callback': [2],
-      'vitest/valid-expect': [2],
+      'vitest/valid-expect': [2, {maxArgs: 2}],
      'vitest/valid-expect-in-promise': [2],
      'vitest/valid-title': [2],
    },
  },
  {
    files: ['web_src/js/types.ts'],
    rules: {
      'import-x/no-unused-modules': [0],
    },
  },
  {
    files: ['**/*.d.ts'],
    rules: {
      'import-x/no-unused-modules': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/consistent-type-definitions': [0],
      '@typescript-eslint/consistent-type-imports': [0],
    },
  },
  {
-    files: ['*.config.*'],
+    files: ['*', 'tools/**/*', 'tests/**/*'],
-    rules: {
+    languageOptions: {globals: globals.nodeBuiltin},
      'import-x/no-unused-modules': [0],
    },
  },
  {
    files: ['web_src/**/*', 'docs/**/*'],
    languageOptions: {globals: globals.browser},
  },
  {
    files: ['web_src/**/*'],
-    languageOptions: {
+    languageOptions: {globals: {...globals.browser, ...globals.jquery, htmx: false}},
      globals: {
        ...globals.browser,
        __webpack_public_path__: true,
        process: false, // https://github.com/webpack/webpack/issues/15833
      },
    },
  },
 ]);
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
 import {defineConfig, globalIgnores} from 'eslint/config';
 import json from '@eslint/json';
 export default defineConfig([
  globalIgnores([
    '**/.venv',
    '**/node_modules',
    '**/public',
  ]),
  {
    files: ['**/*.json'],
    plugins: {json},
    language: 'json/json',
    extends: ['json/recommended'],
  },
  {
    files: [
      'tsconfig.json',
      '.devcontainer/*.json',
      '.vscode/*.json',
      'contrib/ide/vscode/*.json',
    ],
    plugins: {json},
    language: 'json/jsonc',
    languageOptions: {
      allowTrailingCommas: true,
    },
    extends: ['json/recommended'],
  },
 ]);
@@ -1,30 +1,12 @@
 {
  "nodes": {
    "flake-utils": {
      "inputs": {
        "systems": "systems"
      },
      "locked": {
        "lastModified": 1731533236,
        "narHash": "sha256-l0KFg5HjrsfsO/JpG+r7fRrqm12kzFHyUHqHCVpMMbI=",
        "owner": "numtide",
        "repo": "flake-utils",
        "rev": "11707dc2f618dd54ca8739b309ec4fc024de578b",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
        "owner": "numtide",
        "repo": "flake-utils",
        "type": "github"
      }
    },
    "nixpkgs": {
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1755186698,
+        "lastModified": 1775036866,
-        "narHash": "sha256-wNO3+Ks2jZJ4nTHMuks+cxAiVBGNuEBXsT29Bz6HASo=",
+        "narHash": "sha256-ZojAnPuCdy657PbTq5V0Y+AHKhZAIwSIT2cb8UgAz/U=",
        "owner": "nixos",
        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "fbcf476f790d8a217c3eab4e12033dc4a0f6d23c",
+        "rev": "6201e203d09599479a3b3450ed24fa81537ebc4e",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
@@ -36,24 +18,8 @@
    },
    "root": {
      "inputs": {
        "flake-utils": "flake-utils",
        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
      }
    },
    "systems": {
      "locked": {
        "lastModified": 1681028828,
        "narHash": "sha256-Vy1rq5AaRuLzOxct8nz4T6wlgyUR7zLU309k9mBC768=",
        "owner": "nix-systems",
        "repo": "default",
        "rev": "da67096a3b9bf56a91d16901293e51ba5b49a27e",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
        "owner": "nix-systems",
        "repo": "default",
        "type": "github"
      }
    }
  },
  "root": "root",
@@ -1,73 +1,94 @@
 {
  inputs = {
    nixpkgs.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs?ref=nixos-unstable";
    flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
  };
  outputs =
-    { nixpkgs, flake-utils, ... }:
+    { nixpkgs, ... }:
-    flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (
+    let
-      system:
+      supportedSystems = [
-      let
+        "aarch64-darwin"
-        pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};
+        "aarch64-linux"
-      in
+        "x86_64-darwin"
-      {
+        "x86_64-linux"
-        devShells.default =
+      ];
-          with pkgs;
+
      forEachSupportedSystem =
        f:
        nixpkgs.lib.genAttrs supportedSystems (
          system:
          let
-            # only bump toolchain versions here
+            pkgs = import nixpkgs {
-            go = go_1_25;
+              inherit system;
            nodejs = nodejs_24;
            python3 = python312;
            pnpm = pnpm_10;
            # Platform-specific dependencies
            linuxOnlyInputs = lib.optionals pkgs.stdenv.isLinux [
              glibc.static
            ];
            linuxOnlyEnv = lib.optionalAttrs pkgs.stdenv.isLinux {
              CFLAGS = "-I${glibc.static.dev}/include";
              LDFLAGS = "-L ${glibc.static}/lib";
            };
          in
-          pkgs.mkShell (
+          f { inherit pkgs; }
-            {
+        );
-              buildInputs = [
+    in
-                # generic
+    {
-                git
+      devShells = forEachSupportedSystem (
-                git-lfs
+        { pkgs, ... }:
-                gnumake
+        {
-                gnused
+          default =
-                gnutar
+            let
-                gzip
+              inherit (pkgs) lib;
                zip
-                # frontend
+              # only bump toolchain versions here
-                nodejs
+              go = pkgs.go_1_26;
-                pnpm
+              nodejs = pkgs.nodejs_24;
-                cairo
+              python3 = pkgs.python314;
-                pixman
+              pnpm = pkgs.pnpm_10;
                pkg-config
-                # linting
+              # Platform-specific dependencies
-                python3
+              linuxOnlyInputs = lib.optionals pkgs.stdenv.isLinux [
-                uv
+                pkgs.glibc.static
              ];
-                # backend
+              linuxOnlyEnv = lib.optionalAttrs pkgs.stdenv.isLinux {
-                go
+                CFLAGS = "-I${pkgs.glibc.static.dev}/include";
-                gofumpt
+                LDFLAGS = "-L ${pkgs.glibc.static}/lib";
-                sqlite
+              };
-              ]
+            in
-              ++ linuxOnlyInputs;
+            pkgs.mkShell {
              packages =
                with pkgs;
                [
                  # generic
                  git
                  git-lfs
                  gnumake
                  gnused
                  gnutar
                  gzip
                  zip
-              GO = "${go}/bin/go";
+                  # frontend
-              GOROOT = "${go}/share/go";
+                  nodejs
                  pnpm
                  cairo
                  pixman
                  pkg-config
-              TAGS = "sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify";
+                  # linting
-              STATIC = "true";
+                  python3
-            }
+                  uv
-            // linuxOnlyEnv
+
-          );
+                  # backend
-      }
+                  go
-    );
+                  gofumpt
                  sqlite
                ]
                ++ linuxOnlyInputs;
              env = {
                GO = "${go}/bin/go";
                GOROOT = "${go}/share/go";
                TAGS = "sqlite sqlite_unlock_notify";
                STATIC = "true";
              }
              // linuxOnlyEnv;
            };
        }
      );
    };
 }
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 module code.gitea.io/gitea
-go 1.25.0
+go 1.26.3
 toolchain go1.25.5
 // rfc5280 said: "The serial number is an integer assigned by the CA to each certificate."
 // But some CAs use negative serial number, just relax the check. related:
@@ -11,208 +9,201 @@ godebug x509negativeserial=1
 require (
 	code.gitea.io/actions-proto-go v0.4.1
-	code.gitea.io/gitea-vet v0.2.3
+	code.gitea.io/sdk/gitea v0.24.1
 	code.gitea.io/sdk/gitea v0.22.0
 	codeberg.org/gusted/mcaptcha v0.0.0-20220723083913-4f3072e1d570
-	connectrpc.com/connect v1.18.1
+	connectrpc.com/connect v1.19.1
-	gitea.com/go-chi/binding v0.0.0-20240430071103-39a851e106ed
+	gitea.com/go-chi/binding v0.0.0-20260414111559-654cea7ac60a
 	gitea.com/go-chi/cache v0.2.1
 	gitea.com/go-chi/captcha v0.0.0-20240315150714-fb487f629098
-	gitea.com/go-chi/session v0.0.0-20240316035857-16768d98ec96
+	gitea.com/go-chi/session v0.0.0-20251124165456-68e0254e989e
 	gitea.com/lunny/dingtalk_webhook v0.0.0-20171025031554-e3534c89ef96
 	gitea.com/lunny/levelqueue v0.4.2-0.20230414023320-3c0159fe0fe4
-	github.com/42wim/httpsig v1.2.3
+	github.com/42wim/httpsig v1.2.4
-	github.com/42wim/sshsig v0.0.0-20250502153856-5100632e8920
+	github.com/42wim/sshsig v0.0.0-20260317195500-b9f38cf0d432
 	github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/azcore v1.19.0
 	github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/storage/azblob v1.6.2
-	github.com/Azure/go-ntlmssp v0.0.0-20221128193559-754e69321358
+	github.com/Azure/go-ntlmssp v0.1.0
-	github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.3.0
+	github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.4.1
-	github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery v1.10.3
+	github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery v1.12.0
 	github.com/SaveTheRbtz/zstd-seekable-format-go/pkg v0.8.0
-	github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.20.0
+	github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.23.1
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials v1.18.10
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials v1.19.13
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/codecommit v1.32.2
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/codecommit v1.33.12
 	github.com/blakesmith/ar v0.0.0-20190502131153-809d4375e1fb
-	github.com/blevesearch/bleve/v2 v2.5.3
+	github.com/blevesearch/bleve/v2 v2.5.7
 	github.com/bohde/codel v0.2.0
 	github.com/buildkite/terminal-to-html/v3 v3.16.8
-	github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.24.0
+	github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.25.2
 	github.com/charmbracelet/git-lfs-transfer v0.1.1-0.20251013092601-6327009efd21
 	github.com/chi-middleware/proxy v1.1.1
 	github.com/dimiro1/reply v0.0.0-20200315094148-d0136a4c9e21
-	github.com/djherbis/buffer v1.2.0
+	github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.5
 	github.com/djherbis/nio/v3 v3.0.1
 	github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.2-0.20230904184137-39efe44ab707
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1
-	github.com/editorconfig/editorconfig-core-go/v2 v2.6.3
+	github.com/editorconfig/editorconfig-core-go/v2 v2.6.4
 	github.com/emersion/go-imap v1.2.1
 	github.com/emirpasic/gods v1.18.1
 	github.com/ethantkoenig/rupture v1.0.1
 	github.com/felixge/fgprof v0.9.5
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0
 	github.com/gliderlabs/ssh v0.3.8
-	github.com/go-ap/activitypub v0.0.0-20250810115208-cb73b20a1742
+	github.com/go-chi/chi/v5 v5.2.5
 	github.com/go-ap/jsonld v0.0.0-20221030091449-f2a191312c73
 	github.com/go-chi/chi/v5 v5.2.3
 	github.com/go-chi/cors v1.2.2
-	github.com/go-co-op/gocron v1.37.0
+	github.com/go-co-op/gocron/v2 v2.19.1
-	github.com/go-enry/go-enry/v2 v2.9.2
+	github.com/go-enry/go-enry/v2 v2.9.5
-	github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5 v5.6.2
+	github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5 v5.9.0
-	github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.16.3
+	github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.19.0
-	github.com/go-ldap/ldap/v3 v3.4.11
+	github.com/go-ldap/ldap/v3 v3.4.13
-	github.com/go-redsync/redsync/v4 v4.13.0
+	github.com/go-redsync/redsync/v4 v4.16.0
 	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.3
-	github.com/go-webauthn/webauthn v0.13.4
+	github.com/go-webauthn/webauthn v0.16.1
 	github.com/gogs/chardet v0.0.0-20211120154057-b7413eaefb8f
 	github.com/gogs/go-gogs-client v0.0.0-20210131175652-1d7215cd8d85
-	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.3.0
+	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.3.1
-	github.com/google/go-github/v74 v74.0.0
+	github.com/google/go-github/v84 v84.0.0
 	github.com/google/licenseclassifier/v2 v2.0.0
-	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20250820193118-f64d9cf942d6
+	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20260302011040-a15ffb7f9dcc
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/gorilla/feeds v1.2.0
 	github.com/gorilla/sessions v1.4.0
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-version v1.7.0
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-version v1.9.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7
 	github.com/huandu/xstrings v1.5.0
 	github.com/jaytaylor/html2text v0.0.0-20230321000545-74c2419ad056
-	github.com/jhillyerd/enmime v1.3.0
+	github.com/jhillyerd/enmime/v2 v2.3.0
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12
 	github.com/kballard/go-shellquote v0.0.0-20180428030007-95032a82bc51
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.5
 	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.3.0
-	github.com/lib/pq v1.10.9
+	github.com/lib/pq v1.12.1
 	github.com/markbates/goth v1.82.0
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20
-	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.32
+	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.38
-	github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch-go v0.33.2
+	github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch-go v0.36.1
-	github.com/mholt/archives v0.1.5-0.20251009205813-e30ac6010726
+	github.com/mholt/archives v0.1.5
 	github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday v1.0.27
-	github.com/microsoft/go-mssqldb v1.9.3
+	github.com/microsoft/go-mssqldb v1.9.6
-	github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.95
+	github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.99
-	github.com/msteinert/pam v1.2.0
+	github.com/msteinert/pam/v2 v2.1.0
 	github.com/nektos/act v0.2.63
 	github.com/niklasfasching/go-org v1.9.1
 	github.com/olivere/elastic/v7 v7.0.32
 	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0
 	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.1
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1
 	github.com/pquerna/otp v1.5.0
-	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.23.0
+	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.23.2
 	github.com/quasoft/websspi v1.1.2
-	github.com/redis/go-redis/v9 v9.12.1
+	github.com/redis/go-redis/v9 v9.18.0
 	github.com/robfig/cron/v3 v3.0.1
-	github.com/santhosh-tekuri/jsonschema/v5 v5.3.1
+	github.com/santhosh-tekuri/jsonschema/v6 v6.0.2
 	github.com/sassoftware/go-rpmutils v0.4.0
 	github.com/sergi/go-diff v1.4.0
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
 	github.com/syndtr/goleveldb v1.0.0
 	github.com/tstranex/u2f v1.0.0
 	github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.15
-	github.com/urfave/cli-docs/v3 v3.0.0-alpha6
+	github.com/urfave/cli-docs/v3 v3.1.0
 	github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.4.1
 	github.com/wneessen/go-mail v0.7.2
 	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema v1.2.0
 	github.com/yohcop/openid-go v1.0.1
-	github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.7.13
+	github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.8.2
 	github.com/yuin/goldmark-highlighting/v2 v2.0.0-20230729083705-37449abec8cc
-	github.com/yuin/goldmark-meta v1.1.0
+	gitlab.com/gitlab-org/api/client-go v1.46.0
-	gitlab.com/gitlab-org/api/client-go v0.142.4
+	go.yaml.in/yaml/v4 v4.0.0-rc.3
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.50.0
-	golang.org/x/image v0.30.0
+	golang.org/x/image v0.38.0
-	golang.org/x/net v0.47.0
+	golang.org/x/net v0.53.0
-	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.36.0
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.20.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.44.0
-	golang.org/x/text v0.31.0
+	golang.org/x/text v0.36.0
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.75.0
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.79.3
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.8
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11
-	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0
+	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.1
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
 	mvdan.cc/xurls/v2 v2.6.0
-	strk.kbt.io/projects/go/libravatar v0.0.0-20191008002943-06d1c002b251
+	strk.kbt.io/projects/go/libravatar v0.0.0-20260301104140-add494e31dab
 	xorm.io/builder v0.3.13
-	xorm.io/xorm v1.3.10
+	xorm.io/xorm v1.3.11
 )
 require (
-	cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.8.0 // indirect
+	cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.9.0 // indirect
 	code.gitea.io/gitea-vet v0.2.3 // indirect
 	dario.cat/mergo v1.0.2 // indirect
-	filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 // indirect
+	filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.2.0 // indirect
 	git.sr.ht/~mariusor/go-xsd-duration v0.0.0-20220703122237-02e73435a078 // indirect
 	github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/internal v1.11.2 // indirect
 	github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.5.7 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 // indirect
-	github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring/v2 v2.10.0 // indirect
+	github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring/v2 v2.16.0 // indirect
 	github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.3 // indirect
-	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/andybalholm/cascadia v1.3.3 // indirect
 	github.com/anmitsu/go-shlex v0.0.0-20200514113438-38f4b401e2be // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.38.3 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.41.5 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/configsources v1.4.6 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/configsources v1.4.21 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/endpoints/v2 v2.7.6 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/endpoints/v2 v2.7.21 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.23.0 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.24.2 // indirect
 	github.com/aymerick/douceur v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.24.0 // indirect
+	github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.24.4 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/bleve_index_api v1.2.9 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/bleve_index_api v1.3.7 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/geo v0.2.4 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/geo v0.2.5 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/go-faiss v1.0.25 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/go-faiss v1.0.30 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/go-porterstemmer v1.0.3 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/gtreap v0.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/mmap-go v1.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/mmap-go v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/scorch_segment_api/v2 v2.3.11 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/scorch_segment_api/v2 v2.4.5 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/segment v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/snowballstem v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/blevesearch/upsidedown_store_api v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/vellum v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/vellum v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v11 v11.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v11 v11.4.3 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v12 v12.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v12 v12.4.3 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v13 v13.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v13 v13.4.3 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v14 v14.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v14 v14.4.3 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v15 v15.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v15 v15.4.3 // indirect
-	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v16 v16.2.4 // indirect
+	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v16 v16.3.2 // indirect
-	github.com/bmatcuk/doublestar/v4 v4.9.1 // indirect
+	github.com/bmatcuk/doublestar/v4 v4.10.0 // indirect
 	github.com/bodgit/plumbing v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bodgit/windows v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/boombuler/barcode v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/bradfitz/gomemcache v0.0.0-20250403215159-8d39553ac7cf // indirect
-	github.com/caddyserver/zerossl v0.1.3 // indirect
+	github.com/caddyserver/zerossl v0.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/cention-sany/utf7 v0.0.0-20170124080048-26cad61bd60a // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.1 // indirect
+	github.com/clipperhouse/displaywidth v0.11.0 // indirect
 	github.com/clipperhouse/uax29/v2 v2.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.3 // indirect
 	github.com/couchbase/go-couchbase v0.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/couchbase/gomemcached v0.3.3 // indirect
+	github.com/couchbase/gomemcached v0.3.4 // indirect
-	github.com/couchbase/goutils v0.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/couchbase/goutils v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.7 // indirect
-	github.com/cyphar/filepath-securejoin v0.4.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cyphar/filepath-securejoin v0.6.1 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc // indirect
 	github.com/davidmz/go-pageant v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/dgryski/go-rendezvous v0.0.0-20200823014737-9f7001d12a5f // indirect
 	github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.5 // indirect
 	github.com/emersion/go-sasl v0.0.0-20241020182733-b788ff22d5a6 // indirect
-	github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/fatih/color v1.19.0 // indirect
-	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.0 // indirect
+	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/git-lfs/pktline v0.0.0-20230103162542-ca444d533ef1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-ap/errors v0.0.0-20250527110557-c8db454e53fd // indirect
 	github.com/go-asn1-ber/asn1-ber v1.5.8-0.20250403174932-29230038a667 // indirect
 	github.com/go-enry/go-oniguruma v1.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-fed/httpsig v1.1.1-0.20201223112313-55836744818e // indirect
 	github.com/go-git/gcfg v1.5.1-0.20230307220236-3a3c6141e376 // indirect
 	github.com/go-ini/ini v1.67.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-webauthn/x v0.1.24 // indirect
+	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.5.0 // indirect
-	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.5 // indirect
+	github.com/go-webauthn/x v0.2.2 // indirect
-	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.2 // indirect
+	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.6 // indirect
 	github.com/golang-sql/civil v0.0.0-20220223132316-b832511892a9 // indirect
 	github.com/golang-sql/sqlexp v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20241129210726-2c02b8208cf8 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/snappy v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/btree v1.1.3 // indirect
-	github.com/google/flatbuffers v25.2.10+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/google/flatbuffers v25.12.19+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-querystring v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-querystring v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.5 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.8 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/css v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/securecookie v1.1.2 // indirect
@@ -220,53 +211,56 @@ require (
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp v0.7.8 // indirect
 	github.com/inbucket/html2text v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jbenet/go-context v0.0.0-20150711004518-d14ea06fba99 // indirect
 	github.com/jonboulle/clockwork v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/kevinburke/ssh_config v1.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
 	github.com/kevinburke/ssh_config v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/crc32 v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/pgzip v1.2.6 // indirect
 	github.com/libdns/libdns v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.9.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.9.2 // indirect
 	github.com/markbates/going v1.0.3 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.14 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.16 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.21 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-shellwords v1.0.12 // indirect
-	github.com/mholt/acmez/v3 v3.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/mholt/acmez/v3 v3.1.6 // indirect
-	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.68 // indirect
+	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.72 // indirect
 	github.com/mikelolasagasti/xz v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/crc64nvme v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2 // indirect
-	github.com/minio/minlz v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/minio/minlz v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/mrjones/oauth v0.0.0-20190623134757-126b35219450 // indirect
 	github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
-	github.com/nwaples/rardecode/v2 v2.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/nwaples/rardecode/v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
-	github.com/olekukonko/cat v0.0.0-20250817074551-3280053e4e00 // indirect
+	github.com/olekukonko/cat v0.0.0-20250911104152-50322a0618f6 // indirect
-	github.com/olekukonko/errors v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/olekukonko/errors v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/olekukonko/ll v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/olekukonko/ll v0.1.8 // indirect
-	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v1.0.9 // indirect
+	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v1.1.4 // indirect
 	github.com/onsi/ginkgo v1.16.5 // indirect
 	github.com/philhofer/fwd v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/pierrec/lz4/v4 v4.1.22 // indirect
+	github.com/pierrec/lz4/v4 v4.1.26 // indirect
-	github.com/pjbgf/sha1cd v0.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/pjbgf/sha1cd v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.2 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/common v0.65.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.67.5 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.17.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.20.1 // indirect
-	github.com/rhysd/actionlint v1.7.7 // indirect
+	github.com/rhysd/actionlint v1.7.12 // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 // indirect
 	github.com/rs/xid v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 // indirect
+	github.com/shopspring/decimal v1.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/skeema/knownhosts v1.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.4 // indirect
 	github.com/skeema/knownhosts v1.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/sorairolake/lzip-go v0.3.8 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 // indirect
 	github.com/ssor/bom v0.0.0-20170718123548-6386211fdfcf // indirect
-	github.com/tinylib/msgp v1.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tinylib/msgp v1.6.3 // indirect
 	github.com/unknwon/com v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/valyala/fastjson v1.6.4 // indirect
 	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
 	github.com/xanzy/ssh-agent v0.3.3 // indirect
 	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20190905194746-02993c407bfb // indirect
@@ -277,16 +271,16 @@ require (
 	go.etcd.io/bbolt v1.4.3 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/atomic v1.11.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
-	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.1 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/zap/exp v0.3.0 // indirect
-	go4.org v0.0.0-20230225012048-214862532bf5 // indirect
+	go.yaml.in/yaml/v2 v2.4.4 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250305212735-054e65f0b394 // indirect
+	go.yaml.in/yaml/v3 v3.0.4 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/mod v0.29.0 // indirect
+	go4.org v0.0.0-20260112195520-a5071408f32f // indirect
-	golang.org/x/time v0.12.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.35.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/tools v0.38.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.15.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250826171959-ef028d996bc1 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.44.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20260401020348-3a24fdc17823 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/warnings.v0 v0.1.2 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 )
 ignore (
@@ -294,18 +288,22 @@ ignore (
 	./node_modules
 )
-replace github.com/jaytaylor/html2text => github.com/Necoro/html2text v0.0.0-20250804200300-7bf1ce1c7347
+// When doing "go get -u ./...", Golang will try to update all dependencies
 // But not all latest versions of dependencies are compatible with other packages or our codebase, so we need to pin some dependencies to specific versions
 // Need to regularly maintain this list to try to update them to latest versions, especially the TODO ones
-replace github.com/hashicorp/go-version => github.com/6543/go-version v1.3.1
+replace github.com/jaytaylor/html2text => github.com/Necoro/html2text v0.0.0-20250804200300-7bf1ce1c7347 // jaytaylor/html2text is unmaintained
-replace github.com/nektos/act => gitea.com/gitea/act v0.261.7-0.20251003180512-ac6e4b751763
+replace github.com/nektos/act => gitea.com/gitea/act v0.261.10 // gitea maintains its own package
-replace git.sr.ht/~mariusor/go-xsd-duration => gitea.com/gitea/go-xsd-duration v0.0.0-20220703122237-02e73435a078
+replace github.com/urfave/cli/v3 => github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.4.1 // v3.6.2 breaks -c flag parsing in help commands
-exclude github.com/gofrs/uuid v3.2.0+incompatible
+replace go.yaml.in/yaml/v4 => go.yaml.in/yaml/v4 v4.0.0-rc.3 // rc.4 changes block scalar serialization, wait for stable release
-exclude github.com/gofrs/uuid v4.0.0+incompatible
+replace github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/azcore => github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/azcore v1.19.0 // v1.21.0+ uses API version unsupported by Azurite in CI
-exclude github.com/goccy/go-json v0.4.11
+replace github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/storage/azblob => github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/storage/azblob v1.6.2 // v1.6.4+ uses API version unsupported by Azurite in CI
-exclude github.com/satori/go.uuid v1.2.0
+replace github.com/microsoft/go-mssqldb => github.com/microsoft/go-mssqldb v1.9.7 // downgraded with Azure SDK
 tool code.gitea.io/gitea-vet
@@ -26,9 +26,8 @@ import (
 // these flags will be set by the build flags
 var (
-	Version     = "development" // program version for this build
+	Version = "development" // program version for this build
-	Tags        = ""            // the Golang build tags
+	Tags    = ""            // the Golang build tags
 	MakeVersion = ""            // "make" program version if built with make
 )
 func init() {
@@ -44,14 +43,12 @@ func main() {
 	}
 	app := cmd.NewMainApp(cmd.AppVersion{Version: Version, Extra: formatBuiltWith()})
 	_ = cmd.RunMainApp(app, os.Args...) // all errors should have been handled by the RunMainApp
 	// flush the queued logs before exiting, it is a MUST, otherwise there will be log loss
 	log.GetManager().Close()
 }
 func formatBuiltWith() string {
 	version := runtime.Version()
 	if len(MakeVersion) > 0 {
 		version = MakeVersion + ", " + runtime.Version()
 	}
 	if len(Tags) == 0 {
 		return " built with " + version
 	}
@@ -53,6 +53,11 @@ func init() {
 	db.RegisterModel(new(ActionArtifact))
 }
 const (
 	ContentEncodingV3Gzip = "gzip"
 	ContentTypeZip        = "application/zip"
 )
 // ActionArtifact is a file that is stored in the artifact storage.
 type ActionArtifact struct {
 	ID                 int64 `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
@@ -61,16 +66,26 @@ type ActionArtifact struct {
 	RepoID             int64 `xorm:"index"`
 	OwnerID            int64
 	CommitSHA          string
-	StoragePath        string             // The path to the artifact in the storage
+	StoragePath        string // The path to the artifact in the storage
-	FileSize           int64              // The size of the artifact in bytes
+	FileSize           int64  // The size of the artifact in bytes
-	FileCompressedSize int64              // The size of the artifact in bytes after gzip compression
+	FileCompressedSize int64  // The size of the artifact in bytes after gzip compression
-	ContentEncoding    string             // The content encoding of the artifact
+
-	ArtifactPath       string             `xorm:"index unique(runid_name_path)"` // The path to the artifact when runner uploads it
+	// The content encoding or content type of the artifact
-	ArtifactName       string             `xorm:"index unique(runid_name_path)"` // The name of the artifact when runner uploads it
+	// * empty or null: legacy (v3) uncompressed content
-	Status             ArtifactStatus     `xorm:"index"`                         // The status of the artifact, uploading, expired or need-delete
+	// * magic string "gzip" (ContentEncodingV3Gzip): v3 gzip compressed content
-	CreatedUnix        timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"created"`
+	//   * requires gzip decoding before storing in a zip for download
-	UpdatedUnix        timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"updated index"`
+	//   * requires gzip content-encoding header when downloaded single files within a workflow
-	ExpiredUnix        timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"index"` // The time when the artifact will be expired
+	// * mime type for "Content-Type":
 	//   * "application/zip" (ContentTypeZip), seems to be an abuse, fortunately there is no conflict, and it won't cause problems?
 	//   * "application/pdf", "text/html", etc.: real content type of the artifact
 	ContentEncodingOrType string `xorm:"content_encoding"`
 	ArtifactPath string             `xorm:"index unique(runid_name_path)"` // The path to the artifact when runner uploads it
 	ArtifactName string             `xorm:"index unique(runid_name_path)"` // The name of the artifact when runner uploads it
 	Status       ArtifactStatus     `xorm:"index"`                         // The status of the artifact, uploading, expired or need-delete
 	CreatedUnix  timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"created"`
 	UpdatedUnix  timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"updated index"`
 	ExpiredUnix  timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"index"` // The time when the artifact will be expired
 }
 func CreateArtifact(ctx context.Context, t *ActionTask, artifactName, artifactPath string, expiredDays int64) (*ActionArtifact, error) {
@@ -156,7 +171,8 @@ func (opts FindArtifactsOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
 	}
 	if opts.FinalizedArtifactsV4 {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"status": ArtifactStatusUploadConfirmed}.Or(builder.Eq{"status": ArtifactStatusExpired}))
-		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"content_encoding": "application/zip"})
+		// see the comment of ActionArtifact.ContentEncodingOrType: "*/*" means the field is a content type
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Like{"content_encoding", "%/%"})
 	}
 	return cond
@@ -170,10 +186,10 @@ type ActionArtifactMeta struct {
 }
 // ListUploadedArtifactsMeta returns all uploaded artifacts meta of a run
-func ListUploadedArtifactsMeta(ctx context.Context, runID int64) ([]*ActionArtifactMeta, error) {
+func ListUploadedArtifactsMeta(ctx context.Context, repoID, runID int64) ([]*ActionArtifactMeta, error) {
 	arts := make([]*ActionArtifactMeta, 0, 10)
 	return arts, db.GetEngine(ctx).Table("action_artifact").
-		Where("run_id=? AND (status=? OR status=?)", runID, ArtifactStatusUploadConfirmed, ArtifactStatusExpired).
+		Where("repo_id=? AND run_id=? AND (status=? OR status=?)", repoID, runID, ArtifactStatusUploadConfirmed, ArtifactStatusExpired).
 		GroupBy("artifact_name").
 		Select("artifact_name, sum(file_size) as file_size, max(status) as status").
 		Find(&arts)
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
 // Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 package actions
 import (
 	"context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 	"xorm.io/xorm/convert"
 )
 // OwnerActionsConfig defines the Actions configuration for a user or organization
 type OwnerActionsConfig struct {
 	// TokenPermissionMode defines the default permission mode (permissive, restricted)
 	TokenPermissionMode repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissionMode `json:"token_permission_mode,omitempty"`
 	// MaxTokenPermissions defines the absolute maximum permissions any token can have in this context.
 	MaxTokenPermissions *repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissions `json:"max_token_permissions,omitempty"`
 	// AllowedCrossRepoIDs is a list of specific repo IDs that can be accessed cross-repo
 	AllowedCrossRepoIDs []int64 `json:"allowed_cross_repo_ids,omitempty"`
 }
 var _ convert.ConversionFrom = (*OwnerActionsConfig)(nil)
 func (cfg *OwnerActionsConfig) FromDB(bytes []byte) error {
 	_ = json.Unmarshal(bytes, cfg)
 	cfg.TokenPermissionMode, _ = util.EnumValue(cfg.TokenPermissionMode)
 	return nil
 }
 // GetOwnerActionsConfig loads the OwnerActionsConfig for a user or organization from user settings
 // It returns a default config if no setting is found
 func GetOwnerActionsConfig(ctx context.Context, userID int64) (ret OwnerActionsConfig, err error) {
 	return user_model.GetUserSettingJSON(ctx, userID, user_model.SettingsKeyActionsConfig, ret)
 }
 // SetOwnerActionsConfig saves the OwnerActionsConfig for a user or organization to user settings
 func SetOwnerActionsConfig(ctx context.Context, userID int64, cfg OwnerActionsConfig) error {
 	return user_model.SetUserSettingJSON(ctx, userID, user_model.SettingsKeyActionsConfig, cfg)
 }
 // GetDefaultTokenPermissions returns the default token permissions by its TokenPermissionMode.
 func (cfg *OwnerActionsConfig) GetDefaultTokenPermissions() repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissions {
 	switch cfg.TokenPermissionMode {
 	case repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissionModeRestricted:
 		return repo_model.MakeRestrictedPermissions()
 	case repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissionModePermissive:
 		return repo_model.MakeActionsTokenPermissions(perm.AccessModeWrite)
 	default:
 		return repo_model.MakeActionsTokenPermissions(perm.AccessModeNone)
 	}
 }
 // GetMaxTokenPermissions returns the maximum allowed permissions
 func (cfg *OwnerActionsConfig) GetMaxTokenPermissions() repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissions {
 	if cfg.MaxTokenPermissions != nil {
 		return *cfg.MaxTokenPermissions
 	}
 	// Default max is write for everything
 	return repo_model.MakeActionsTokenPermissions(perm.AccessModeWrite)
 }
 // ClampPermissions ensures that the given permissions don't exceed the maximum
 func (cfg *OwnerActionsConfig) ClampPermissions(perms repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissions) repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissions {
 	maxPerms := cfg.GetMaxTokenPermissions()
 	return repo_model.ClampActionsTokenPermissions(perms, maxPerms)
 }
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -16,13 +15,13 @@ import (
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	api "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 	webhook_module "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/webhook"
 	"github.com/nektos/act/pkg/jobparser"
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ import (
 type ActionRun struct {
 	ID                int64
 	Title             string
-	RepoID            int64                  `xorm:"index unique(repo_index)"`
+	RepoID            int64                  `xorm:"unique(repo_index) index(repo_concurrency)"`
 	Repo              *repo_model.Repository `xorm:"-"`
 	OwnerID           int64                  `xorm:"index"`
 	WorkflowID        string                 `xorm:"index"`                    // the name of workflow file
@@ -49,6 +48,9 @@ type ActionRun struct {
 	TriggerEvent      string                       // the trigger event defined in the `on` configuration of the triggered workflow
 	Status            Status                       `xorm:"index"`
 	Version           int                          `xorm:"version default 0"` // Status could be updated concomitantly, so an optimistic lock is needed
 	RawConcurrency    string                       // raw concurrency
 	ConcurrencyGroup  string                       `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''"`
 	ConcurrencyCancel bool                         `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE"`
 	// Started and Stopped is used for recording last run time, if rerun happened, they will be reset to 0
 	Started timeutil.TimeStamp
 	Stopped timeutil.TimeStamp
@@ -67,14 +69,14 @@ func (run *ActionRun) HTMLURL() string {
 	if run.Repo == nil {
 		return ""
 	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/actions/runs/%d", run.Repo.HTMLURL(), run.Index)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/actions/runs/%d", run.Repo.HTMLURL(), run.ID)
 }
 func (run *ActionRun) Link() string {
 	if run.Repo == nil {
 		return ""
 	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/actions/runs/%d", run.Repo.Link(), run.Index)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/actions/runs/%d", run.Repo.Link(), run.ID)
 }
 func (run *ActionRun) WorkflowLink() string {
@@ -102,8 +104,17 @@ func (run *ActionRun) PrettyRef() string {
 	return refName.ShortName()
 }
 // RefTooltip return a tooltop of run's ref. For pull request, it's the title of the PR, otherwise it's the ShortName.
 func (run *ActionRun) RefTooltip() string {
 	payload, err := run.GetPullRequestEventPayload()
 	if err == nil && payload != nil && payload.PullRequest != nil {
 		return payload.PullRequest.Title
 	}
 	return git.RefName(run.Ref).ShortName()
 }
 // LoadAttributes load Repo TriggerUser if not loaded
-func (run *ActionRun) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context) error {
+func (run *ActionRun) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 	if run == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -117,11 +128,10 @@ func (run *ActionRun) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}
 	if run.TriggerUser == nil {
-		u, err := user_model.GetPossibleUserByID(ctx, run.TriggerUserID)
+		run.TriggerUserID, run.TriggerUser, err = user_model.GetPossibleUserByID(ctx, run.TriggerUserID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		run.TriggerUser = u
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -141,7 +151,11 @@ func (run *ActionRun) LoadRepo(ctx context.Context) error {
 }
 func (run *ActionRun) Duration() time.Duration {
-	return calculateDuration(run.Started, run.Stopped, run.Status) + run.PreviousDuration
+	d := calculateDuration(run.Started, run.Stopped, run.Status, run.Updated) + run.PreviousDuration
 	if d < 0 {
 		return 0
 	}
 	return d
 }
 func (run *ActionRun) GetPushEventPayload() (*api.PushPayload, error) {
@@ -156,7 +170,7 @@ func (run *ActionRun) GetPushEventPayload() (*api.PushPayload, error) {
 }
 func (run *ActionRun) GetPullRequestEventPayload() (*api.PullRequestPayload, error) {
-	if run.Event.IsPullRequest() {
+	if run.Event.IsPullRequest() || run.Event.IsPullRequestReview() {
 		var payload api.PullRequestPayload
 		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(run.EventPayload), &payload); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -181,30 +195,35 @@ func (run *ActionRun) IsSchedule() bool {
 	return run.ScheduleID > 0
 }
-func updateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository) error {
+// UpdateRepoRunsNumbers updates the number of runs and closed runs of a repository.
-	_, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(repo.ID).
+// Callers MUST invoke this from outside any transaction that has X-locked action_run rows for the same repo, otherwise, transaction deadlock
-		NoAutoTime().
+func UpdateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx context.Context, repoID int64) {
-		Cols("num_action_runs", "num_closed_action_runs").
+	if db.InTransaction(ctx) {
-		SetExpr("num_action_runs",
+		setting.PanicInDevOrTesting("UpdateRepoRunsNumbers must not be called inside a transaction")
-			builder.Select("count(*)").From("action_run").
+	}
-				Where(builder.Eq{"repo_id": repo.ID}),
+
-		).
+	e := db.GetEngine(ctx)
-		SetExpr("num_closed_action_runs",
+
-			builder.Select("count(*)").From("action_run").
+	numActionRuns, err := e.Where("repo_id = ?", repoID).Count(new(ActionRun))
-				Where(builder.Eq{
+	if err != nil {
-					"repo_id": repo.ID,
+		log.Error("UpdateRepoRunsNumbers count num_action_runs for repo %d: %v", repoID, err)
-				}.And(
+		return
-					builder.In("status",
+	}
-						StatusSuccess,
+
-						StatusFailure,
+	numClosedActionRuns, err := e.Where("repo_id = ?", repoID).
-						StatusCancelled,
+		In("status", StatusSuccess, StatusFailure, StatusCancelled, StatusSkipped).
-						StatusSkipped,
+		Count(new(ActionRun))
-					),
+	if err != nil {
-				),
+		log.Error("UpdateRepoRunsNumbers count num_closed_action_runs for repo %d: %v", repoID, err)
-				),
+		return
-		).
+	}
-		Update(repo)
+
-	return err
+	if _, err := e.ID(repoID).Cols("num_action_runs", "num_closed_action_runs").NoAutoTime().Update(&repo_model.Repository{
 		NumActionRuns:       int(numActionRuns),
 		NumClosedActionRuns: int(numClosedActionRuns),
 	}); err != nil {
 		log.Error("UpdateRepoRunsNumbers update repo %d: %v", repoID, err)
 	}
 }
 // CancelPreviousJobs cancels all previous jobs of the same repository, reference, workflow, and event.
@@ -239,116 +258,62 @@ func CancelPreviousJobs(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, ref, workflowID strin
 			return cancelledJobs, err
 		}
-		// Iterate over each job and attempt to cancel it.
+		cjs, err := CancelJobs(ctx, jobs)
-		for _, job := range jobs {
+		if err != nil {
-			// Skip jobs that are already in a terminal state (completed, cancelled, etc.).
+			return cancelledJobs, err
 			status := job.Status
 			if status.IsDone() {
 				continue
 			}
 			// If the job has no associated task (probably an error), set its status to 'Cancelled' and stop it.
 			if job.TaskID == 0 {
 				job.Status = StatusCancelled
 				job.Stopped = timeutil.TimeStampNow()
 				// Update the job's status and stopped time in the database.
 				n, err := UpdateRunJob(ctx, job, builder.Eq{"task_id": 0}, "status", "stopped")
 				if err != nil {
 					return cancelledJobs, err
 				}
 				// If the update affected 0 rows, it means the job has changed in the meantime, so we need to try again.
 				if n == 0 {
 					return cancelledJobs, errors.New("job has changed, try again")
 				}
 				cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, job)
 				// Continue with the next job.
 				continue
 			}
 			// If the job has an associated task, try to stop the task, effectively cancelling the job.
 			if err := StopTask(ctx, job.TaskID, StatusCancelled); err != nil {
 				return cancelledJobs, err
 			}
 			cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, job)
 		}
 		cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, cjs...)
 	}
 	// Return nil to indicate successful cancellation of all running and waiting jobs.
 	return cancelledJobs, nil
 }
-// InsertRun inserts a run
+func CancelJobs(ctx context.Context, jobs []*ActionRunJob) ([]*ActionRunJob, error) {
-// The title will be cut off at 255 characters if it's longer than 255 characters.
+	cancelledJobs := make([]*ActionRunJob, 0, len(jobs))
-func InsertRun(ctx context.Context, run *ActionRun, jobs []*jobparser.SingleWorkflow) error {
+	// Iterate over each job and attempt to cancel it.
-	return db.WithTx(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+	for _, job := range jobs {
-		index, err := db.GetNextResourceIndex(ctx, "action_run_index", run.RepoID)
+		// Skip jobs that are already in a terminal state (completed, cancelled, etc.).
-		if err != nil {
+		status := job.Status
-			return err
+		if status.IsDone() {
-		}
+			continue
 		run.Index = index
 		run.Title = util.EllipsisDisplayString(run.Title, 255)
 		if err := db.Insert(ctx, run); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if run.Repo == nil {
+		// If the job has no associated task (probably an error), set its status to 'Cancelled' and stop it.
-			repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByID(ctx, run.RepoID)
+		if job.TaskID == 0 {
 			job.Status = StatusCancelled
 			job.Stopped = timeutil.TimeStampNow()
 			// Update the job's status and stopped time in the database.
 			n, err := UpdateRunJob(ctx, job, builder.Eq{"task_id": 0}, "status", "stopped")
 			if err != nil {
-				return err
+				return cancelledJobs, err
 			}
-			run.Repo = repo
+
 			// If the update affected 0 rows, it means the job has changed in the meantime
 			if n == 0 {
 				log.Error("Failed to cancel job %d because it has changed", job.ID)
 				continue
 			}
 			cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, job)
 			// Continue with the next job.
 			continue
 		}
-		if err := updateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx, run.Repo); err != nil {
+		// If the job has an associated task, try to stop the task, effectively cancelling the job.
-			return err
+		if err := StopTask(ctx, job.TaskID, StatusCancelled); err != nil {
 			return cancelledJobs, err
 		}
 		updatedJob, err := GetRunJobByRunAndID(ctx, job.RunID, job.ID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return cancelledJobs, fmt.Errorf("get job: %w", err)
 		}
 		cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, updatedJob)
 	}
-		runJobs := make([]*ActionRunJob, 0, len(jobs))
+	// Return nil to indicate successful cancellation of all running and waiting jobs.
-		var hasWaiting bool
+	return cancelledJobs, nil
 		for _, v := range jobs {
 			id, job := v.Job()
 			needs := job.Needs()
 			if err := v.SetJob(id, job.EraseNeeds()); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 			payload, _ := v.Marshal()
 			status := StatusWaiting
 			if len(needs) > 0 || run.NeedApproval {
 				status = StatusBlocked
 			} else {
 				hasWaiting = true
 			}
 			job.Name = util.EllipsisDisplayString(job.Name, 255)
 			runJobs = append(runJobs, &ActionRunJob{
 				RunID:             run.ID,
 				RepoID:            run.RepoID,
 				OwnerID:           run.OwnerID,
 				CommitSHA:         run.CommitSHA,
 				IsForkPullRequest: run.IsForkPullRequest,
 				Name:              job.Name,
 				WorkflowPayload:   payload,
 				JobID:             id,
 				Needs:             needs,
 				RunsOn:            job.RunsOn(),
 				Status:            status,
 			})
 		}
 		if err := db.Insert(ctx, runJobs); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		// if there is a job in the waiting status, increase tasks version.
 		if hasWaiting {
 			if err := IncreaseTaskVersion(ctx, run.OwnerID, run.RepoID); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	})
 }
 func GetRunByRepoAndID(ctx context.Context, repoID, runID int64) (*ActionRun, error) {
@@ -363,16 +328,16 @@ func GetRunByRepoAndID(ctx context.Context, repoID, runID int64) (*ActionRun, er
 	return &run, nil
 }
-func GetRunByIndex(ctx context.Context, repoID, index int64) (*ActionRun, error) {
+func GetRunByRepoAndIndex(ctx context.Context, repoID, runIndex int64) (*ActionRun, error) {
 	run := &ActionRun{
 		RepoID: repoID,
-		Index:  index,
+		Index:  runIndex,
 	}
 	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Get(run)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	} else if !has {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("run with index %d %d: %w", repoID, index, util.ErrNotExist)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("run with repo_id %d and index %d: %w", repoID, runIndex, util.ErrNotExist)
 	}
 	return run, nil
@@ -426,19 +391,63 @@ func UpdateRun(ctx context.Context, run *ActionRun, cols ...string) error {
 		// It's impossible that the run is not found, since Gitea never deletes runs.
 	}
 	if run.Status != 0 || slices.Contains(cols, "status") {
 		if run.RepoID == 0 {
 			setting.PanicInDevOrTesting("RepoID should not be 0")
 		}
 		if err = run.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		if err := updateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx, run.Repo); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 type ActionRunIndex db.ResourceIndex
 func GetConcurrentRunsAndJobs(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, concurrencyGroup string, status []Status) ([]*ActionRun, []*ActionRunJob, error) {
 	runs, err := db.Find[ActionRun](ctx, &FindRunOptions{
 		RepoID:           repoID,
 		ConcurrencyGroup: concurrencyGroup,
 		Status:           status,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("find runs: %w", err)
 	}
 	jobs, err := db.Find[ActionRunJob](ctx, &FindRunJobOptions{
 		RepoID:           repoID,
 		ConcurrencyGroup: concurrencyGroup,
 		Statuses:         status,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("find jobs: %w", err)
 	}
 	return runs, jobs, nil
 }
 func CancelPreviousJobsByRunConcurrency(ctx context.Context, actionRun *ActionRun) ([]*ActionRunJob, error) {
 	if actionRun.ConcurrencyGroup == "" {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 	var jobsToCancel []*ActionRunJob
 	statusFindOption := []Status{StatusWaiting, StatusBlocked}
 	if actionRun.ConcurrencyCancel {
 		statusFindOption = append(statusFindOption, StatusRunning)
 	}
 	runs, jobs, err := GetConcurrentRunsAndJobs(ctx, actionRun.RepoID, actionRun.ConcurrencyGroup, statusFindOption)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("find concurrent runs and jobs: %w", err)
 	}
 	jobsToCancel = append(jobsToCancel, jobs...)
 	// cancel runs in the same concurrency group
 	for _, run := range runs {
 		if run.ID == actionRun.ID {
 			continue
 		}
 		jobs, err := db.Find[ActionRunJob](ctx, FindRunJobOptions{
 			RunID: run.ID,
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("find run %d jobs: %w", run.ID, err)
 		}
 		jobsToCancel = append(jobsToCancel, jobs...)
 	}
 	return CancelJobs(ctx, jobsToCancel)
 }
@@ -11,34 +11,60 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/actions/jobparser"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )
 // MaxJobNumPerRun is the maximum number of jobs in a single run.
 // https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/limits#existing-system-limits
 // TODO: check this limit when creating jobs
 const MaxJobNumPerRun = 256
 // ActionRunJob represents a job of a run
 type ActionRunJob struct {
 	ID                int64
 	RunID             int64                  `xorm:"index"`
 	Run               *ActionRun             `xorm:"-"`
-	RepoID            int64                  `xorm:"index"`
+	RepoID            int64                  `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency)"`
 	Repo              *repo_model.Repository `xorm:"-"`
 	OwnerID           int64                  `xorm:"index"`
 	CommitSHA         string                 `xorm:"index"`
 	IsForkPullRequest bool
 	Name              string `xorm:"VARCHAR(255)"`
 	Attempt           int64
-	WorkflowPayload   []byte
+
-	JobID             string   `xorm:"VARCHAR(255)"` // job id in workflow, not job's id
+	// WorkflowPayload is act/jobparser.SingleWorkflow for act/jobparser.Parse
-	Needs             []string `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
+	// it should contain exactly one job with global workflow fields for this model
-	RunsOn            []string `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
+	WorkflowPayload []byte
-	TaskID            int64    // the latest task of the job
+
-	Status            Status   `xorm:"index"`
+	JobID  string   `xorm:"VARCHAR(255)"` // job id in workflow, not job's id
-	Started           timeutil.TimeStamp
+	Needs  []string `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
-	Stopped           timeutil.TimeStamp
+	RunsOn []string `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
-	Created           timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"created"`
+	TaskID int64    // the latest task of the job
-	Updated           timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"updated index"`
+	Status Status   `xorm:"index"`
 	RawConcurrency string // raw concurrency from job YAML's "concurrency" section
 	// IsConcurrencyEvaluated is only valid/needed when this job's RawConcurrency is not empty.
 	// If RawConcurrency can't be evaluated (e.g. depend on other job's outputs or have errors), this field will be false.
 	// If RawConcurrency has been successfully evaluated, this field will be true, ConcurrencyGroup and ConcurrencyCancel are also set.
 	IsConcurrencyEvaluated bool
 	ConcurrencyGroup  string `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''"` // evaluated concurrency.group
 	ConcurrencyCancel bool   `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE"`                      // evaluated concurrency.cancel-in-progress
 	// TokenPermissions stores the explicit permissions from workflow/job YAML (no org/repo clamps applied).
 	// Org/repo clamps are enforced when the token is used at runtime.
 	// It is JSON-encoded repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissions and may be empty if not specified.
 	TokenPermissions *repo_model.ActionsTokenPermissions `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
 	Started timeutil.TimeStamp
 	Stopped timeutil.TimeStamp
 	Created timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"created"`
 	Updated timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"updated index"`
 }
 func init() {
@@ -46,7 +72,7 @@ func init() {
 }
 func (job *ActionRunJob) Duration() time.Duration {
-	return calculateDuration(job.Started, job.Stopped, job.Status)
+	return calculateDuration(job.Started, job.Stopped, job.Status, job.Updated)
 }
 func (job *ActionRunJob) LoadRun(ctx context.Context) error {
@@ -84,13 +110,43 @@ func (job *ActionRunJob) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return job.Run.LoadAttributes(ctx)
 }
-func GetRunJobByID(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*ActionRunJob, error) {
+// ParseJob parses the job structure from the ActionRunJob.WorkflowPayload
 func (job *ActionRunJob) ParseJob() (*jobparser.Job, error) {
 	// job.WorkflowPayload is a SingleWorkflow created from an ActionRun's workflow, which exactly contains this job's YAML definition.
 	// Ideally it shouldn't be called "Workflow", it is just a job with global workflow fields + trigger
 	parsedWorkflows, err := jobparser.Parse(job.WorkflowPayload)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("job %d single workflow: unable to parse: %w", job.ID, err)
 	} else if len(parsedWorkflows) != 1 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("job %d single workflow: not single workflow", job.ID)
 	}
 	_, workflowJob := parsedWorkflows[0].Job()
 	if workflowJob == nil {
 		// it shouldn't happen, and since the callers don't check nil, so return an error instead of nil
 		return nil, util.ErrorWrap(util.ErrNotExist, "job %d single workflow: payload doesn't contain a job", job.ID)
 	}
 	return workflowJob, nil
 }
 func GetRunJobByRepoAndID(ctx context.Context, repoID, jobID int64) (*ActionRunJob, error) {
 	var job ActionRunJob
-	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("id=?", id).Get(&job)
+	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("id=? AND repo_id=?", jobID, repoID).Get(&job)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	} else if !has {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("run job with id %d: %w", id, util.ErrNotExist)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("run job with id %d: %w", jobID, util.ErrNotExist)
 	}
 	return &job, nil
 }
 func GetRunJobByRunAndID(ctx context.Context, runID, jobID int64) (*ActionRunJob, error) {
 	var job ActionRunJob
 	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("id=? AND run_id=?", jobID, runID).Get(&job)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	} else if !has {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("run job with id %d: %w", jobID, util.ErrNotExist)
 	}
 	return &job, nil
@@ -125,7 +181,7 @@ func UpdateRunJob(ctx context.Context, job *ActionRunJob, cond builder.Cond, col
 		return affected, nil
 	}
-	if affected != 0 && slices.Contains(cols, "status") && job.Status.IsWaiting() {
+	if slices.Contains(cols, "status") && job.Status.IsWaiting() {
 		// if the status of job changes to waiting again, increase tasks version.
 		if err := IncreaseTaskVersion(ctx, job.OwnerID, job.RepoID); err != nil {
 			return 0, err
@@ -134,7 +190,7 @@ func UpdateRunJob(ctx context.Context, job *ActionRunJob, cond builder.Cond, col
 	if job.RunID == 0 {
 		var err error
-		if job, err = GetRunJobByID(ctx, job.ID); err != nil {
+		if job, err = GetRunJobByRepoAndID(ctx, job.RepoID, job.ID); err != nil {
 			return 0, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -197,3 +253,39 @@ func AggregateJobStatus(jobs []*ActionRunJob) Status {
 		return StatusUnknown // it shouldn't happen
 	}
 }
 func CancelPreviousJobsByJobConcurrency(ctx context.Context, job *ActionRunJob) (jobsToCancel []*ActionRunJob, _ error) {
 	if job.RawConcurrency == "" {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 	if !job.IsConcurrencyEvaluated {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 	if job.ConcurrencyGroup == "" {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 	statusFindOption := []Status{StatusWaiting, StatusBlocked}
 	if job.ConcurrencyCancel {
 		statusFindOption = append(statusFindOption, StatusRunning)
 	}
 	runs, jobs, err := GetConcurrentRunsAndJobs(ctx, job.RepoID, job.ConcurrencyGroup, statusFindOption)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("find concurrent runs and jobs: %w", err)
 	}
 	jobs = slices.DeleteFunc(jobs, func(j *ActionRunJob) bool { return j.ID == job.ID })
 	jobsToCancel = append(jobsToCancel, jobs...)
 	// cancel runs in the same concurrency group
 	for _, run := range runs {
 		jobs, err := db.Find[ActionRunJob](ctx, FindRunJobOptions{
 			RunID: run.ID,
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("find run %d jobs: %w", run.ID, err)
 		}
 		jobsToCancel = append(jobsToCancel, jobs...)
 	}
 	return CancelJobs(ctx, jobsToCancel)
 }
@@ -69,12 +69,13 @@ func (jobs ActionJobList) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context, withRepo bool) err
 type FindRunJobOptions struct {
 	db.ListOptions
-	RunID         int64
+	RunID            int64
-	RepoID        int64
+	RepoID           int64
-	OwnerID       int64
+	OwnerID          int64
-	CommitSHA     string
+	CommitSHA        string
-	Statuses      []Status
+	Statuses         []Status
-	UpdatedBefore timeutil.TimeStamp
+	UpdatedBefore    timeutil.TimeStamp
 	ConcurrencyGroup string
 }
 func (opts FindRunJobOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
@@ -94,6 +95,12 @@ func (opts FindRunJobOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
 	if opts.UpdatedBefore > 0 {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Lt{"`action_run_job`.updated": opts.UpdatedBefore})
 	}
 	if opts.ConcurrencyGroup != "" {
 		if opts.RepoID == 0 {
 			panic("Invalid FindRunJobOptions: repo_id is required")
 		}
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"`action_run_job`.concurrency_group": opts.ConcurrencyGroup})
 	}
 	return cond
 }
@@ -64,15 +64,16 @@ func (runs RunList) LoadRepos(ctx context.Context) error {
 type FindRunOptions struct {
 	db.ListOptions
-	RepoID        int64
+	RepoID           int64
-	OwnerID       int64
+	OwnerID          int64
-	WorkflowID    string
+	WorkflowID       string
-	Ref           string // the commit/tag/… that caused this workflow
+	Ref              string // the commit/tag/… that caused this workflow
-	TriggerUserID int64
+	TriggerUserID    int64
-	TriggerEvent  webhook_module.HookEventType
+	TriggerEvent     webhook_module.HookEventType
-	Approved      bool // not util.OptionalBool, it works only when it's true
+	Approved         bool // not util.OptionalBool, it works only when it's true
-	Status        []Status
+	Status           []Status
-	CommitSHA     string
+	ConcurrencyGroup string
 	CommitSHA        string
 }
 func (opts FindRunOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
@@ -101,6 +102,12 @@ func (opts FindRunOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
 	if opts.CommitSHA != "" {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"`action_run`.commit_sha": opts.CommitSHA})
 	}
 	if len(opts.ConcurrencyGroup) > 0 {
 		if opts.RepoID == 0 {
 			panic("Invalid FindRunOptions: repo_id is required")
 		}
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"`action_run`.concurrency_group": opts.ConcurrencyGroup})
 	}
 	return cond
 }
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@ package actions
 import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
@@ -27,9 +29,18 @@ func TestUpdateRepoRunsNumbers(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, 2, repo.NumClosedActionRuns)
 	// now update will correct them, only num_actionr_runs and num_closed_action_runs should be updated
-	err = updateRepoRunsNumbers(t.Context(), repo)
+	UpdateRepoRunsNumbers(t.Context(), repo.ID)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	repo = unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 4})
 	assert.Equal(t, 5, repo.NumActionRuns)
 	assert.Equal(t, 3, repo.NumClosedActionRuns)
 }
 func TestActionRun_Duration_NonNegative(t *testing.T) {
 	run := &ActionRun{
 		Started:          timeutil.TimeStamp(100),
 		Stopped:          timeutil.TimeStamp(200),
 		Status:           StatusSuccess,
 		PreviousDuration: -time.Hour,
 	}
 	assert.Equal(t, time.Duration(0), run.Duration())
 }
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/shared/types"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/optional"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
@@ -61,6 +62,8 @@ type ActionRunner struct {
 	AgentLabels []string `xorm:"TEXT"`
 	// Store if this is a runner that only ever get one single job assigned
 	Ephemeral bool `xorm:"ephemeral NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
 	// Store if this runner is disabled and should not pick up new jobs
 	IsDisabled bool `xorm:"is_disabled NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
 	Created timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"created"`
 	Updated timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"updated"`
@@ -173,6 +176,13 @@ func (r *ActionRunner) GenerateToken() (err error) {
 	return err
 }
 // CanMatchLabels checks whether the runner's labels can match a job's "runs-on"
 // See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/workflows-and-actions/workflow-syntax#jobsjob_idruns-on
 func (r *ActionRunner) CanMatchLabels(jobRunsOn []string) bool {
 	runnerLabelSet := container.SetOf(r.AgentLabels...)
 	return runnerLabelSet.Contains(jobRunsOn...) // match all labels
 }
 func init() {
 	db.RegisterModel(&ActionRunner{})
 }
@@ -191,6 +201,7 @@ type FindRunnerOptions struct {
 	Sort          string
 	Filter        string
 	IsOnline      optional.Option[bool]
 	IsDisabled    optional.Option[bool]
 	WithAvailable bool // not only runners belong to, but also runners can be used
 }
@@ -231,6 +242,10 @@ func (opts FindRunnerOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
 			cond = cond.And(builder.Lte{"last_online": time.Now().Add(-RunnerOfflineTime).Unix()})
 		}
 	}
 	if opts.IsDisabled.Has() {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"is_disabled": opts.IsDisabled.Value()})
 	}
 	return cond
 }
@@ -289,6 +304,20 @@ func UpdateRunner(ctx context.Context, r *ActionRunner, cols ...string) error {
 	return err
 }
 func SetRunnerDisabled(ctx context.Context, runner *ActionRunner, isDisabled bool) error {
 	if runner.IsDisabled == isDisabled {
 		return nil
 	}
 	return db.WithTx(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		runner.IsDisabled = isDisabled
 		if err := UpdateRunner(ctx, runner, "is_disabled"); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		return IncreaseTaskVersion(ctx, runner.OwnerID, runner.RepoID)
 	})
 }
 // DeleteRunner deletes a runner by given ID.
 func DeleteRunner(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
 	if _, err := GetRunnerByID(ctx, id); err != nil {
@@ -8,12 +8,13 @@ import (
 	"crypto/subtle"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 	auth_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unit"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/actions/jobparser"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
@@ -21,7 +22,6 @@ import (
 	runnerv1 "code.gitea.io/actions-proto-go/runner/v1"
 	lru "github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2"
 	"github.com/nektos/act/pkg/jobparser"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func init() {
 }
 func (task *ActionTask) Duration() time.Duration {
-	return calculateDuration(task.Started, task.Stopped, task.Status)
+	return calculateDuration(task.Started, task.Stopped, task.Status, task.Updated)
 }
 func (task *ActionTask) IsStopped() bool {
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ func (task *ActionTask) GetRepoLink() string {
 func (task *ActionTask) LoadJob(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if task.Job == nil {
-		job, err := GetRunJobByID(ctx, task.JobID)
+		job, err := GetRunJobByRepoAndID(ctx, task.RepoID, task.JobID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -216,6 +216,20 @@ func GetRunningTaskByToken(ctx context.Context, token string) (*ActionTask, erro
 	return nil, errNotExist
 }
 func makeTaskStepDisplayName(step *jobparser.Step, limit int) (name string) {
 	if step.Name != "" {
 		name = step.Name // the step has an explicit name
 	} else {
 		// for unnamed step, its "String()" method tries to get a display name by its "name", "uses",
 		// "run" or "id" (last fallback), we add the "Run " prefix for unnamed steps for better display
 		// for multi-line "run" scripts, only use the first line to match GitHub's behavior
 		// https://github.com/actions/runner/blob/66800900843747f37591b077091dd2c8cf2c1796/src/Runner.Worker/Handlers/ScriptHandler.cs#L45-L58
 		runStr, _, _ := strings.Cut(strings.TrimSpace(step.Run), "\n")
 		name = "Run " + util.IfZero(strings.TrimSpace(runStr), step.String())
 	}
 	return util.EllipsisDisplayString(name, limit) // database column has a length limit
 }
 func CreateTaskForRunner(ctx context.Context, runner *ActionRunner) (*ActionTask, bool, error) {
 	ctx, committer, err := db.TxContext(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -246,7 +260,7 @@ func CreateTaskForRunner(ctx context.Context, runner *ActionRunner) (*ActionTask
 	var job *ActionRunJob
 	log.Trace("runner labels: %v", runner.AgentLabels)
 	for _, v := range jobs {
-		if isSubset(runner.AgentLabels, v.RunsOn) {
+		if runner.CanMatchLabels(v.RunsOn) {
 			job = v
 			break
 		}
@@ -278,13 +292,10 @@ func CreateTaskForRunner(ctx context.Context, runner *ActionRunner) (*ActionTask
 		return nil, false, err
 	}
-	parsedWorkflows, err := jobparser.Parse(job.WorkflowPayload)
+	workflowJob, err := job.ParseJob()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("parse workflow of job %d: %w", job.ID, err)
+		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("load job %d: %w", job.ID, err)
 	} else if len(parsedWorkflows) != 1 {
 		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("workflow of job %d: not single workflow", job.ID)
 	}
 	_, workflowJob := parsedWorkflows[0].Job()
 	if _, err := e.Insert(task); err != nil {
 		return nil, false, err
@@ -298,9 +309,8 @@ func CreateTaskForRunner(ctx context.Context, runner *ActionRunner) (*ActionTask
 	if len(workflowJob.Steps) > 0 {
 		steps := make([]*ActionTaskStep, len(workflowJob.Steps))
 		for i, v := range workflowJob.Steps {
 			name := util.EllipsisDisplayString(v.String(), 255)
 			steps[i] = &ActionTaskStep{
-				Name:   name,
+				Name:   makeTaskStepDisplayName(v, 255),
 				TaskID: task.ID,
 				Index:  int64(i),
 				RepoID: task.RepoID,
@@ -378,6 +388,7 @@ func UpdateTaskByState(ctx context.Context, runnerID int64, state *runnerv1.Task
 			}
 			if _, err := UpdateRunJob(ctx, &ActionRunJob{
 				ID:      task.JobID,
 				RepoID:  task.RepoID,
 				Status:  task.Status,
 				Stopped: task.Stopped,
 			}, nil); err != nil {
@@ -439,6 +450,7 @@ func StopTask(ctx context.Context, taskID int64, status Status) error {
 	task.Stopped = now
 	if _, err := UpdateRunJob(ctx, &ActionRunJob{
 		ID:      task.JobID,
 		RepoID:  task.RepoID,
 		Status:  task.Status,
 		Stopped: task.Stopped,
 	}, nil); err != nil {
@@ -479,20 +491,6 @@ func FindOldTasksToExpire(ctx context.Context, olderThan timeutil.TimeStamp, lim
 		Find(&tasks)
 }
 func isSubset(set, subset []string) bool {
 	m := make(container.Set[string], len(set))
 	for _, v := range set {
 		m.Add(v)
 	}
 	for _, v := range subset {
 		if !m.Contains(v) {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
 	return true
 }
 func convertTimestamp(timestamp *timestamppb.Timestamp) timeutil.TimeStamp {
 	if timestamp.GetSeconds() == 0 && timestamp.GetNanos() == 0 {
 		return timeutil.TimeStamp(0)
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 // ActionTaskStep represents a step of ActionTask
 type ActionTaskStep struct {
 	ID        int64
-	Name      string `xorm:"VARCHAR(255)"`
+	Name      string `xorm:"VARCHAR(255)"` // the step name, for display purpose only, it will be truncated if it is too long
 	TaskID    int64  `xorm:"index unique(task_index)"`
 	Index     int64  `xorm:"index unique(task_index)"`
 	RepoID    int64  `xorm:"index"`
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ type ActionTaskStep struct {
 }
 func (step *ActionTaskStep) Duration() time.Duration {
-	return calculateDuration(step.Started, step.Stopped, step.Status)
+	return calculateDuration(step.Started, step.Stopped, step.Status, step.Updated)
 }
 func init() {
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
		`@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@`
							`#!/bin/bash`
							`exec /app/gitea/gitea config edit-ini --in-place --apply-env "$@"`